Review
Oncology
Salman R. R. Punekar, Elaine Shum, Cassandra Mia Grello, Sally C. C. Lau, Vamsidhar Velcheti
Summary: Over the past decades, immunotherapy has proven its effectiveness in various cancer types. In recent years, it has emerged as a viable treatment approach for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with antibodies such as anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, and anti-PD-L1 has shown promising results in clinical trials, improving progression-free survival and overall survival compared to chemotherapy alone. Biomarkers to predict response to immunotherapy are still being studied. The future of lung cancer immunotherapy holds potential with the development of combination therapies, cytokine modulating therapies, and cellular therapies. Additionally, advanced technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are expected to play a role in the future care of lung cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jae Eun Lee, Mi-Young Kim
Summary: Over the past 35 years, epigenetic changes have been increasingly recognized as a major driver of carcinogenesis and cancer progression, leading to changes in gene expression that promote the emergence and evolution of cancer cells. Research on the deregulation of chromatin modifiers in cancer cells is shaping our understanding of cancer and guiding the development of novel anticancer therapies targeting epigenetic factors. Areas of particular interest include the actions of emerging epigenetic regulators of carcinogenesis, the tumor microenvironment, and epigenetic tumor heterogeneity.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ke Li, Craig M. Crews
Summary: PROTACs are a type of molecules with novel event-driven mechanism, offering multiple advantages over traditional inhibitors, such as catalytic nature and targeted protein degradation, which may lead to improved therapeutic outcomes with reduced toxicity. However, further research and development efforts are needed to fully explore their potential.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
S. Warnakulasuriya, A. R. Kerr
Summary: Oral cancer is a significant public health issue, affecting young individuals with poor public awareness. Early detection through visual inspection of premalignant lesions before oral cancer develops can reduce mortality. Screening for high-risk groups is cost-effective, but population-based screening lacks sufficient evidence.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Govindarajan Narayanan, Dania Daye, Nicole M. Wilson, Raihan Noman, Ashwin M. Mahendra, Mehul H. Doshi
Summary: Despite advancements in surgical oncology and chemoradiation therapies, pancreatic cancer remains one of the most difficult cancers to treat. Ablation strategies hold promise in improving survival rates for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer, but the aggressive nature of the disease and high mortality rate continue to pose significant challenges to treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Futema, Alison Taylor-Beadling, Maggie Williams, Steve E. Humphries
Summary: The familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) phenotype can be caused by mutations in multiple genes, allowing for faster diagnosis using next-generation sequencing technology. In addition to monogenic causes, the majority of FH cases are likely polygenic, with significantly lower risk of future coronary heart disease in these patients.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Joseph Rich, Zhenhua Tian, Tony Jun Huang
Summary: The research in intracellular delivery technologies has surged with the advancement in cell-based therapies and reprogramming. Physical cell membrane permeabilization techniques, especially sonoporation, show promise in delivering functional cargos to various cells, but bubble-based methods may have limitations such as requiring contrast agents and potential damage to cell components. Development of non-bubble-based sonoporation mechanisms aims to overcome these limitations and improve intracellular delivery efficiency.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Nicolas Wentzensen, Megan A. Clarke
Summary: Cervical cancer screening has evolved from cytology to HPV testing, with the latter showing higher sensitivity compared to the former, providing long-term reassurance for HPV-negative women against cervical precancer and cancer. Primary HPV screening achieves the greatest balance of benefits and harms compared to other strategies, and can be conducted from self-collected samples, making it suitable for avoiding in-person screening visits during the COVID-19 pandemic.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wentao Jiang, Ziyu Wu, Zheng Gao, Mimi Wan, Min Zhou, Chun Mao, Jian Shen
Summary: Artificial cells are constructed to imitate natural cells and can be used for studying biological processes and the origin of life. They can be endowed with various functions through the incorporation of proteins and genes, and have great potential in therapeutic applications.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roxana Liana Lucaciu, Adriana Corina Hangan, Bogdan Sevastre, Luminita Simona Oprean
Summary: Conventional cancer treatments like chemotherapy have limited success due to resistance, toxicity and side effects. Finding new therapies remains a challenge.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Chun Ho Szeto, Walid Shalata, Alexander Yakobson, Abed Agbarya
Summary: Immunotherapy is considered a novel approach to improve survival in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer patients, but there are still unresolved issues such as predictive markers, optimal combination therapy, and the need for adjuvant immunotherapy. More studies are needed to optimize the treatment regimen for immunotherapy in early-stage NSCLC.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Matias Bermann, Alberto Cesarani, Ignacy Misztal, Daniela Lourenco
Summary: Single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor (ssGBLUP) is a methodology for estimating breeding values jointly for genotyped and non-genotyped animals. Despite challenges faced in its development, ssGBLUP has been widely adopted in livestock populations due to extensive research and efficient software solutions.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Nicholas M. Maurice, Nichole T. Tanner
Summary: Lung cancer causes more deaths in the United States each year than breast, prostate, and colon cancers combined. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) aims to achieve early detection of lung cancer and provide high quality and equitable screening for all veterans. This article reviews the VHA's previous and current initiatives to implement and expand access to lung cancer screening, as well as target areas of interest for improving uptake and quality of screening.
SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yasuhiro Nishida, Pernilla Christina Berg, Behnaz Shakersain, Karen Hecht, Akiko Takikawa, Ruohan Tao, Yumeka Kakuta, Chiasa Uragami, Hideki Hashimoto, Norihiko Misawa, Takashi Maoka
Summary: This review article provides a comprehensive exploration of the history, chemical and physical attributes, distribution, and biosynthesis of astaxanthin (AX). It also delves into the health benefits, biofunctional characteristics, and market status of AX, aiming to provide a robust foundation for future scientific endeavors addressing societal needs for sustainable nutritional and medicinal solutions.
Review
Plant Sciences
Ian Max Moller, Allan G. Rasmusson, Olivier Van Aken
Summary: The study of plant mitochondria began in the 1950s, focusing on establishing basic properties and unique characteristics compared to mammalian mitochondria. With advancements in molecular biology and genomics, further unique features were discovered, including the large size of plant mtDNA, unique mRNA maturation process, and a large proteome with many unique proteins.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ryan Sun, Miao Xu, Xihao Li, Sheila Gaynor, Hufeng Zhou, Zilin Li, Yohan Bosse, Stephen Lam, Ming-Sound Tsao, Adonina Tardon, Chu Chen, Jennifer Doherty, Gary Goodman, Stig E. Bojesen, Maria T. Landi, Mattias Johansson, John K. Field, Heike Bickeboeller, H-Erich Wichmann, Angela Risch, Gadi Rennert, Suzanne Arnold, Xifeng Wu, Olle Melander, Hans Brunnstrom, Loic Le Marchand, Geoffrey Liu, Angeline Andrew, Eric Duell, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Hongbing Shen, Aage Haugen, Mikael Johansson, Kjell Grankvist, Neil Caporaso, Penella Woll, M. Dawn Teare, Ghislaine Scelo, Yun-Chul Hong, Jian-Min Yuan, Philip Lazarus, Matthew B. Schabath, Melinda C. Aldrich, Demetrios Albanes, Raymond Mak, David Barbie, Paul Brennan, Rayjean J. Hung, Christopher I. Amos, David C. Christiani, Xihong Lin
Summary: This study prioritizes and characterizes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that increase the risk of squamous cell lung cancer by utilizing extensive multiomics data sources and genome-wide functional annotations. The reanalysis of data highlights the impact of SNPs from nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway genes and major histocompatibility complex-mediated immune responses on lung cancer. The strategies introduced in this study provide informative and systematic approaches for incorporating genome-wide annotation data in genetic association studies.
GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sally C. M. Lau, Aline Fusco Fares, Lisa W. Le, Kate M. Mackay, Spencer Soberano, Sze Wah Chan, Elliot Smith, Malcolm Ryan, Ming Sound Tsao, Penelope A. Bradbury, Prodipto Pal, Frances A. Shepherd, Geoffrey Liu, Natasha B. Leighl, Adrian G. Sacher
Summary: Mutation subtypes, such as EGFR exon 20 and HER2, are associated with better response and progression-free survival in non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), making ICIs an important therapeutic option for these patients.
CLINICAL LUNG CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
B. C. John Cho, Laura Donahoe, Penelope A. Bradbury, Natasha Leighl, Shaf Keshavjee, Andrew Hope, Prodipto Pal, Michael Cabanero, Kasia Czarnecka, Karen McRae, Ming-Sound Tsao, Marc de Perrot
Summary: A novel treatment approach called Surgery for Mesothelioma After Radiotherapy (SMART) was developed for managing malignant pleural mesothelioma, with promising results in clinical feasibility. However, minimizing severe treatment-related events is challenging and may impact survival beyond the post-operative period.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Reenika Aggarwal, Andrew Cl Lam, Jingyue Huang, Katrina Hueniken, Daniel Nguyen, Khaleeq Khan, Taariq Shaikh, Frances A. Shepherd, Ming-Sound Tsao, Wei Xu, John Kavanagh, Geoffrey Liu
Summary: This study identified individuals ineligible for lung cancer screening who are most likely to become eligible in the future. Factors such as smoking history, current smoking status, lower education level, and presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were significantly associated with becoming eligible for screening. The predictive model based on observed health behaviors reasonably predicted changes in lung cancer risk and can help identify participants who should be closely monitored for potential future eligibility.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Ming-Sound Tsao, Andrew G. Nicholson, Joseph J. Maleszewski, Alexander Marx, William D. Travis
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ku-Geng Huo, Hirotsugu Notsuda, Zhenhao Fang, Ningdi Feng Liu, Teklab Gebregiworgis, Quan Li, Nhu-An Pham, Ming Li, Ni Liu, Frances A. Shepherd, Christopher B. Marshall, Mitsuhiko Ikura, Nadeem Moghal, Ming-Sound Tsao
Summary: This study found that clinically approved EGFR TKIs can be used to treat patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring the BRAF(G469V) mutation. Through experiments with a xenograft model and a cell line, it was confirmed that BRAF G469v is the oncogenic driver in this mutation. Structural modeling and experiments further demonstrated that BRAF(G469V) is a direct target of EGFR TKIs.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Dalam Ly, Quan Li, Roya Navab, Cedric Zeltz, Linan Fang, Michael Cabanero, Chang-Qi Zhu, Ming-Sound Tsao, Li Zhang
Summary: Understanding how the immune system regulates the tumor microenvironment is crucial for the development of effective cancer treatments. This study reveals the adverse prognostic role of LAIR2 expression in regulatory T cells and identifies it as a potential target for future immunotherapies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cedric Zeltz, Maryam Khalil, Roya Navab, Ming-Sound Tsao
Summary: Collagen type XI restrains collagen remodeling and cell migration mediated by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), thereby limiting the invasion of lung cancer cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Joshua C. Rosen, Adrian Sacher, Ming-Sound Tsao
Summary: KRAS(G12C) inhibitors have shown promising results in clinical trials with overall response rates ranging between 32% and 46%, and have been granted FDA approvals as second-line or later monotherapies. However, rapid tumor resistance complicates their use as a monotherapy.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shelley Kuang, Andrea S. Fung, Kirstin A. Perdrizet, Kaitlin Chen, Janice J. N. Li, Lisa W. Le, Michael Cabanero, Ola Abu Al Karsaneh, Ming S. Tsao, Josh Morganstein, Laura Ranich, Adam C. Smith, Cuihong Wei, Carol Cheung, Frances A. Shepherd, Geoffrey Liu, Penelope Bradbury, Prodipto Pal, Joerg Schwock, Adrian G. Sacher, Jennifer H. Law, Tracy L. Stockley, Natasha B. Leighl
Summary: In NSCLC patients, reflex testing using NGS panels can identify actionable genetic variants in the majority of cases with minimal increase in testing cost. Implementation of NGS panels is essential for the treatment of NSCLC patients as treatment paradigms continue to evolve.
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ellen Yang, Najd Alshamlan, Jessica Weiss, Michael Cabanero, Ming Tsao
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Maisam Makarem, Doreen A. Ezeife, Adam C. Smith, Janice J. N. Li, Jennifer H. Law, Ming-Sound Tsao, Natasha B. Leighl
Summary: ROS1 rearrangements are found in 1-2% of lung adenocarcinoma cases, with reflex testing being the recommended strategy. A study showed that reflex IHC screening with FISH confirmation is a cost-efficient strategy with quick TAT and maximizes TP case detection.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
M. Khalil, M. Tsao
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
S. Lau, M. Rabindranath, J. Weiss, J. Li, S. Nirmalakumar, H. Ruff, S. Boerner, L. C. Tong, M. Tsao, P. Pal, M. Cabanero, Y. H. Hsu, A. Fung, A. Sacher, F. A. Shepherd, G. Liu, P. Bradbury, K. Yasufuku, K. Czarnecka-Kujawa, H. M. Ko, N. Leighl, J. Schwock
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Sonja Klebe, Yukio Nakatani, Katalin Dobra, Kelly J. Butnor, Anja C. Roden, Andrew G. Nicholson, Alberto M. Marchevsky, Aliya N. Husain, Amanda Segal, Ann E. Walts, Birgit Weynand, Claire W. Michael, Sanja Dacic, David Godbolt, Richard Attanoos, Eric Santoni-Rugiu, Francoise Galateau-Salle, Kenzo Hiroshima, Andre L. Moreira, Juliet Burn, Kazuki Nabeshima, Allen R. Gibbs, Andrew Churg, Leslie A. Litzky, Luka Brcic, Ming Sound Tsao, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Sara B. Rorvig, Henry D. Tazelaar, Thomas Krausz, Yu Zhi Zhang, Lucian R. Chirieac, Mary B. Beasley, Anders Hjerpe
Summary: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an incurable tumor often caused by asbestos exposure, commonly diagnosed at advanced stages. Malignant mesothelioma in situ (MMIS) is now included as a diagnostic category by the WHO, but there is inconsistency among experts in making this diagnosis. MMIS is currently only applicable as a precursor to MM with an epithelioid component, and the clinical implications are uncertain.
