Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wu Yujing, Zhou Hongxiu, Zhang Ao, Zhao Leqing
Summary: The research shows that flowing electrode direct methanol fuel cell (FEDMFC) effectively reduces methanol crossover rate while maintaining high power densities. Increasing flow rate can decrease crossover rate but will affect efficiency and stability, with optimal flow rate controlled at 1-3 sccm.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yong Seok Kim, Jae Wook Lee, Byeongkyu Kim, Jong Wook Bae, Chan-Hwa Chung
Summary: A carbon-neutralized direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with two bifunctional electrodes, Pd-Ag and Pt-Zn, has been developed in this study. The system operates in two modes: fuel-cell mode and spontaneous CO2 reduction mode. The Pd-Ag electrode oxidizes methanol to CO2 and generates electricity in the fuel-cell mode, while CO2 is spontaneously reduced to CO on Pd-Ag in the next step. In contrast, Pt catalyzes oxygen reduction and Zn is sacrificially oxidized in the fuel-cell and CO2 reduction modes, respectively. The power densities in the fuel-cell and CO2 reduction modes are 12.11 mW/cm² and 11.76 mW/cm², respectively, with faradaic efficiencies of 98.81% for CO2 and 89.11% for CO.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nianfang Wan
Summary: This paper proposes accelerated stress test protocols for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) to simulate real-life operation conditions and shorten evaluation time. The cell exhibits long survival time and stable membrane/electrode interface, but degradation of gas diffusion layer (GDL) and catalysts are found to cause performance degradation.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
N. A. I. M. Ishak, S. K. Kamarudin, S. N. Timmiati, N. A. Karim, S. Basri
Summary: This study introduces a biosynthesis method of platinum from plant extracts, which reduces the cost of platinum production and shows enhanced efficiency and stability, with potential for commercialization.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Guodong Xu, Yun Lei, Keyu Wu, Rongguan Lv, Jing Li, Xiujuan Sun, Weiwei Cai
Summary: In this study, CeO2 is modified through a plasma-phosphating combing strategy and invited as Frustrated Lewis Pair to assist the catalytic MOR process on Pt sites. This strategy also leads to negatively charged sites on CeO2 surface as a host for Pt anchoring, facilitating the even dispersion of Pt nanocrystals. Moreover, this strategy affects the Ce3+/Ce4+ ratio and vacancy oxygen ratio on CeO2 surface, which are critical for OH generation and anti-CO.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hazlina Junoh, Juhana Jaafar, Nik Abdul Hadi M. Nordin, Ahmad F. Ismail, Mohd H. D. Othman, Mukhlis A. Rahman, Farhana Aziz, Norhaniza Yusof, Syarifah Noor S. Sayed Daud
Summary: Porous poly ether sulfone (PES) membranes were prepared using two different solvents via dry/wet non-solvent phase inversion techniques, with membranes prepared using DMAc at 3 minutes solvent evaporation time showing desirable properties for proton conduction and methanol resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Youngseung Na, Prashant Khadke, Andreas Gluesen, Nicola Kimiaie, Martin Mueller, Ulrike Krewer
Summary: The electrochemical behavior of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is influenced by the concentration of methanol. Monitoring the methanol concentration in the fuel circulation loop is crucial for the efficient operation of DMFC systems. This study presents a robust electrochemical methanol sensing technique that is not affected by temperature, cell degradation, and membrane electrode assembly (MEA) type. The proposed method achieves high accuracy and is expected to enhance the reliability and control logic of DMFC systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Livhuwani Modau, Rudzani Sigwadi, Touhami Mokrani, Fulufhelo Nemavhola
Summary: The purpose of this study was to identify the steps involved in fabricating silica/chitosan composite membranes and their suitability for fuel cell applications. The composite membranes were successfully modified with silica, showing exceptional results in terms of proton conductivity and methanol permeability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aser Alaa Ahmed, Malik Al Labadidi, Ahmed T. Hamada, Mehmet Fatih Orhan
Summary: This study provides an overview of the fundamentals, principles, and evaluation factors of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), and conducts a parametric investigation on a JENNY 600S DMFC. The study finds that increasing the operating temperature of the fuel cell improves its output voltage, but decreases its maximum efficiency limits.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Weijian Yuan, Chenjun Hou, Jianfeng Wu, Yufeng Zhang, Xuelin Zhang
Summary: Capillary distillation is applied for the first time to regulate methanol-water evaporation, reducing methanol crossover and water starvation in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). This approach provides a suitable methanol/water ratio, allowing for high-concentration methanol operation with minimal structure. It greatly promotes the development of high-energy-density all-solid-state/flexible DMFCs and expands their potential integration in microsystems.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Caroline Teixeira Rodrigues, Gabriela de Franca Lopes, Christian Goncalves Alonso, Luiz Mario de Matos Jorge, Paulo Roberto Paraiso
Summary: Studies on the integration of reforming systems with Fuel Cells are intriguing for energy production in remote areas. The development of multi-fuel processors that can utilize various fuels without modifying the unit is particularly interesting. This study modeled and simulated an Autonomous Fuel Cell (AFC) system with methanol and/or Dimethyl Ether Steam Reforming (SR) using Aspen Plus. The evaluation focused on process variables, operational conditions, and the need for additional processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Zatil Amali Che Ramli, Norazuwana Shaari, Tengku Shafazila Tengku Saharuddin
Summary: Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) are promising alternatives for portable electronics, and recent research has focused on using nanotechnology to improve their performance. However, slow reaction kinetics limit the efficiency and energy output of DMFC. Platinum and ruthenium are widely explored catalysts in DMFC, and their performance can be enhanced by using supporting materials such as nanocarbons and metal oxides. This research emphasizes the structure of nanocatalysts and the support materials used, and also highlights the cost estimation of fuel cell technology. Future challenges and recommendations for innovative research in nanocatalyst development are discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mahmut Bayramoglu, Emine Sena Kazan, Zeynep Cigeroglu, Yasser Vasseghian
Summary: The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) system is an important clean and sustainable energy generation system. However, the efficiency of the system is lower than expected due to the incomplete reaction of methanol electrooxidation. This study focused on evaluating critical parameters and investigating the properties of reaction intermediates under operating conditions.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bin Wang, Xing Han, Yi Wang, Lu Kang, Yudong Yang, Liying Cui, Shuangling Zhong, Xuejun Cui
Summary: Alginate-based multi-crosslinked biomembranes (ABMCBs) were prepared with sodium alginate as matrix and functionalized organosilane as additive. ABMCB-4 with 40 wt% additive exhibited optimal selectivity and maximum power density, showing potential adaptability for direct methanol fuel cell application.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jaswinder Sharma, Xiang Lyu, Tatyana Reshetenko, Georgios Polizos, Kelsey Livingston, Jianlin Li, David L. Wood, Alexey Serov
Summary: The series of electrodes for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) application were successfully fabricated using a scalable and manufacturable slot-die coating method. The obtained electrodes were uniform and homogeneous with minimum defects, and the electrochemical evaluation showed close characteristics for all samples, confirming the reproducibility of the process. The study also found that decreased membrane thickness favored the performance of the membrane electrode assemblies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)