Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yasaman Motlaghzadeh, John P. Bilezikian, Deborah E. Sellmeyer
Summary: Primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy account for 90% of cases of hypercalcemia, with uncommon conditions needing to be considered when these are not the etiology. Recent research has led to a better understanding of unusual causes of hypercalcemia, emphasizing the importance of focusing on mechanisms and reviewing prior case reports for successful determination of the etiology. Continued investigation into the complexities of human calcium metabolism is crucial due to an increasing number of reports on rare and unknown mechanisms of hypercalcemia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Cristina Dettori, Francesca Ronca, Marco Scalese, Federica Saponaro
Summary: Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) is important for maintaining calcium homeostasis, acting directly on bone and kidneys and indirectly on the intestine. Apart from PTH, there are other PTH-related peptides that exert physiological effects on the Central Nervous System (CNS). This review aims to summarize the distribution and functions of these peptides in the CNS and identify areas that require further research.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tianhong Chen, Yi Wang, Zhuowen Hao, Yingkun Hu, Jingfeng Li
Summary: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates bone metabolism by binding to PTH1R, promoting both bone formation and bone resorption. Developing improved PTH-related peptides may address the shortcomings of teriparatide.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Elisa Giannetta, Franz Sesti, Roberta Modica, Erika Maria Grossrubatscher, Alberto Ragni, Isabella Zanata, Annamaria Colao, Antongiulio Faggiano
Summary: Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia is a common but often undiagnosed complication in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN). The overproduction and secretion of PTHrP is a major cause of this condition, and a multidisciplinary approach is required for effective management.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Stephanie Pitts, Amit Mahipal, David Bajor, Amr Mohamed
Summary: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) secretion is often found in solid tumors, but it is rare in neuroendocrine tumors. We presented a case report of a patient with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) who developed hypercalcemia due to elevated PTHrP. The patient's hypercalcemia and PTHrP levels improved with the use of a long-acting somatostatin analogue. The optimal management of malignant hypercalcemia caused by PTHrP-producing PNETs was also discussed based on current literature.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ludmila Brunerova, Ondrej Remes, Veronika Zoubkova, Pavel Votypka
Summary: A novel combination of two heterozygous pathogenic variants of the CYP24A1 gene was found in a patient with hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, and hypercalcemia related to vitamin D exposure. This is the first reported case of this specific combination of gene mutations.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ignacio Portales-Castillo, Thomas Dean, Ross W. Cheloha, Brendan A. Creemer, Jean-Pierre Vilardaga, Sofya Savransky, Ashok Khatri, Harald Juppner, Thomas J. Gardella
Summary: Three mutations in the PTH1R gene have been identified in patients with Eiken syndrome, resulting in altered cAMP signaling and impaired recruitment of beta-arrestin2. These findings highlight the critical role of PTH1R-beta-arrestin interaction in regulating bone formation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Srilatha Swami, Hui Zhu, Aria Nisco, Takaharu Kimura, Matthew J. Kim, Vaisakh Nair, Joy Y. Wu
Summary: Bone metastases are a common complication of breast cancer. Intermittent administration of PTH[1-34] can reduce the incidence of bone metastases by acting on osteoblasts and breast cancer cells. The expression of PTH1R is crucial in both cells for PTH to lower bone metastases, and in breast cancer cells, this may be mediated by suppression of PTHrP, a protein implicated in the vicious cycle of bone metastases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
A. R. Gonciulea, Y. Wang, D. D. Bikle, D. E. Sellmeyer
Summary: Hypercalcemia occurs in up to 30% of malignancies and can be caused by various mechanisms. We present a case of cosecretion of parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D) in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, demonstrating both were of tumor origin by immunohistochemical staining.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Olga Radulova-Mauersberger, Julia Kessler, Ulrich Kessler, Katrin Stange, Sandra Korn, Jurgen Weitz, Ulrich Bork
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of preoperative cinacalcet therapy on intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) monitoring during surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). The retrospective analysis of 72 patients showed that the use of cinacalcet did not affect the value of IOPTH monitoring.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Magalie Haissaguerre, Estelle Louiset, Christofer C. Juhlin, Adam Stenman, Christophe Laurent, Helene Trouette, Herve Lefebvre, Antoine Tabarin
Summary: We present a case of paraneoplastic hyperparathyroidism caused by an oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma. The tumor secreted parathyroid hormone (PTH) and increased estradiol, leading to gynecomastia and hypogonadism. Immunohistochemistry studies confirmed the abnormal PTH expression and identified two subtypes of tumor cells, with one exclusively producing PTH.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yawei Zhao, Shang Su, Xiaohong Li
Summary: The roles of PTHrP and PTH1R in cancer initiation, growth, and metastasis have been extensively studied, but targeting PTHrP/PTH1R signaling in cancer therapy has not been successful. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the role of PTHrP/PTH1R in cancer progression and metastasis, and offers insights for future research in this field.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. John Martin
Summary: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) activates adenylyl cyclase in cells of the osteoblast lineage, indirectly regulating osteoclast formation. PTH1R, shared by PTH and PTHrP, activates adenylyl cyclase with similar potency. PTH1R is translocated from the plasma membrane to the endosome, but the influence of endosomal translocation on PTH1R activity is not yet known.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dalal S. Ali, Karel Dandurand, Aliya A. Khan
Summary: Close monitoring and adjustment of doses of calcium and active vitamin D are recommended during pregnancy to maintain serum calcium levels in the normal range for women with hypoparathyroidism. Hyper- and hypocalcemia should be avoided in order to reduce maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy and lactation in patients with hypoparathyroidism. Standard therapy with elemental calcium, active vitamin D, and vitamin D is safe during pregnancy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adriana Izquierdo-Lahuerta
Summary: Recent studies have shown the important role of the PTHrP/PTH1R axis in the regulation of adipose tissue, participating in adipogenesis and remodeling, with potential therapeutic effects on obesity and its complications, diabetes, and other related diseases.
