Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Truc Sophia Dinh, Andreas D. D. Meid, Henrik Rudolf, Maria-Sophie Brueckle, Ana I. I. Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Veronika Bencheva, Matthias Gogolin, Kym I. E. Snell, Petra J. M. Elders, Petra A. A. Thuermann, Norbert Donner-Banzhoff, Jeanet W. W. Blom, Marjan van den Akker, Ferdinand M. M. Gerlach, Sebastian Harder, Ulrich Thiem, Paul P. P. Glasziou, Walter E. E. Haefeli, Christiane Muth
Summary: This study compared the ability of five measures of anticholinergic burden to predict falls in older patients, and found that there was no significant difference among these measures, and their contribution to risk classification in fall-prediction models is limited. Previous falls and dizziness/vertigo had the strongest prognostic value in all models.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Masakazu Miura, Shinichi Okuda, Kazuhiro Murata, Yutaka Ohno, Satoshi Katou, Fumiaki Nakao, Takeshi Ueyama, Takeshi Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Ikeda
Summary: This study investigated the accuracy of various cardiac rehabilitation factors in predicting one-year outcomes in elderly heart failure patients. The results showed that a nutrition status model using GNRI provided a better predictive value than ADL ability or lower limb muscle strength. It should be recognized that HF patients with a low GNRI at discharge may have a poor prognosis at one year.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Yan Gao, Yulong Wang, Dongxia Li, Jingpu Zhao, Zhiyuan Dong, Jing Zhou, Guanqi Fu, Jing Zhang
Summary: This study explored the correlations and differentiate ability among the Longshi Scale, Barthel Index, and modified Rankin Scale in stroke patients. The results indicate that the Longshi Scale has better ability than the modified Rankin Scale in differentiating disability, especially for patients with higher levels of activities of daily living.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ling-Xin Li, Jing-Kang Lu, Bao-Jin Li, Qiang Gao, Cheng-Qi He, Shi-Hong Zhang, You-Jin Zhao, Shuai He, Qian Wen
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the optimum parameters of rTMS for patients with post-stroke cognition impairment and explores its effects on brain network function. The results of this study would facilitate the standardized application of rTMS in cognition impairment rehabilitation.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elzbieta Gradek-Kwinta, Agnieszka Slowik, Tomasz Dziedzic
Summary: The study found that the use of anticholinergic medication before stroke is associated with an increased risk of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP), suggesting that the use of anticholinergic medication may increase the risk of pneumonia after a stroke.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefania Chiappini, Alessio Mosca, Andrea Miuli, Francesco Maria Semeraro, Gianluca Mancusi, Maria Chiara Santovito, Francesco Di Carlo, Mauro Pettorruso, Amira Guirguis, John Martin Corkery, Giovanni Martinotti, Fabrizio Schifano, Massimo Di Giannantonio
Summary: This study reviewed the misuse of centrally acting anticholinergics, highlighting its widespread and popular nature. Healthcare professionals should be vigilant and monitor potential misusing issues due to the associated adverse effects.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jingpu Zhao, Xiangxiang Liu, Li Wan, Yan Gao, Meiling Huang, Fubing Zha, Jianjun Long, Dongxia Li, Guohui Nie, Yulong Wang
Summary: This study found that the Longshi Scale can effectively distinguish the ability in the activities of daily living of older adults with a neurological disease, showing a strong correlation with the Barthel Index scores.
Article
Orthopedics
Julia Poh Hwee Ng, Sean Wei Loong Ho, Michael Gui Jie Yam, Tong Leng Tan
Summary: There was no increase in postoperative complications after a surgical procedure for a hip fracture in elderly patients with schizophrenia. The 1-year mortality after a surgical procedure for hip fracture is similar in both patients with schizophrenia and those without schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia and hip fracture who were surgically managed had poorer 1-year functional outcomes compared with patients without schizophrenia matched for age, sex, and MBI at admission.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Momoko Tohyama, Yuka Shirai, Miho Shimizu, Yuki Kato, Yoji Kokura, Ryo Momosaki
Summary: Malnutrition is common among patients with heart failure and can lead to functional decline. The Hemoglobin-Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (H-GNRI) can be a valuable tool for predicting the prognosis of older patients with heart failure. High-risk patients have poorer outcomes in various measures compared to low-risk patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kimberly S. Erler, Rui Wu, Julie A. DiCarlo, Marina F. Petrilli, Perman Gochyyev, Leigh R. Hochberg, Steven A. Kautz, Lee H. Schwamm, Steven C. Cramer, Seth P. Finklestein, David J. Lin
Summary: This study found that the mRS is related to domain-specific outcomes after stroke, confirming its established value in stroke trials. However, it does not precisely distinguish differences in impairment and function, nor does it sufficiently capture meaningful clinical changes across impairment, activities of daily living status, and mobility. These findings underscore the potential utility of incorporating detailed phenotypic measures along with the mRS in future stroke trials.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hernan Ramos, Lucrecia Moreno, Jordi Perez-Tur, Consuelo Chafer-Pericas, Gemma Garcia-Lluch, Juan Pardo
Summary: The increase in life expectancy has led to a higher use of medication, particularly for chronic diseases. Polypharmacy can cause medication-related issues, such as an increase in anticholinergic burden. This paper introduces a new anticholinergic burden scale, CALS, which includes more drugs with anticholinergic properties compared to the currently most used ACB scale. The study shows that the new CALS scale is more effective in assessing the relationship between anticholinergic burden and cognitive impairment, compared to the ACB scale.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Angelo Ippolito, Hans Urban, Kimia Ghoroghi, Nicolas Rosbach, Neelam Lingwal, Elisabeth H. Adam, Benjamin Friedrichson, Andrea U. Steinbicker, Elke Hattingen, Katharina J. Wenger
Summary: This study aimed to compare critically ill COVID-19 patients with and without VV-ECMO treatment in terms of acute neurological symptoms, pathological neuroimaging findings, and long-term deficits. The study found that COVID-19 patients receiving VV-ECMO treatment had a lower survival rate and were more likely to develop acute neurological symptoms. However, the association between VV-ECMO treatment and pathological neuroimaging findings was negligible.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Nursing
Honoria Ocagli, Nicoletta Cella, Lucia Stivanello, Mario Degan, Cristina Canova
Summary: Functional status, as assessed by the Barthel Index, is strongly associated with in-hospital mortality, discharge destination, and length of stay in older patients. However, it does not correlate significantly with the cost of hospitalization. Understanding this relationship may help improve healthcare planning and resource management for elderly patients.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Seth A. Margolis, Dana A. Kelly, Lori A. Daiello, Jennifer Davis, Geoffrey Tremont, Sarah Pillemer, Charles Denby, Brian R. Ott
Summary: The study found that anticholinergic/sedative drug burden is associated with subjective cognitive decline in older adults, especially among individuals aged 65 and older. The interaction between age and drug burden is important when predicting AD risk.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Yi-Ching Wang, Pei-Fen Chang, Yi-Miau Chen, Ya-Chen Lee, Sheau-Ling Huang, Mei-Hsiang Chen, Ching-Lin Hsieh
Summary: The study aimed to compare the group- and individual-level responsiveness of the Barthel Index (BI) and modified BI (MBI) in patients with early subacute stroke. The results showed that the MBI had better responsiveness than the BI at both the group and individual levels, and it is recommended as an outcome measure for patients with stroke.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jackson Luker, Richard Woodman, David Schultz
Summary: This study describes the prevalence and annual incidence rates of MND in South Australia between 2017 and 2019. The results show that the crude prevalence and incidence of MND in South Australia were considerably higher than global estimates. This may reflect higher rates of the disease or higher rates of case ascertainment compared to the GBD project.
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS AND FRONTOTEMPORAL DEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Paul T. Heath, Eva P. Galiza, David Neil Baxter, Marta Boffito, Duncan Browne, Fiona Burns, David R. Chadwick, Rebecca Clark, Catherine A. Cosgrove, James Galloway, Anna L. Goodman, Amardeep Heer, Andrew Higham, Shalini Iyengar, Christopher Jeanes, Philip A. Kalra, Christina Kyriakidou, Judy M. Bradley, Chigomezgo Munthali, Angela M. Minassian, Fiona McGill, Patrick Moore, Imrozia Munsoor, Helen Nicholls, Orod Osanlou, Jonathan Packham, Carol H. Pretswell, Alberto San Francisco Ramos, Dinesh Saralaya, Ray P. Sheridan, Richard Smith, Roy L. Soiza, Pauline A. Swift, Emma C. Thomson, Jeremy Turner, Marianne Elizabeth Viljoen, Louis Fries, Iksung Cho, Irene McKnight, Greg Glenn, E. Joy Rivers, Andreana Robertson, Katia Alves, Kathy Smith, Seth Toback
Summary: In a phase 3 trial, a 2-dose regimen of the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine provided a high level of protection against asymptomatic, symptomatic, and severe COVID-19 for more than 6 months postvaccination. The vaccine showed 100% efficacy against severe disease and 76.3% efficacy against asymptomatic disease.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Angelo Zinellu, Arduino A. Mangoni
Summary: This study examined the discriminatory ability of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with active disease. The results showed that NLR and PLR can significantly discriminate between RA patients with and without active disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Angelo Zinellu, Alessandro G. Fois, Pietro Pirina, Ciriaco Carru, Arduino A. Mangoni
Summary: Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, we identified significant differences between patients with acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AEIPF) and patients with stable idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (SIPF) in age and specific parameters of respiratory function, inflammation, and epithelial lung damage. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the predictive capacity of these different parameters for AEIPF.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
George C. Mayne, Richard J. Woodman, David I. Watson, Tim Bright, Susan Gan, Reginald V. Lord, Michael J. Bourke, Angelique Levert-Mignon, Isabell Bastian, Tanya Irvine, Ann Schloithe, Marian Martin, Lorraine Sheehan-Hennessy, Damian J. Hussey
Summary: We developed an efficient method for estimating confidence intervals for biomarker models' prediction errors. Combining this method with StaVarSel significantly improved the predictive capacity of serum miRNA biomarkers for detecting disease states at risk of progressing to oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biology
Arduino A. A. Mangoni, Angelo Zinellu
Summary: Patients with COVID-19 often show elevated AST and ALT levels, affecting the De Ritis ratio and potentially impacting clinical outcomes. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between the De Ritis ratio and COVID-19 severity and mortality in hospitalized patients. The findings suggest that higher De Ritis ratios are significantly associated with severe disease and mortality, making it a useful tool for early risk stratification and management in COVID-19 patients.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nicholas L. Scarfo, Sayeh Dehghanian, Mai Duong, Richard J. Woodman, Pravin Shetty, Henry Lu, Cameron J. Phillips
Summary: This study investigated the perspectives of general practitioners on discharge summaries of their patients. The results showed that general practitioners preferred to receive discharge summaries within 48 hours and believed that late arrival negatively impacted patient care. They also expressed the desire to be notified about patient admissions and discharges, and supported patients receiving their own copy of the discharge summary. General practitioners considered the ideal length of discharge summaries to be less than 4 pages and emphasized the importance of providing rationale for medication changes. Overall, accuracy and effective communication were highlighted as key concerns.
AUSTRALIAN HEALTH REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Natthaya Eiamampai, Euan A. Ramsay, Roy L. Soiza, David A. McDonald, Susan J. Moug, Phyo K. Myint
Summary: This study found that the time taken to receive care has an impact on outcomes in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy and laparoscopy, particularly those with suspected infection. Faster time to care was associated with shorter length of stay and decreased risk of intensive care unit stay.
COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Richard J. Woodman, Arduino A. Mangoni
Summary: The increasing access to health data worldwide is driving a resurgence in machine learning research, including data-hungry deep learning algorithms. More computationally efficient algorithms now offer unique opportunities to enhance diagnosis, risk stratification, and individualised approaches to patient management. Clinical tools that utilise machine learning algorithms to determine the optimal choice of treatment are slowly gaining the necessary approval from governing bodies and being implemented into healthcare, with significant implications for virtually all medical disciplines during the next phase of digital medicine.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Psychiatry
Adele Mazzoleni, Shreya Bhatia, Maria Anna Bantounou, Niraj S. Kumar, Monika Dzalto, Roy L. Soiza
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jean M. Winter, Kathryn J. Cornthwaite, Graeme P. Young, Carlene Wilson, Gang Chen, Richard Woodman, Michelle Coats, Robert Fraser, Charles Cock, Peter Bampton, Erin L. Symonds
Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine the safety, cost-effectiveness, and patient acceptance of extending colonoscopy surveillance intervals using the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) for individuals at elevated risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Participants with a low FIT result will be randomized to either continue surveillance colonoscopy as scheduled or delay it by 1 or 2 years. The primary endpoint is the incidence of advanced neoplasia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Renato Lobrano, Panagiotis Paliogiannis, Angelo Zinellu, Giuseppe Palmieri, Ivana Persico, Arduino A. A. Mangoni, Antonio Cossu
Summary: Cutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS), the most common type of angiosarcoma, is being investigated for immunotherapy targeting programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 studies with 279 cases showed a pooled PD-L1 expression rate of 54% (95% CI 36-71%), but with high heterogeneity (I-2 = 84.81%, p < 0.001). Sub-group analysis revealed significantly lower PD-L1 expression in Asian studies (ES = 35%, 95% CI 28-42%, I-2 = 0.0%, p = 0.46) compared to European studies (ES = 71%, 95% CI 51-89%, I-2 = 48.91%, p = 0.12).
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Arduino A. Mangoni, Salvatore Sotgia, Angelo Zinellu, Ciriaco Carru, Gianfranco Pintus, Giovanni Damiani, Gian Luca Erre, Sara Tommasi
Summary: New evidence suggests a strong association between excessive inflammation, dysregulated immunity and the risk of cardiovascular events. Marketed drugs for rheumatological conditions, such as methotrexate, may have a similar impact on cardiovascular risk. Studies have shown that methotrexate is independently associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly in rheumatological patients, and has beneficial effects on vascular homeostasis and blood pressure control.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anagha Chinmayee, Selvarani Subbarayan, Phyo Kyaw Myint, Antonio Cherubini, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, Mirko Petrovic, Adalsteinn Gudmundsson, Stephen Byrne, Denis O'Mahony, Roy L. Soiza
Summary: This study compared the severity and type of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) between older multimorbid patients with and without diabetes, and evaluated the impact of ADRs on mortality, rehospitalization, and length of stay. The results showed that diabetic patients had significantly higher rates of ADRs, particularly symptomatic hypoglycemia and acute kidney injury. They also had higher mortality, which was mediated by ADRs causing AKI.
EUROPEAN GERIATRIC MEDICINE
(2023)
