Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Evelien Gielen, David Beckwee, Andreas Delaere, Sandra De Breucker, Maurits Vandewoude, Ivan Bautmans
Summary: This umbrella review provides an evidence-based overview of nutritional interventions targeting sarcopenia in individuals aged 65 years and older. Leucine is recommended to have a significant effect on muscle mass in elderly people with sarcopenia. Protein supplementation on top of resistance training is also recommended to increase muscle mass and strength, especially for obese individuals and when done for a duration of at least 24 weeks.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shu-Fen Chu, Tsan-Hon Liou, Hung-Chou Chen, Shih-Wei Huang, Chun-De Liao
Summary: In individuals with obesity and lower-limb osteoarthritis, a combination of diet plus resistance exercise, resistance exercise alone, and aerobic exercise alone are found to be the most effective treatments for increasing muscle mass, muscle strength, and walking speed. These findings suggest that DI+ET is beneficial overall for muscle mass in overweight or obese adults with lower-limb osteoarthritis, especially those who are undergoing weight management.
Review
Oncology
Xiaohang Liu, Xinyi Xu, Denise Shuk Ting Cheung, Pui Hing Chau, Mu-Hsing Ho, Naomi Takemura, Chia-Chin Lin
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of exercise, with or without dietary advice, on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical functioning in old cancer survivors. The results showed that exercise combined with dietary advice was more effective in improving physical functioning compared to exercise alone. Future research should focus on the effects of exercise combined with dietary advice on combating sarcopenia.
JOURNAL OF CANCER SURVIVORSHIP
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cong Wu, Katsuhiko Suzuki
Summary: Flavonoids may have a great potential to treat sarcopenia by improving skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dan Zeng, Xiao-Yu Ling, Zi-Long Fang, Yi-Fan Lu
Summary: The study aimed to analyze the effects of different forms of exercise on muscle strength and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia. Resistance training showed significant improvement in handgrip strength and timed up and go test, while comprehensive training and comprehensive training under self-management improved timed up and go test significantly. However, there were no significant changes in chair stand test and gait speed with any of the exercise training modes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicola Veronese, Ligia J. Dominguez, Saverio Ragusa, Luisa Solimando, Lee Smith, Francesco Bolzetta, Stefania Maggi, Mario Barbagallo
Summary: The study examined the relationship between dietary acrylamide intake and physical performance tests, revealing that higher intake was associated with poorer physical performance, suggesting a potential role for this food contaminant as a risk factor for sarcopenia.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
L. da Silva Goncalves, Leonardo Santos Lopes da Silva, C. J. Rodrigues Benjamim, M. F. Tasinafo Jr, L. Bohn, G. Ferreira Abud, G. U. Ortiz, E. C. de Freitas
Summary: Exercise training can decrease body fat and increase muscle strength, improving physical performance in older adults with sarcopenic obesity (SO).
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tomohiro Mitoma, Jota Maki, Hikaru Ooba, Eriko Eto, Kasumi Takahashi, Tsunemasa Kondo, Tomohiro Ikeda, Yoko Sakamoto, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Hisashi Masuyama
Summary: This study aims to examine the synergistic effect of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) and muscle resistance exercise (MRE) on lower-limb physical performance in older women with knee osteoarthritis. The results of this trial will confirm the benefit of short-term estrogen administration and provide an effective method to prevent lower-limb muscle weakness caused by osteoarthritis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yosuke Osuka, Narumi Kojima, Kyohsuke Wakaba, Daiji Miyauchi, Kiyoji Tanaka, Hunkyung Kim, Hiroyuki Ssasai
Summary: The study found that HMB improved gait performance in older women, but with minimal benefits and no enhancement in the effects of exercise on other outcomes. Exercise appeared to be the only effective intervention to improve outcomes in older women with low muscle mass.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Adrian Escriche-Escuder, Ivan J. Fuentes-Abolafio, Cristina Roldan-Jimenez, Antonio I. Cuesta-Vargas
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the impact of exercise on muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia according to the EWGSOP criteria. The results indicated a significant effect on physical performance, a moderate effect on muscle strength, but inconsistent effects on muscle mass. The evidence level ranged from low to high across these outcomes.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Hernandez-Alvarez, Juana Rosado-Perez, Graciela Gavia-Garcia, Taide Laurita Arista-Ugalde, Itzen Aguiniga-Sanchez, Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio, Victor Manuel Mendoza-Nunez
Summary: Human aging is a complex process involving biochemical and molecular changes driven by hallmarks of aging such as oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and telomere shortening. Sarcopenia, a disease associated with hallmarks of aging, significantly affects functionality and quality of life. The relationship between telomere length, sarcopenia, and age-related mortality is not well-studied. Moderate physical exercise has been found to have positive effects on sarcopenia, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and protecting telomeric DNA. This review presents the current state of knowledge on the impact of physical exercise on telomeric maintenance and repair mechanisms in sarcopenia.
Article
Immunology
Deok-Gie Kim, Shin Hwang, Kwang-Woong Lee, Gyu-seong Choi, Young Kyoung You, Je Ho Ryu, Bong-Wan Kim, Yang Won Nah, Dong-Sik Kim, Jai Young Cho, Koo Jeong Kang, Geun Hong, Hee Chul Yu, Man ki Ju, Suk-Won Suh, Kwan Woo Kim, Dongho Choi, Jaehong Jeong, Soo Jin Na Choi, Ju Ik Moon, Jae Geun Lee, Myoung soo Kim, Donglak Choi, Dong Jin Joo
Summary: Physical performance decline during the early posttransplantation period independently reduced survival rates, and posttransplantation complications were the main risk factors for this decline in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) recipients.
Article
Rehabilitation
Chun-De Liao, Hung-Chou Chen, Shih-Wei Huang, Tsan-Hon Liou
Summary: Exercise therapy effectively increased muscle mass in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but the treatment effects may be attenuated in those who have had the disease for a relatively long time. Meta-regression analyses indicated significant variance in treatment effects across studies, with disease duration as a significant explanatory factor.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Byung Chan Lee, Kang Hee Cho, Chang-Won Moon
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between different types of physical activity and osteosarcopenia. The researchers found that among community-dwelling Korean adults aged 65 years or older, the proportion of patients with osteosarcopenia who performed strengthening exercises was significantly lower.
Review
Orthopedics
Yu-Feng Long, Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow, Can Cui, Ronald Man Yeung Wong, Ling Qin, Sheung-Wai Law, Wing-Hoi Cheung
Summary: This systematic review investigates the effects of physical exercise on mitochondria during aging, highlighting the potential mechanisms through which exercise improves muscle performance by regulating mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium. The findings provide scientific support for using exercise as a timely intervention for sarcopenia, and offer insights for the development of new therapeutic interventions to attenuate sarcopenia.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRANSLATION
(2022)