Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wei Xie, Ce Zhang, Tian Wang, Jianshe Wang, Fenghua Fu
Summary: The cortex of adrenal gland produces various hormones that play important roles in regulating blood pressure, metabolism, and glucose or electrolyte homeostasis. The medulla secretes catecholamines. Abnormal secretion of these hormones can lead to diseases such as Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome, and congenital adrenal cortical hyperplasia.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Valeria Hasenmajer, Ilaria Bonaventura, Marianna Minnetti, Valentina Sada, Emilia Sbardella, Andrea M. Isidori
Summary: This review provides an overview on the current knowledge regarding the adrenal and extra-adrenal effects of ACTH. It focuses on the role of ACTH in adrenal rhythmicity, steroidogenesis, mineralocorticoids, and adrenal growth, as well as its effects on various extra-adrenal organs and tissues. The review suggests re-evaluating the role of ACTH in potential treatment strategies due to its noncanonical effects, which have been overlooked in previous studies.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jinbo Hu, Jiangqiong Chen, Qingfeng Cheng, Ying Jing, Jun Yang, Zhipeng Du, Ying Song, Linqiang Ma, Yi Yang, Ting Luo, Yue Wang, Qifu Li, Shumin Yang
Summary: This study compared the effects of ACTH bolus and infusion in AVS, finding similar success rates in cannulation and lateralization between the two methods, but a lower rate of transient adverse events in the infusion group. Therefore, continuous infusion should be recommended for ACTH stimulation in AVS.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shailendra Kumar Mishra, Vyshnavy Balendra, Josephine Esposto, Ahmad A. Obaid, Ricardo B. Maccioni, Niraj Kumar Jha, George Perry, Mahmoud Moustafa, Mohammed Al-Shehri, Mahendra P. Singh, Anmar Anwar Khan, Emanuel Vamanu, Sandeep Kumar Singh
Summary: Aging is a progressive physiological change in organisms, leading to alterations in normal biological functions and eventual cellular senescence. Nine hallmarks characterize this process, which are risk factors for diseases like cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Research focuses on genetic pathways and biological processes related to these hallmarks to address therapeutic approaches aimed at slowing down aging.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roberto Olmos, Nicolas Mertens, Anand Vaidya, Thomas Uslar, Paula Fernandez, Francisco J. Guarda, Alvaro Zuniga, Ignacio San Francisco, Alvaro G. Huete, Rene Baudrand
Summary: This study evaluates the discriminatory capacity of three-dimensional volumetry on computed tomography (CT) to identify possible autonomous cortisol excess (ACS) in patients with adrenal adenomas. The results show that CT volumetry of adrenal adenomas and contralateral adrenal glands has a high ability to identify ACS. The combination of CT volumetry and biochemical testing can substantially improve the identification of ACS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jung Soo Lim, Samuel W. Plaska, Juilee Rege, William E. Rainey, Adina F. Turcu
Summary: Somatic gene mutations that promote inappropriate intracellular calcium entrance have been found in most aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs). Angiotensin II and ACTH have been shown to increase aldosterone production from APAs, but responses to hormonal stimuli may vary based on different aldosterone-driver mutations. Transcript expression of AGTR1, MC2R, and MRAP differed in APAs with different mutations, suggesting that ATPase-mutated APAs may be more responsive to ACTH than KCNJ5-mutated APAs.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mitchell B. Lee, Cristal M. Hill, Alessandro Bitto, Matt Kaeberlein
Summary: Caloric restriction and other anti-aging diets can extend lifespan and delay age-related pathology. These diets offer new insights into the mechanisms of biological aging and potential clinical applications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juhyun Song, Dae Won Park, Jae-hyung Cha, Hyeri Seok, Joo Yeong Kim, Jonghak Park, Hanjin Cho
Summary: The study found that factors like age (>= 60 years), isolation period, dyspnoea, altered mentality, diabetes, malignancy, dementia, and ICU admission were associated with increased odds of mortality in COVID-19 patients. A multivariable regression equation including all potential variables predicted mortality, while the Cox proportional hazards model showed increasing hazard ratios for mortality associated with factors like dementia, ICU admission, age >= 60 years, malignancy, and dyspnoea.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kristian F. Axelsson, Marit Wallander, Helena Johansson, Nicholas C. Harvey, Liesbeth Vandenput, Eugene McCloskey, Enwu Liu, John A. Kanis, Henrik Litsne, Mattias Lorentzon
Summary: This study suggests that primary hyperparathyroidism is associated with an increased risk of fractures, cardiovascular events, and death. Parathyroidectomy is associated with a reduced risk of these outcomes.
Article
Allergy
Toshiya Miyake, Gyohei Egawa, Zachary Chow, Ryota Asahina, Masayuki Otsuka, Saeko Nakajima, Takashi Nomura, Rintaro Shibuya, Yoshihiro Ishida, Satoshi Nakamizo, Teruasa Murata, Akihiko Kitoh, Kenji Kabashima
Summary: The magnitude of adaptive cutaneous allergic response depends on the circadian rhythm, which may improve the management of allergic contact dermatitis in humans.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaomei Wang, Zhongshan Zhang, Shaoyong Zhang, Fan Yang, Min Yang, Junbo Zhou, Zuguang Hu, Xiaogang Xu, Genxiang Mao, Guangming Chen, Wenzhou Xiang, Xue Sun, Nianjun Xu
Summary: Marine organisms have unique chemicals that have potential antiaging properties. Various components like carbohydrates, proteins, pigments, flavonoids, fatty acids, and phenols from marine organisms have been shown to have antiaging effects in experimental models involving rats, fruit flies, and nematodes. There is potential for these natural ingredients from marine organisms to be used in nutraceuticals, functional foods, and cosmetics as alternatives to synthetic ingredients for consumer wellbeing.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuichiro Iwamoto, Fuminori Tatsumi, Takashi Itoh, Taku Sasaki, Shigehito Mori, Toshitomo Sugisaki, Erina Nakao, Mana Ohnishi, Takashi Kusano, Haruka Takenouchi, Hideyuki Iwamoto, Junpei Sanada, Yoshiro Fushimi, Yukino Katakura, Tomohiko Kimura, Masashi Shimoda, Shuhei Nakanishi, Kohei Kaku, Tomoatsu Mune, Hideaki Kaneto
Summary: Cushing's syndrome and subclinical Cushing's syndrome are caused by increased cortisol secretion from the adrenal glands. The study found a strong positive correlation between the cortisol / adrenocorticotropic hormone ratio (CAR) and cortisol levels in patients with AICS, suggesting a potential diagnostic value for identifying Cushing's syndrome. High CAR values were associated with increased cortisol secretion in AICS patients, indicating the potential utility of CAR as a screening tool for these conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Arturo Penco, Benedetta Bossini, Manuela Giangreco, Viviana Vidonis, Giada Vittori, Nicoletta Grassi, Maria Chiara Pellegrin, Elena Faleschini, Egidio Barbi, Gianluca Tornese
Summary: Pediatric endocrinology heavily relies on hormone stimulation tests, but the study found that using single basal hormone concentrations could potentially save up to half of the tests and significant costs. By analyzing the distribution and prevalence of endocrine stimulation tests, the study suggests that basal hormone determinations could help optimize resources and reduce unnecessary tests in pediatric patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Catherine D. Zhang, Dingfeng Li, Ravinder Jeet Kaur, Andreas Ebbehoj, Sumitabh Singh, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Sara J. Achenbach, William F. Young, Wiebke Arlt, Walter A. Rocca, Irina Bancos
Summary: Adrenal adenomas are associated with increased risks of hypertension, dysglycemia, cardiovascular events, and other adverse outcomes, although mortality rates do not differ significantly between patients with adrenal adenomas and referent subjects.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yongjie Xia, Yue Niu, Jing Cai, Cong Liu, Xia Meng, Renjie Chen, Haidong Kan
Summary: The study found that short-term exposure to low levels of ozone can lead to activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic-adrenal-medullary axis. Individual ozone exposure affects different levels of neurohormones, with personal ozone measurements showing larger effect estimates on neuroendocrine responses compared to fixed-site measurements.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
