Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qingqing Yan, Lin Jia, Biyan Wen, Yao Wu, Yanbo Zeng, Qing Wang
Summary: The study found that C. butyricum could protect against pancreatic and intestinal injury after SAP via downregulation of MMP9 in vitro and in vivo. However, the effects of C. butyricum on MMP9 knockout cells were not significant. These results suggest that gut microbiota may influence intestinal injury during SAP by modulating MMP9.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Siqi Wang, Leyang Xiang, Fang li, Wenlin Deng, Pinjing Lv, Ye Chen
Summary: This study found that levels of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly butyrate, are reduced, and normal colon structure is damaged in patients with CDI compared with those in healthy individuals. Bile acid (BA) metabolic disorder in patients with CDI is characterized by increased primary BA levels and decreased secondary BAs. Butyrate treatment may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for patients with CDI.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Srijita Basak, Debashrito Deb, Utkarsh Narsaria, Tamalika Kar, Filippo Castiglione, Indraneel Sanyal, Pratap D. Bade, Anurag P. Srivastava
Summary: Clostridium difficile infection is a major health-associated infection with high incidence and mortality rates. A chimeric vaccine candidate was designed using immunoinformatics, which showed stability and reliability in silico and molecular dynamics simulations. Docking studies demonstrated stable interactions with immune receptors, and in silico modeling indicated competent expression in E. coli system for potential immune response.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qingwen Yuan, Renjun Peng, Huijie Yu, Sinian Wang, Zhongmin Chen, Suhe Dong, Wei Li, Bo Cheng, Qisheng Jiang, Yuwen Cong, Fengsheng Li, Changzheng Li
Summary: The study demonstrates that disulfiram, an FDA-approved alcohol deterrent, shows radioprotective efficacy by affecting the cell cycle and regulating the DNA damage response and survival of intestinal stem cells. It could be a promising candidate for preventing radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) in cancer therapy and nuclear accidents.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jin Wan, Jiao Zhang, Qingsong Xu, Heng Yin, Daiwen Chen, Bing Yu, Jun He
Summary: The study demonstrates that alginate oligosaccharide can protect the intestinal mucosa from inflammatory injury induced by Escherichia coli and achieve this effect by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Melinda A. Engevik, Heather A. Danhof, Jennifer Auchtung, Bradley T. Endres, Wenly Ruan, Eugenie Basseres, Amy C. Engevik, Qinglong Wu, Maribeth Nicholson, Ruth Ann Luna, Kevin W. Garey, Sue E. Crawford, Mary K. Estes, Renate Lux, Mary Beth Yacyshyn, Bruce Yacyshyn, Tor Savidge, Robert A. Britton, James Versalovic
Summary: The study revealed that certain mucus-associated bacteria can promote colonization and biofilm formation of C difficile, with some patients infected with C difficile harboring high levels of Fusobacterium species. The interaction between pathogenic C difficile and F nucleatum in the intestinal mucus layer is shown to be unique.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jia Wan, Xi Yu, Jia-Qi Niu, Le Qiu, Fei Wang, Xu-Lin Chen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role and molecular mechanisms of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) in burn sepsis-induced intestinal injury. The results showed that BTK activation is closely associated with the histopathological changes, cellular apoptosis, inflammatory cytokine release, and oxidative stress induced by burn sepsis in the intestine.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Meng Wang, Zifeng Deng, Yanmei Li, Yi Ma, Jufang Wang
Summary: A novel lytic protein Cw1-CWB2 with high binding specificity and strong lytic activity has been designed in this study for combating C. difficile.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xu Yan, Tianjiao Lin, Qingyun Zhu, Yushi Zhang, Zhimin Song, Xinting Pan
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the functions and mechanisms of naringenin in protecting against severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)-related intestinal injury by modulating the AhR/NLRP3 signaling pathway. The results showed that naringenin reduced pancreatic and intestinal injury in mice by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and protecting intestinal tight junctions. Additionally, naringenin increased the nuclear translocation of AhR and activated the AhR pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miaoyu Li, Leilei Yu, Qixiao Zhai, Chuanqi Chu, Shunhe Wang, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Fengwei Tian, Wei Chen
Summary: Clinical antibiotics can damage the intestinal barrier, while prebiotic Ganoderma lucidum extracts can protect the barrier and reduce inflammation. The combination of prebiotic G. lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) and ciprofloxacin reverses the negative effects of ciprofloxacin alone, improves the concentration of barrier proteins, and increases the abundance of probiotic bacteria. This combination therapy alleviates side effects and enhances the efficacy of antibiotic treatment against Salmonella infection.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Paola Paone, Francesco Suriano, Ching Jian, Katri Korpela, Nathalie M. Delzenne, Matthias Van Hul, Anne Salonen, Patrice D. Cani
Summary: Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, and gut microbiota plays a key role in influencing the host energy homeostasis. In this study, it was found that prebiotic treatment with oligofructose (FOS) not only prevented high-fat diet induced obesity in mice but also increased the expression of genes involved in mucus production, glycosylation, secretion, and the differentiation and number of goblet cells. Additionally, FOS significantly changed the gut microbiota composition, increasing the abundance of bacterial genera associated with markers of the mucus layer. These findings suggest that targeting the mucus and the gut microbiota using prebiotics could be beneficial in preventing or mitigating obesity and related disorders.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammad Valibeknejad, Seyed Majid Abdoli, Reza Alizadeh, Silvia M. Mihaila, Amir Raoof
Summary: Pharmaceuticals and nutrients need to cross various barriers to enter and be eliminated from the body. The gastrointestinal mucosa acts as a critical barrier, facilitating nutrient transport and impeding the transit of toxins and bacteria. This study investigates the penetration of particles and drugs through the mucus layer, finding that internal fluid flow has a significant impact on particle transport, necessitating the consideration of convection mechanism for mass transfer.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yandan Zhang, Lingbing Zhang, Lejiao Mao, Jingchuan Fan, Xuejun Jiang, Na Li, Yinzhen Fan, Ziqi Jiang, Xia Qin, Feng Qiu, Yu Jiang, Gang Liu, Jun Zhang, Chengzhi Chen, Zhen Zou
Summary: The risks of exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are increasing with the development of nanotechnology. Inhaling ZnONPs can cause acute lung injury (ALI). The role of intestinal microbiota in ZnONP-induced ALI and the mechanism behind it are not fully understood. This study found that depletion of intestinal microbiota aggravated ZnONP-induced ALI, while restoration of intestinal microbiota had the opposite effect. Supplementation with propionic acid ameliorated ZnONP-induced ALI through its effects on macrophages. This research reveals a novel gut-lung axis mechanism and suggests potential remedy strategies for ZnONP-induced ALI.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wei Wu, Jiawei Zhou, Rongrong Xuan, Juanjuan Chen, Hui Han, Jingwangwei Liu, Tingting Niu, Haimin Chen, Feng Wang
Summary: Research suggests that kappa-CGN may not directly cause inflammation, but rather creates an environment that promotes inflammation by altering gut microbiota composition, leading to a decrease in short-chain fatty acids and thinning of the mucus layer. In the presence of pathogenic bacteria, the inflammation and mucosal damage are aggravated. Fecal transplantation from kappa-CGN-fed mice can reproduce these symptoms, which can be partially reversed by administering probiotics.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Yada Duangnumsawang, Juergen Zentek, Farshad Goodarzi Boroojeni
Summary: Intestinal mucus is critical for protecting epithelial surfaces, supporting commensal bacteria, maintaining digestion, and facilitating nutrient transport. Goblet cell development and mucus production in poultry are influenced by age and dietary factors, affecting the mucosal barrier's protective mechanisms. Research on the impact of age and dietary factors on mucosal integrity in poultry needs further investigation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)