期刊
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
卷 64, 期 2, 页码 196-206出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.05.015
关键词
cardiovascular risk assessment; LDL cholesterol; clinical practice guidelines; lipid management; special populations; gaps in care; cardiovascular disease prevention
资金
- Abbott
- Amarin
- Amgen
- Eli Lilly
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Genentech
- Merck
- Novartis
- Pfizer
- Regeneron
- Roche
- Sanofi-Synthelabo
- National Institutes of Health
- American Heart Association
- AtCor Medical
Managing risk related to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is vital in therapy for patients at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events given its important etiologic role in atherogenesis. Despite decades of research showing reduction of ASCVD risk with multiple approaches to lowering of LDL cholesterol, there continue to be significant gaps in care with inadequate numbers of patients receiving standard of care lipid-lowering therapy. Confusion regarding implementation of the multiple published clinical practice guidelines has been identified as one contributor to suboptimal management of LDL-related risk. This review summarizes the current guidelines for reduction of LDL-related cardiovascular risk provided by a number of major professional societies, which have broad applicability to diverse populations worldwide. Statements have varied in the process and methodology of development of recommendations, the grading system for level and strength of evidence, the inclusion or exclusion of expert opinion, the suggested ASCVD risk assessment tool, the lipoproteins recommended for risk assessment, and the lipoprotein targets of therapy. The similarities and differences among important guidelines in the United States and internationally are discussed, with recommendations for future strategies to improve consistency in approaches to LDL-related ASCVD risk and to reduce gaps in implementation of evidence-based therapies. (C) 2014 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
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