Review
Cell Biology
Jin Ma, Qiuxiong Chen, Shiyu Ma
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is strongly associated with atrial fibrosis, which plays a crucial role in the arrhythmogenic substrate and treatment of AF. Clinical evaluation methods and prevention options for atrial fibrosis are key factors in managing AF.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Antoine Premont, Samantha Balthes, Celia M. Marr, Kamalan Jeevaratnam
Summary: Atrial fibrillation is the most common pathological arrhythmia in horses, affecting their performance and safety. Recent advancements in equine cardiac electrophysiology offer hope for better understanding and treatment, but recurrence remains a challenge for veterinarians.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jorge G. Quintanilla, Shlomo Shpun, Jose Jalife, David Filgueiras-Rama
Summary: Modern cardiac electrophysiology has made significant advancements in understanding the mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (AF) and the debate between randomly propagating wavelets and deterministic rotors continues. Recent research supports the feasibility of targeting and ablating AF driver regions outside of pulmonary veins. New technologies and methodologies have provided platforms for clinicians to implement novel approaches in AF ablation procedures.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yanyan Ma, Ying Cao, Hong Gao, Rui Tong, Jing Yi, Zhongwei Zhang, Rui Chen, Zhijun Pan
Summary: This study investigated the effect of exosomes derived from sevoflurane-treated cardiac fibroblasts on reperfusion arrhythmias, ventricular conduction, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The results showed that sevoflurane-treated cardiac fibroblast-derived exosomes improved heart rate, reduced arrhythmias and improved ventricular conduction, as well as alleviated myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The expression and location of Connexin 43 may play a key role in these effects.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sina Safabakhsh, Pankaj Panwar, Scott Barichello, Sarabjit S. Sangha, Paul J. Hanson, Filip Van Petegem, Zachary Laksman
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The post-translational modification of proteins, especially protein phosphorylation, may explain how risk factors lead to AF. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a common and highly resolute technique for studying protein phosphorylation, and future research utilizing MS technology aims to better understand the role of phosphorylation in the pathophysiology of AF.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Takashi Nitta, Shun-ichiro Sakamoto, Hiroshige Murata, Kenji Suzuki, Naoki Yamada, Yuki Iwasaki, Yosuke Ishii
Summary: Left ventricular summit VT, originating from the most superior region of the left ventricle, surrounded by major coronary arteries and veins, is frequently refractory to traditional therapies and requires alternative treatment methods.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jieyun Bai, Yaosheng Lu, Yijie Zhu, Huijin Wang, Dechun Yin, Henggui Zhang, Diego Franco, Jichao Zhao
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia with genetic predispositions playing a major role in its development. Genetic variants near the PITX2 gene on chromosome 4q25 have been identified in association with AF populations. Computational models are useful for understanding the functional impacts of PITX2 and may lead to improved anti-AF therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cherry Alexander, Martin J. Bishop, Rebecca J. Gilchrist, Francis L. Burton, Godfrey L. Smith, Rachel C. Myles
Summary: This study demonstrates that activation of L-type calcium channels (LTCC) at sites displaying steep voltage gradients generates premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) which induce polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (TdP), providing a mechanism and rationale for using LTCC blockers as a novel therapeutic approach in long QT syndrome (LQTS).
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Loryn J. Bohne, Hailey J. Jansen, Tristan W. Dorey, Irene M. Daniel, K. Lockhart Jamieson, Darrell D. Belke, Megan D. Mcrae, Robert A. Rose
Summary: This study demonstrates that GLP-1 and its analogues can reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation and prevent atrial remodeling in patients with type 2 diabetes.
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Laura F. Halperin, Andrew D. Krahn, Zachary W. Laksman
Summary: The image showcases a 38-year-old female with ventricular fibrillation who had an implantable loop recorder inserted due to recurrent syncope, and was ultimately diagnosed with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, a rare inherited arrhythmia disorder.
CARDIOLOGY IN THE YOUNG
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicholas Y. Tan, Georgios Christopoulos, Thomas P. Ladas, Zhi Jiang, Alan M. Sugrue, Jason A. Tri, Elena G. Tolkacheva, Freddy Del-Carpio Munoz, Christopher J. McLeod, Samuel J. Asirvatham, Christopher V. DeSimone
Summary: By mapping ventricular fibrillation in canines, it was found that there are significant regional changes in electrical activity throughout VF, with the fastest electrical activity transitioning from the RV to the LV apical regions. These findings provide novel insights for further evaluation of temporal and spatial changes of VF in diseased hearts.
CIRCULATION-ARRHYTHMIA AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dania Kallas, Avani Lamba, Thomas M. Roston, Alia Arslanova, Sonia Franciosi, Glen F. Tibbits, Shubhayan Sanatani
Summary: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare and potentially lethal inherited arrhythmia disease characterized by exercise or emotion-induced ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Most CPVT patients have pathogenic variants in the genes encoding cardiac ryanodine receptor or calsequestrin 2, leading to mishandling of calcium in cardiomyocytes and resulting in arrhythmias. Despite decades of research, risk stratification is imprecise and long-term prognosis remains unknown for pediatric CPVT patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ulrich Schotten, Seungyup Lee, Stef Zeemering, Albert L. Waldo
Summary: Determining the sequence of activation in atrial fibrillation (AF) is vital for understanding its electrophysiological mechanism(s), but the complex nature of electrograms has posed challenges. Different approaches have led to varied interpretations of AF mechanisms, with a lack of a comprehensive consensus. Traditional views propose multiple wavelets, various types of re-entry, but a universally accepted paradigm for AF mechanisms is still missing.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guilherme L. Fialho, Trudy D. Pang, Wan Yee Kong, Anthony P. Tran, Calvin G. Yu, Ivo D. Rodriguez, Bruce D. Nearing, Jonathan W. Waks, Timothy R. Maher, John-Ross Clarke, Alyssa Shepherd, Andre D'Avila, Steven C. Schachter, Richard L. Verrier
Summary: Identification of epilepsy patients with increased risk for atrial fibrillation is crucial. The study found that epilepsy patients have P-wave heterogeneity levels comparable to atrial fibrillation patients, indicating possible structural changes and cardiac electrical instability in epilepsy.
Article
Physiology
S. Pagani, L. Dede', A. Frontera, M. Salvador, L. R. Limite, A. Manzoni, F. Lipartiti, G. Tsitsinakis, A. Hadjis, P. Della Bella, A. Quarteroni
Summary: A novel computational approach is proposed to predict the induction and sustainment of atrial fibrillation by setting a parametrization based on conduction velocities. Substrate characteristics play a key role in inducing and sustaining these arrhythmias, with localized reentries being less frequent and stable in paroxysmal AF and anchoring themselves in areas of slow conduction in persistent AF.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Miriam R. Smetak, C. Burton Wood, Edward T. Qian, Robert J. Lentz, Shiayin F. Yang, Irving Basanez
ENT-EAR NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sofia E. Gomez, Muhammad Fazal, Julio C. Nunes, Shayena Shah, Alexander C. Perino, Sanjiv M. Narayan, Kamala P. Tamirisa, Janet K. Han, Fatima Rodriguez, Tina Baykaner
Summary: Disparities in rate and rhythm control of atrial fibrillation exist among different racial and ethnic groups as well as between genders. Women and historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups are inadequately represented in clinical trials, leading to underestimated prevalence findings.
JOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Udi Nussinovitch, Paul Wang, Meghedi Babakhanian, Sanjiv M. Narayan, Mohan Viswanathan, Nitish Badhwar, Lijun Zheng, William H. Sauer, Duy T. Nguyen
Summary: Research found that the needle-tipped ablation catheter (NT-AC) could create larger and deeper ablation lesions in papillary muscle ablation compared to the traditional open-irrigated ablation catheter (OI-AC). This may be another potential application for needle-tip ablation. Further studies are necessary to establish long-term safety and efficacy in human subjects.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Kelly C. Landeen, Miriam R. Smetak, Niobra M. Keah, Seth J. Davis, Karthik Shastri, Priyesh Patel, Scott J. Stephan, Shiayin F. Yang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the use, resources, and barriers of social media among facial plastic surgeons. The results showed that most practitioners use professional social media, particularly Instagram and Facebook. Doctors working in private practice were more likely to use social media, with access to more resources and fewer institutional barriers.
ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maarten Z. H. Kolk, Sanjiv M. Narayan, Paul Clopton, Arthur A. M. Wilde, Reinoud E. Knops, Fleur V. Y. Tjong
Summary: Remote monitoring for ICDs can detect disease progression and device dysfunction early. This study found that in a real-world population, remote monitoring was associated with a reduction in all-cause and cardiac mortality compared to traditional office visits.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Muhammad Fazal, Chen Wei, Katherine Lee Chuy, Kifah Hussain, Sofia E. Gomez, Shayena Shah Ba, Grzegorz Pietrasik, Neha Yadav, Zaniar Ghazizadeh, Ridhima Kapoor, Ronald M. Witteles, Amanda Blackmon, Paul J. Wang, Roy M. John, Sanjiv M. Narayan, Paul Cheng, June-Wha Rhee, Tina Baykaner
Summary: This study described five detailed cases of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) related to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) use in patients with varied cardiovascular risk factors. The study found that all patients had significant improvement in VA burden after cessation of TKI therapy, but two patients required long-term antiarrhythmic drug therapy and one patient had an implantable defibrillator cardioverter (ICD) placed. The authors emphasized the need to acknowledge the association between TKIs and cardiovascular complications and to deploy preventive and therapeutic measures.
JOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Elizabeth West Ellis, Miriam R. R. Smetak, Alexandra Alving-Trinh, Michael Golinko, James D. D. Phillips, Ryan H. H. Belcher
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the onset and prevalence of conductive hearing loss (CHL) in pediatric patients with cleft palate (CP) prior to palatoplasty using an enhanced audiologic protocol. The findings showed that even with newborn hearing screening (NBHS), CHL was still present in infants with CP pre-operatively. Therefore, earlier and more frequent testing is recommended for this population.
CLEFT PALATE CRANIOFACIAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Prasanth Ganesan, Brototo Deb, Ruibin Feng, Miguel Rodrigo, Samuel Ruiperez-Campillo, Albert J. Rogers, Paul Clopton, Paul J. Wang, Stef Zeemering, Ulrich Schotten, Wouter-Jan Rappel, Sanjiv M. Narayan
Summary: This study aims to determine whether there are pathophysiological signatures associated with the clinical spectrum of atrial tachyarrhythmias. The results show that the size of spatial regions showing repetitive synchronized electrogram shapes decreases from patients with atrial tachycardia to atrial fibrillation patients who respond to ablation, to atrial fibrillation patients without acute response. These findings provide a platform for comparing mapping tools and mechanisms among different atrial fibrillation patient groups.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Udi Nussinovitch, Paul Wang, Meghedi Babakhanian, Sanjiv M. M. Narayan, Mohan Viswanathan, Nitish Badhwar, Lijun Zheng, William H. H. Sauer, Duy T. T. Nguyen
Summary: The flow rate of the surrounding fluid in different environments has an impact on the effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation, with smaller lesions observed under high flow conditions. In the absence of flow, smaller lesions were produced by the 4 mm and open irrigated catheters, while larger lesions were observed with the 8 mm catheter. In an in vivo model, ablation performed in an environment with fluid circulation resulted in smaller lesions. These findings have significant implications for the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Orod Razeghi, Ridhima Kapoor, Mahmood I. Alhusseini, Muhammad Fazal, Siyi Tang, Caroline H. Roney, Albert J. Rogers, Anson Lee, Paul J. Wang, Paul Clopton, Daniel L. Rubin, Sanjiv M. Narayan, Steven Niederer, Tina Baykaner
Summary: Machine learning approaches integrating CT images and patient-specific clinical data can predict the outcomes of AF ablation and assist in developing personalized treatment strategies.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Maarten Z. H. Kolk, Brototo Deb, Samuel Ruiperez-Campillo, Neil K. Bhatia, Paul Clopton, Arthur A. M. Wilde, Sanjiv M. Narayan, Reinoud E. Knops, Fleur V. Y. Tjong
Summary: This study assesses the application of machine learning and deep learning models in predicting malignant ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac arrest. The findings suggest that these models can accurately predict such events, but the heterogeneity between studies and issues related to data set selection and model choice need to be addressed in future research.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Miriam R. R. Smetak, Shanik J. J. Fernando, Matthew R. R. O'Malley, Marc L. L. Bennett, David S. S. Haynes, Christopher T. T. Wootten, Frank W. W. Virgin, Robert T. T. Dwyer, Benoit M. M. Dawant, Jack H. H. Noble, Robert F. F. Labadie
Summary: Objective: To investigate the impact of revision surgery with the same device on key indicators of electrode positioning in cochlear implantation. Methods: Retrospective analysis of a cochlear implant database at a university-based tertiary medical center. Intra-operative CT scans were used to compare initial and revision electrode array (EA) positioning. Results: No significant change was found in scalar location and mean modiolar distance ((M) over bar) after revision surgery. However, there was a risk of translocation and five cases exhibited changes in electrode positioning. Conclusions: Revision cochlear implantation with a different style of electrode did not result in significant changes in key indicators of electrode positioning. However, there may be an increased risk of translocation in revision cases.
COCHLEAR IMPLANTS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sunil K. Vasireddi, Shana Greif, Muhammad Fazal, Chen Wei, Sofia Gomez, Shayena Shah, Albert J. Rogers, Sanjiv M. Narayan, Paul J. Wang, Ridhima Kapoor, Tina Baykaner
JOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Brototo Deb, Sunil Vasireddi, Neal K. Bhatia, A. J. Rogers, Paul Clopton, Tina Baykaner, Prasanth Ganesan, Ruibin Feng, Zahra Azizi, Sanjiv M. Narayan
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chen Wei, Muhammad Fazal, Alexander Loh, Ridhima Kapoor, Sofia Elena Gomez, Shayena Shah, Albert J. J. Rogers, Sanjiv M. M. Narayan, Paul J. J. Wang, Ronald M. M. Witteles, Alexander C. C. Perino, Paul Cheng, June-Wha Rhee, Tina Baykaner
Summary: This study compared the arrhythmia burden in patients receiving ibrutinib, non-BTK TKIs, or non-TKI therapies. The results showed that patients receiving ibrutinib had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, and a higher rate of treatment interruption due to arrhythmias.
JOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)