Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ke Mo, Yu Zhang, Zheng Dong, Yuhang Yang, Xiaoqiang Ma, Ben L. Feringa, Depeng Zhao
Summary: Scientists have designed synthetic molecular motors that can be driven by chemical energy and have intrinsic control over the direction of rotation, simple autonomous motion, and near-perfect unidirectionality. This study demonstrates the potential for future generations of multicomponent machines to perform mechanical functions.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ruslan Garifullin, Mustafa O. Guler
Summary: This review discusses the use of self-assembling peptide molecules and electroactive units in supramolecular functional electronic and optical materials, with potential biomedical and bioelectronics applications.
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Traian Constantin, Mihai Pavalean, Stefana Bucur, Maria Magdalena Constantin, Alin Codrut Nicolescu, Irina Pacu, Victor Madan
Summary: Bladder cancer animal models can be categorized as either autochthonous or non-autochthonous, with the non-autochthonous models further classified into syngeneic and xenograft models. These models have different characteristics and applications based on the type of tumor implantation.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mariusz Ksiazek
Summary: The author explores the potential use of polymerized sulfur waste as a biocompatible material in biomaterial production, particularly in surgical applications. Experimental studies have demonstrated that polymerized sulfur waste shows promise as a biocomposite, opening up new possibilities for the industry.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alana N. Vagnozzi, Jian-Guo Li, Jin Chiu, Roshanak Razmpour, Rebecca Warfield, Servio H. Ramirez, Domenico Pratico
Summary: VPS35 plays a crucial role in tau metabolism and neuropathology, with its overexpression reducing pathological tau in neuronal cells while genetic silencing leads to accumulation. The availability of active cathepsin D mediates the effect of VPS35 on pathological tau accumulation, making it a potential therapeutic target for human tauopathies.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Etedal Ahmed A. Ibrahim, Ghada A. Mutaal Badri, Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed, Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla Omer
Summary: The study found that environmental conditions were the most common triggers of migraine headache among Sudanese patients, while Acetaminophen was the most commonly used drug for relieving migraine in this population. The majority of patients were female (80%), aged 26-35 years (56.9%), and a significant proportion were housewives (40%).
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Ahmad Fekry Moussa, Ibrahim Suleiman Al Qatawneh, Moustafa Elmetwaly Kandeel
Summary: This study focuses on the procedural necessity of primary investigations in the Arab countries, particularly in Egypt. It analyzes the position of the Arab procedural legislation and judiciary systems regarding procedural necessity and argues against expanding discretionary powers that may lead to abuse of officials and restrict individual rights and freedoms.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yin Lu, Qin Ma, Xiaolu Xu, Zhefu Yu, Tianjiao Guo, Yangkai Wu
Summary: The study showed that exposure to poly styrene microplastics (PS-MPs) can lead to increased apoptosis and cell death, higher micronucleus rate, and reduced mitotic index in V. faba root cells. Additionally, it causes significant oxidative stress by altering the expression of antioxidant enzymes and genes related to cell cycle and DNA repair.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gabriel Koch Ocker
Summary: This study presents a statistical field theory for networks of integrate-and-fire neurons with stochastic spike emission, revealing the impact of spike-driven reset of the membrane voltage on population activity. The study uncovers bistability and fluctuation effects in the mean-field dynamics, as well as the roles of spike resets and recurrent inhibition in stabilizing network activity. It also calculates the phase diagram for inhibitory stabilization and finds that wide regions of parameter space exhibit inhibition-stabilized regime.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
James Dufty, Jeffrey Wrighton, Kai Luo
Summary: This article considers definitions for local pressure in an inhomogeneous fluid, covering both equilibrium and local equilibrium states, and reconciles thermodynamic and mechanical (hydrodynamic) contexts. Remaining problems and uncertainties in the topic are also discussed.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter C. Chu
Summary: In ocean dynamics, two different treatments are found for horizontal pressure gradient force and gravity, with vertical component being much larger than horizontal in both cases. Horizontal pressure gradient force is considered dominant, while horizontal gravity is completely omitted in oceanography. The importance of horizontal gravity is identified using a non-dimensional C number, with global data showing an unexpectedly large C number around 24.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Olga Garanina, Nidal Al Said, Valery Stepenko, Marija Troyanskaya
Summary: The study developed and tested an original model illustrating personality development in the information society, finding that its implementation increased students' use of resources for personal growth. The model's practical value lies in its applicability to higher education systems in various countries, especially in the context of distance learning and social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jiangkuan Xing, Ryoichi Kurose, Kun Luo, Jianren Fan
Summary: Researchers have developed a new tool for establishing solid fuel conversion kinetics from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements using chemistry-informed machine learning approaches. The derived pyrolysis kinetics accurately reproduce the pyrolysis process for different biomass types and demonstrate advantages in predicting volatiles yield.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julian Klingbeil, Max-Lennart Brandt, Max Wawrzyniak, Anika Stockert, Hans R. Schneider, Petra Baum, Karl-Titus Hoffmann, Dorothee Saur
Summary: Lesions in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex increase the risk of depressive symptoms 6 months poststroke, while lesions within the right hemisphere are unrelated to depressive symptoms. Early prediction factors for poststroke depression include depressive symptoms within the first 4 weeks poststroke.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muhammad Aslam
Summary: A new F-test method for two counts data from the Poisson distribution under classical statistics is proposed in this paper. The test is applicable in situations where the count data is uncertain, in the interval, or indeterminate, and it has been shown to be efficient in application and comparison studies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
So-Eun Son, Nam-Jung Kim, Dong-Soon Im
Summary: The discovery of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for free fatty acids in the early 21st century led to a new field of research and significant implications for drug discovery. Free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4, GPR120) plays a crucial role in regulating obesity-induced metaflammation and GLP-1 secretion, making it an important target for drug development. Various FFA4 agonists have been developed and studied for their potential applications in pathophysiology and drug discovery.
BIOMOLECULES & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Young Min Kim, Hyung-Seok Yoo, Seung Hwan Son, Ga Yeong Kim, Hyu Jeong Jang, Dong Hwan Kim, Soo Dong Kim, Boyoung Y. Park, Nam-Jung Kim
Summary: 2-Aryl-2,3-dihydroquinolin-4(1H)-ones have been identified as important structures with potent biological activities. In this study, 25 novel N-Tf 2-aryl-2,3-dihydroquinolin-4(1H)-ones were efficiently synthesized via oxidative aza-Michael cyclization. This methodology offers advantages such as short reaction times and suitable functional group tolerance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Eun-Hee Kim, Su-Jung Kim, Hye-Kyung Na, Wonshik Han, Nam-Jung Kim, Young-Ger Suh, Young-Joon Surh
Summary: The study found that 15d-PGJ2 activates VEGF expression through NRF2-driven induction of HO-1 in human breast cancer cells, suggesting a novel oncogenic mechanism. Elevated levels of 15d-PGJ2 during the inflammatory response were linked to poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients. Levels of 15d-PGJ2, COX-2, NRF2, and HO-1 were found to be increased in human breast cancer tissues.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ga Yeong Kim, Chae Won Song, Yo-Sep Yang, Na-Rae Lee, Hyung-Seok Yoo, Seung Hwan Son, Soo Jin Lee, Jong Seon Park, Jong Kil Lee, Kyung-Soo Inn, Nam-Jung Kim
Summary: A series of PROTACs consisting of bicalutamide analogs and thalidomides were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their ability to degrade androgen receptor in cancer cells. Among them, compound 13b showed targeted degradation of AR in AR-positive cancer cells, suggesting its potential as a chemical probe for AR-dependent cancer cells and a therapeutic candidate for prostate cancers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seung Hwan Son, Ji Min Do, Ji-Na Yoo, Hyun Woo Lee, Nam Kwon Kim, Hyung-Seok Yoo, Min Sung Gee, Jong-Ho Kim, Ji Hye Seong, Kyung-Soo Inn, Min-Duk Seo, Jong Kil Lee, Nam-Jung Kim
Summary: Polyhydroxyisoflavones synthesized in this study effectively prevented the aggregation of both amyloid beta and tau, with an ortho-catechol containing isoflavone scaffold proving crucial for this prevention. Further analysis indicated that the compound could directly inhibit the formation of A beta fibrils and tau-derived neurofibrils, potentially through catechol-mediated nucleation of tau. Additionally, the compound was shown to alleviate cognitive impairment and pathologies related to Alzheimer's disease in a transgenic mouse model.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Eunbi Cho, Kumju Youn, Huiyoung Kwon, Jieun Jeon, Wan-Seob Cho, Se Jin Park, Seung Hwan Son, Dae Sik Jang, Chan Young Shin, Minho Moon, Mira Jun, Nam-Jung Kim, Dong Hyun Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effects of eugenitol in an AD mouse model and found that it inhibits the formation of A beta plaques and reduces neuronal cell death. In silico docking simulation showed that eugenitol may interact with A beta monomers and fibrils.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Min Jae Jeon, Hyelim Lee, Jeehee Lee, Soo Yeon Baek, Donghee Lee, Seongman Jo, Joo-Youn Lee, Miso Kang, Hee Ra Jung, Soo Bong Han, Nam-Jung Kim, Sanghee Lee, Hyejin Kim
Summary: Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein that plays important roles in cancer immunotherapy. Researchers have synthesized and characterized STING modulators that stimulate downstream signaling and promote immune responses, suggesting their therapeutic potential for cancer treatment.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ju-Hyun Lee, Seung-Hwan Son, Nam-Jung Kim, Dong-Soon Im
Summary: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder. Traditional Chinese medicines for AD therapy have been found to suppress MAPKs and NF-.B. This study examined the effect of the p38 MAPK inhibitor NJK14047 on AD-like skin lesions induced in mice and found that it effectively suppressed AD symptoms and reduced cytokine levels.
BIOMOLECULES & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Soo Lim Kim, Yo-Sep Yang, Sujin Lee, Nam-Jung Kim
Summary: The research team designed and synthesized 16 analogs of EGFR mutant inhibitors, identifying 9a, 9b, and 20b as inhibitors for EGFR L858R/T790M/C797S mutations, and 10a and 10b as inhibitors for multiple mutation types. Additionally, a molecular docking study on a plausible binding mode of the compounds was provided.
BULLETIN OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ju-Hyun Lee, Seung-Hwan Son, Nam-Jung Kim, Dong-Soon Im
Summary: p38 MAPK plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Inhibition of p38 MAPK with NJK14047 can effectively suppress the development of allergic asthma. However, NJK14047 has no effect on ORMDL3 regulation and sphingolipid biosynthesis.
BIOMOLECULES & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hee Jin Jeong, Hye Lim Lee, Sung Joon Kim, Jeong Hyun Jeong, Su Hyun Ji, Han Byeol Kim, Miso Kang, Hwan Won Chung, Chan Sun Park, Hyunah Choo, Hyo Jae Yoon, Nam-Jung Kim, Duck-Hyung Lee, Sang Hee Lee, Seo-Jung Han
Summary: In this study, novel ENPP1 inhibitors were designed and synthesized to stimulate the STING pathway and inhibit tumor growth. The compound 18p showed high potency against ENPP1 and activated the STING pathway, leading to the induction of cytokines and inhibition of tumor growth in a mouse model.
JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Yoon Hu Jang, Yo-Sep Yang, Seung Hwan Son, Hyung-Seok Yoo, Jeong-Won Shin, Hyuck-Jae Won, Soo Lim Kim, Changjin Lim, Nam-Jung Kim
Summary: This study reports an unprecedented approach to synthesizing xanthone scaffold from cyclohexyl(2-hydroxyphenyl)methanone through dehydrogenative cyclization and aromatization cascade. This method offers a novel route with a high atom-economic manner and a wide substrate scope.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Yo-Sep Yang, Sangmin Lee, Seung Hwan Son, Hyung-Seok Yoo, Yoon Hu Jang, Jeong-Won Shin, Hyuck-Jae Won, Jaehoon Sim, Nam-Jung Kim
Summary: A ligand-controlled direct arylation of indoles via Pd(ii)-catalyzed oxidative boron Heck reaction under aerobic conditions is reported. This methodology provides a regiodivergent route for C2 or C3 aryl indoles in a protection-free and acid/base free manner.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Ryan-Simkins, Thomas Magliery
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charu Jain, Nishanthi Panneerselvam, Thomas Magliery