Review
Infectious Diseases
Matthew S. Linz, Arun Mattappallil, Diana Finkel, Dane Parker
Summary: The most common pathogen in skin-and-soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) in the United States is the pathogenic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The epidemic clone USA300 is responsible for the majority of S. aureus SSTIs in the USA. These infections can be serious, with a global age-standardized mortality rate of 0.5 in 2019. S. aureus SSTIs can present as superficial infections with local symptoms or as monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis, which can cause systemic manifestations and potentially lead to complications or death. Treatment for S. aureus SSTIs usually involves oral therapy, with severe cases requiring parenteral therapy. Treatment options range from cephalosporins and penicillin agents such as oxacillin for methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), to vancomycin for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Treatment challenges include adverse effects, risk for Clostridioides difficile infection, and antibiotic resistance.
Article
Dermatology
Michael H. Storandt, Christopher D. Walden, Abe E. Sahmoun, James R. Beal
Summary: This study examines the trends and risk factors of antibiotic treatment for skin and soft tissue infections in the United States. The results show that providers more frequently utilize antibiotics with MRSA coverage for SSTIs. The region and age are associated with antibiotic choice, with MRSA coverage antibiotics more likely to be prescribed in the South, and older individuals are more likely to receive antibiotics with MSSA coverage.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Chih-Ming Yueh, Hsin Chi, Nan-Chang Chiu, Fu-Yuan Huang, Daniel Tsung-Ning Huang, Lung Chang, Yen-Hsin Kung, Ching-Ying Huang
Summary: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of children hospitalized with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), and to determine if certain clinical and laboratory variables at admission could differentiate between community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) and community-acquired methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (CA-MSSA). The study found that the age group 0-1 month and local lymph node reaction were independent factors for differentiating between CA-MRSA and CA-MSSA infections.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wei Su, Ying Liu, Qing Wang, Lin Yuan, Wei Gao, Kai H. Yao, Yong H. Yang, Lin Ma
Summary: The surveillance network for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in pediatric patients was established in China in 2009 to monitor epidemiological changes. The study aimed to assess the present antibiotic sensitivity and molecular characteristics of S. aureus and MRSA from SSTIs in children nationwide, and track changes over the past decade.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sholpan S. Kaliyeva, Alyona Lavrinenko, Yerbol Tishkambayev, Gulzira Zhussupova, Aissulu Issabekova, Dinara Begesheva, Natalya Simokhina
Summary: Bacterial skin and soft tissue inflammatory diseases are major causes of hospitalizations in emergency departments. This study aimed to identify the differences in microbial landscape and antibiotic susceptibility among pathogens causing soft tissue infections in adults and children from 2018 to 2020. The findings showed a higher proportion of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains in children compared to adults. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was not detected in children, but accounted for 12.5% of cases in adults. Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumanii were the main causes of infection in adults, with significant levels of multidrug resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Ye Jin, Wangxiao Zhou, Qing Zhan, Beiwen Zheng, Yunbo Chen, Qixia Luo, Ping Shen, Yonghong Xiao
Summary: Since 2010, MRSA ST59 has gradually replaced ST239 to become the dominant clone in most hospitals in China. ST59 clones demonstrate higher susceptibility to antibiotics, and the detection of virulence factors suggests that sak and chp genes may contribute to their successful spread.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Peng Gao, Yuanxin Wei, Sherlock Shing Chiu Tai, Pradeep Halebeedu Prakash, Ho Ting Venice Iu, Yongli Li, Hin Cheung Bill Yam, Jonathan Hon Kwan Chen, Pak Leung Ho, Julian Davies, Richard Yi Tsun Kao
Summary: The combination of antivirulence agent M21 and antibiotics showed promising results in reducing the pathogenicity of antibiotic-induced S. aureus infections in experiments and animal models. Unlike traditional antibiotic adjuvants, M21 does not synergistically inhibit bacterial growth in vitro but effectively benefits the host in vivo by suppressing antibiotic-induced virulence.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ashwini Rahul Akkineni, Janina Spangenberg, Michael Geissler, Saskia Reichelt, Hubert Buechner, Anja Lode, Michael Gelinsky
Summary: Soft tissue infections in trauma patients, such as those in open fractures or burns, require sustained, long-term delivery of antimicrobial agents. Novel approaches for antibiotic delivery via wound coverage/healing scaffolds, such as 3D core/shell extrusion printing, have been developed to address issues with traditional delivery methods. These new scaffolds show sustained release characteristics and could potentially revolutionize treatment strategies for soft tissue infections.
Article
Immunology
Elke S. Bergmann-Leitner, Eugene V. Millar, Elizabeth H. Duncan, David R. Tribble, Patrick M. Carey, Michael W. Ellis, Katrin Mende, Jason W. Bennett, Sidhartha Chaudhury
Summary: This study demonstrates the power of immunoprofiling for identifying predictive factors of the pre-illness state of SSTI, thus identifying early stages of infection and individuals susceptible to SSTI.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Paolo Spinnato, Dakshesh B. Patel, Maddalena Di Carlo, Alessandra Bartoloni, Luca Cevolani, George R. Matcuk, Amandine Crombe
Summary: Musculoskeletal soft-tissue infections are common conditions encountered in emergency departments and clinical settings, and imaging plays a key role in diagnosis and assessment.
Article
Immunology
Sandra Dellsperger, Simea Kramer, Michael Stoller, Annika Burger, Elio Geissbuehler, Isabel Amsler, Anna Hirsig, Linda Weyer, Ursula Hebeisen, Philipp Aebi, Nicolas Burgherr, Fabienne Bruegger, Edouard Chaix, Jerome Salamoni, Sandra Glauser, Annina Elisabeth Buchi, Charles Beguelin, Gabriel Waldegg, Bernhard Kessler, Martin Egger, Parham Sendi
Summary: This study utilized an algorithm-based decision tree to switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics within 48 hours for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in hospitalized patients. The analysis of clinical and biochemical response data indicated that this approach was successful in reducing the duration of antibiotic treatment and hospitalization in 95% of cases.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chenghua Song, Ruichao Wen, Jiaxuan Zhou, Xiaoyan Zeng, Zi Kou, Jia Zhang, Tao Wang, Pengkang Chang, Yi Lv, Rongqian Wu
Summary: The antimicrobial activity and mechanism of a novel synthetic peptide GK-19, derived from scorpion venom-derived peptide AamAP1, were evaluated. GK-19 showed inhibitory effects on bacterial growth and fungi by disrupting the microbial cell membrane. It exhibited low toxicity to mammalian cells, low hemolytic activity, high stability in plasma, and significant antimicrobial and healing effects in mice models of skin and soft tissue infections.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Tomas Urbina, Keyvan Razazi, Clement Ourghanlian, Paul-Louis Woerther, Olivier Chosidow, Raphael Lepeule, Nicolas de Prost
Summary: Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) are rare and life-threatening bacterial infections characterized by extensive tissue necrosis. Treatment requires broad-spectrum antibiotics, rapid surgical debridement, and management of organ failures. Antibiotic therapy faces challenges such as broad-spectrum activity, toxin reduction, and optimal tissue diffusion.
Article
Microbiology
Haniyeh Khalili, Shahin Najar-Peerayeh, Mona Mahrooghi, Parvin Mansouri, Bita Bakhshi
Summary: The prevalence of S. aureus strains, including MRSA, was high among patients with skin and soft-tissue infections. These strains were resistant to antibiotics, contained various toxin genes, and were able to form biofilms, potentially playing a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various skin diseases.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Rameshwari Verma, Santosh Kumar Verma, Kadalipura P. Rakesh, Yarabahally R. Girish, Milad Ashrafizadeh, Kothanahally S. Sharath Kumar, Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa
Summary: MRSA poses a deadly threat to humanity due to its easy transmission and resistance to antibiotics, including vancomycin. The development of new, efficient, and nontoxic drug candidate to fight against MRSA isolates is urgently needed. Research on pyrazole-containing derivatives has shown promise in combating MRSA with a broad antibacterial movement.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael L. Parchman, Lorella G. Palazzo, Jessica M. Mogk, Janna C. Webbon, Lauren Demosthenes, Elizabeth Vossenkemper, George Hoke, Joshua Moskovitz, Leslie Dunlap, Roberto Diaz del Carpio
Summary: This study aims to explore the strategies used by clinician champions in reducing the use of low-value care. The findings suggest that clinician champions use various important strategies, such as engaging in conversations with stakeholders, including patients in intervention design, and investing time in planning and launching initiatives.
SAGE OPEN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Michael L. Parchman, Jennifer Perloff, Grant Ritter
Summary: This study protocol outlines a 24-month clinical trial to assess the effectiveness of a clinician champion intervention on de-implementing potentially inappropriate medications in people with dementia. The trial will also examine the impact of the intervention on reducing emergency department visits and hospitalizations attributed to falls, as well as the implementation outcomes of appropriateness, feasibility, fidelity, penetration, and equity.
IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ellen Childs, Colette A. Tano, Christina A. Mikosz, Michael L. Parchman, Catherine L. Hersey, Nicole Keane, Sarah J. Shoemaker-Hunt, Jan L. Losby
Summary: To improve patient safety and pain management, the CDC released a guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain. They supported an opioid quality improvement collaborative consisting of 10 healthcare systems to implement the guidelines. The research team used the iPARIHS implementation science framework to identify factors affecting successful implementation.
JOINT COMMISSION JOURNAL ON QUALITY AND PATIENT SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kevin D. Dieckhaus, Min-Jung Kim, Jian-Bing Shen, Tina S. Liang, Michael J. Kleinberg, Kristen M. Siedlarz, David B. Banach, Mark L. Metersky, Rob P. Fuller, Eric M. Mortensen, Bruce T. Liang
Summary: Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, maintaining the health and safety of healthcare workers has been crucial in addressing the global pandemic. Vaccination with mRNA-based vaccines targeting the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 has been identified as an important strategy in reducing the susceptibility of healthcare workers to the virus. However, neutralizing antibody responses may decrease over time and can be influenced by various factors. This study aimed to examine the relationship between vaccine products, prior clinical illness from SARS-CoV-2, vaccine-associated adverse reactions, and the decay of antibodies over time in healthcare workers at a university medical center. The findings showed that vaccination with mRNA-1273 resulted in more sustained antibody responses compared to bnt162b2. Individuals who experienced vaccine-associated symptoms were more likely to have a prolonged neutralizing antibody response. Those who had previous clinical infection with SARS-CoV-2 before vaccination were more likely to experience vaccine-associated symptoms after the first dose and had a less significant decline in antibodies. Understanding these factors can assist clinicians in determining effective vaccine strategies for healthcare workers.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gaielle Harb, Teri Hopkins, Linda Yang, Kathleen Morneau, Jose Cadena-Zuluaga, Elizabeth Walter, Christopher Frei
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of MRSA nasal PCR testing on MRSA-targeted antibiotic use and clinical outcomes in patients with diabetic foot infection (DFI). The results showed a significant decrease in the duration of MRSA-targeted antibiotic use after protocol implementation. This suggests that MRSA nasal PCR testing can be used to reduce the use of MRSA-targeted antibiotics in DFI.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Amanda M. Moore, Zohra Nooruddin, Kelly R. Reveles, Jim M. Koeller, Jennifer M. Whitehead, Kathleen Franklin, Paromita Datta, Munaf Alkadimi, Lance Brannman, Ion Cotarla, Andrew J. Frankart, Tiernan Mulrooney, Xavier Jones, Christopher R. Frei
Summary: Black patients in the US shoulder a disproportionate burden of lung cancer but are underrepresented in important immunotherapy trials. This study evaluates the relationship between race and the clinical use of durvalumab, an immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. The study finds that race did not impact treatment patterns in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC treated with durvalumab at the VHA.
Article
Oncology
Cassandra Walker, Amy Horowitz, Zohra Nooruddin, Christopher R. Frei
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) receiving ibrutinib. The incidence of IFIs was found to be 1.3%, with common fungal infections including Cryptococcus, Aspergillus, and Pneumocystis. Further research is needed to examine the relationship between ibrutinib and IFI incidence, as well as to identify clinical risk factors for IFIs.
JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY PHARMACY PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sarah Stahlman, Stephanie Huizar-Garcia, Justina Lipscomb, Christopher Frei, Ashley Oliver
Summary: This study examined the impact of an educational class on heart failure (HF) patients and their caregivers. The results showed that the class decreased worsening HF, ED visits, and hospital admissions, and improved patient quality of life and confidence in disease management.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Corbyn M. Gilmore, Grace C. Lee, Susanne Schmidt, Christopher R. Frei
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the proportion of inpatients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) in special populations who received guideline-concordant antibiotics. The results showed that black patients were less likely to receive guideline-concordant antibiotics, while Hispanic patients were more likely to receive them, with non-Hispanic white patients falling in between.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lauren Bjork, Teri Hopkins, Linda Yang, Chengwen Teng, Xavier Jones, Jose Cadena, Elizabeth Walter, Christopher R. Frei
Summary: This study compares the treatment failure rates of oral beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones for Enterobacterales bloodstream infections. The results show that the failure rates are comparable between the two groups. This study suggests that beta-lactams may be as effective as fluoroquinolones for the treatment of Enterobacterales BSI without the associated risks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Christopher R. R. Frei, Yong-Hee P. Chun, Linda M. M. McManus, Julie Barker, Amanda M. M. Moore
Summary: Research education and training in Translational Science plays a crucial role in developing a competent workforce and advancing studies to improve human health. An evaluation of a Translational Science Training (TST) TL1 Program showed that participants had significantly better research output and impact compared to nonparticipants. Furthermore, the program was found to be equally effective for female and male participants, as well as those from underrepresented backgrounds.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Amanda Moore, Zohra Nooruddin, Kelly R. Reveles, Paromita Datta, Lance Brannman, Ion Cotarla, Andrew Frankart, Tiernan Mulrooney, Xavier Jones, Christopher R. Frei
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Paromita Datta, Amanda Moore, Christopher R. Frei, Kelly R. Reveles, Lance Brannman, Ion Cotarla, Andrew Frankart, Tiernan Mulrooney, Munaf Alkadimi, Jennifer Whitehead, Kathleen Franklin, Renee Reichelderfer, Madison H. Williams, Ryan A. Williams, Sarah Allison Smith, Xavier Jones, Zohra Nooruddin
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Munaf Alkadimi, Amanda Moore, Christopher R. Frei, Kelly R. Reveles, Lance Brannman, Ion Cotarla, Andrew Frankart, Tiernan Mulrooney, Paromita Datta, Jennifer Whitehead, Kathleen Franklin, Renee Reichelderfer, Madison H. Williams, Ryan A. Williams, Sarah Allison Smith, Xavier Jones, Zohra Nooruddin
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
A. Moore, Z. Nooruddin, K. R. Reveles, P. Datta, L. Brannman, I. Cotarla, A. Frankart, T. Mulrooney, X. Jones, C. R. Frei
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
