Article
Neurosciences
Francois Cinotti, Mark D. Humphries
Summary: This study presents a Bayesian approach to mapping neuron connectivity in the striatum. By applying it to the mouse striatum, two asymmetries in the circuit were discovered: a selective asymmetry of projection neuron connections and a length-scale asymmetry. The Bayesian approach can also evaluate evidence for wiring changes, making it significant for understanding the function and dysfunction of the striatum.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Anna Tokarska, Gilad Silberberg
Summary: The interactions between striatal cholinergic and GABAergic systems play a crucial role in reward-related behavior and reinforcement learning. By studying Chrna2-Cre mice, we discovered that striatal Chrna2-INs have different electrophysiological, morphological, and synaptic properties compared to other brain regions. These INs form inhibitory synaptic connections with striatal projection neurons and other INs and receive excitatory inputs from the primary motor cortex. Some Chrna2-INs respond to nicotinic input, suggesting reciprocal interactions with striatal cholinergic synapses.
Article
Neurosciences
Dwight F. Newton, Hyunjung Oh, Rammohan Shukla, Keith Misquitta, Corey Fee, Mounira Banasr, Etienne Sibille
Summary: This study investigated the transcriptomic effects of chronic stress on microcircuit cell types in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice. The results showed changes in behavior, dysregulation of gene expression, and reorganization of synaptic connections across different cell types, suggesting a shift in the regulation of cortical excitation-inhibition balance.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Chaoyi Zhang, Hong Zhu, Zheyi Ni, Qiuhong Xin, Tingting Zhou, Runlong Wu, Guangping Gao, Zhihua Gao, Huan Ma, Haohong Li, Miao He, Jue Zhang, Heping Cheng, Hailan Hu
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of VIP and PV neuron activation in regulating winning behavior in social competition. The study also uncovers the sequential calcium activities initiated by VIP in the dmPFC microcircuit and the delayed activation of PV neurons.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thando Shabangu, Hung-Lun Chen, Zi-hui Zhuang, Alessandra Pierani, Chien-Fu F. Chen, Shen-Ju Chou
Summary: The study reveals a specific association between the developmental origin of PC neurons and their neuronal properties, with Dbx1 lineage neurons playing an important role in the mouse PC.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bo-yong Park, Seok-Jun Hong, Sofie L. Valk, Casey Paquola, Oualid Benkarim, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Adriana Di Martino, Michael P. Milham, Alessandro Gozzi, B. T. Thomas Yeo, Jonathan Smallwood, Boris C. Bernhardt
Summary: The study suggests that there are significant differences in structural connectome organization in individuals with autism compared to typically developing controls, particularly in low-level somatosensory regions and high-level association cortices. Computational models reveal that macroscale anomalies are related to atypical increases in recurrent excitation/inhibition and subcortical inputs into cortical microcircuits in sensory and motor areas.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elisa Dal Bo, Ludovica Natali, Claudio Gentili, Cinzia Cecchetto
Summary: This study found that odor awareness may be a key factor in the relationship between emotional symptoms and olfactory abilities. The association between depressive symptoms and olfactory abilities was moderated by odor awareness, while the relationship between anxiety symptoms and olfactory abilities was not affected by odor awareness. Therefore, odor awareness may be a useful target for treating olfactory dysfunction in clinical settings.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhengqing He, Bo Sun, Feng Feng, Jiongming Bai, Haoran Wang, Hongfen Wang, Fei Yang, Fang Cui, Xusheng Huang
Summary: In bulbar onset ALS patients, cervical region is the second most common second involved region (SIR). Time of symptoms beyond the bulbar region (TBBR) is an independent prognostic factor.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
S. T. Ferguson, I. Bakis, N. D. Edwards, L. J. Zwiebel
Summary: The study reveals that there are significant differences in olfactory sensitivity and odor coding between minor and major workers in Camponotus floridanus ant colonies. Minors primarily display excitatory responses to olfactory stimuli, while majors manifest suppressed responses. However, both minors and majors show excitatory responses to conspecific cuticular extracts. Moreover, majors exhibit enhanced aggression and killing abilities towards non-nestmate foes. The findings support the hypothesis that minors are multipotential workers and majors are specialized soldiers with specific olfactory sensitivity.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Sarah F. Muldoon
Summary: The study used computational models to predict the presence of superhubs in epileptic networks, showing that these highly connected neurons drive network activity through feedforward motifs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James P. Roach, Anne K. Churchland, Tatiana A. Engel
Summary: Recent research found that both excitatory and inhibitory neurons are equally selective for choice during perceptual decision-making. However, the functional consequences of inhibitory choice selectivity in decision-making circuits remained unclear. By developing a circuit model, the authors demonstrated that selective inhibition expands the range of decision-making circuits, enabling weaker or stronger recurrent excitation in competitive or feedback motifs. The specificity of inhibitory outputs determines the trade-off between decision speed and accuracy by stabilizing or destabilizing the underlying dynamics in the circuit. Their findings highlight the dual roles of selective inhibition in decision-making circuits: stabilizing strongly connected excitatory populations and maximizing competition between opposite selective populations. Inhibitory neurons in decision circuits convey animal choices.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Louisiane Lemaire, Mathieu Desroches, Martin Krupa, Lara Pizzamiglio, Paolo Scalmani, Massimo Mantegazza
Summary: Loss of function mutations of SCN1A cause epilepsy while gain of function mutations cause hemiplegic migraine, with distinct effects on ion fluxes and susceptibility to depolarization block in interconnected GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons. The study suggests different mechanisms of network hyperexcitability for migraine and epileptogenic Na(V)1.1 mutations beyond changes in firing frequency.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Ebrahim Balandeh, Kimia Mohammadshafie, Yaser Mahmoudi, Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh, Ali Rajabi, Zahra Razaghi Bahabadi, Amir Hossein Mohammadi, Neda Rahimian, Michael R. Hamblin, Hamed Mirzaei
Summary: Non-coding RNAs play a crucial role in regulating angiogenesis in glioblastoma, affecting gene transcription and the expression of angiogenesis-inducing molecules through various mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gabriel Koch Ocker
Summary: This study presents a statistical field theory for networks of integrate-and-fire neurons with stochastic spike emission, revealing the impact of spike-driven reset of the membrane voltage on population activity. The study uncovers bistability and fluctuation effects in the mean-field dynamics, as well as the roles of spike resets and recurrent inhibition in stabilizing network activity. It also calculates the phase diagram for inhibitory stabilization and finds that wide regions of parameter space exhibit inhibition-stabilized regime.
Article
Oncology
Daixi Ren, Yongzhen Mo, Mei Yang, Dan Wang, Yumin Wang, Qijia Yan, Can Guo, Wei Xiong, Fuyan Wang, Zhaoyang Zeng
Summary: Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) play crucial roles in genetic information transmission and their abnormalities can lead to translation disorders and diseases, including cancer. Complex modifications enable tRNA to perform its delicate biological functions. Dysregulation of tRNA modifications has been confirmed to play an important role in carcinogenesis. Moreover, impaired tRNA stability can result in the cleavage of tRNAs into small tRNA fragments (tRFs) by specific RNases. Although tRFs have been found to have vital regulatory roles in tumorigenesis, the process of their formation remains unclear. Understanding improper tRNA modifications and abnormal formation of tRFs in cancer is beneficial for uncovering the role of tRNA metabolism under pathological conditions and may lead to new avenues for cancer prevention and treatment.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Subhasis Ray, Chaitanya Chintaluri, Upinder S. Bhalla, Daniel K. Wojcik
Article
Neurosciences
Upinder S. Bhalla
Article
Biology
Upinder Singh Bhalla
Article
Biology
Aditya Gilra, Wulfram Gerstner
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Marco Martinolli, Wulfram Gerstner, Aditya Gilra
FRONTIERS IN COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Rajeev V. Rikhye, Aditya Gilra, Michael M. Halassa
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Biology
Dilawar Singh, Upinder Singh Bhalla
Article
Biology
Aanchal Bhatia, Sahil Moza, Upinder Singh Bhalla
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Christian Klos, Yaroslav Felipe Kalle Kossio, Sven Goedeke, Aditya Gilra, Raoul-Martin Memmesheimer
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
G. HarshaRani, S. Moza, N. Ramakrishnan, U. S. Bhalla
Summary: This study presents a resource of over 35,000 reaction topologies for systematic surveys of bistable biochemical reaction networks, and provides a searchable database for analyzing stability in chemical systems.
Article
Neurosciences
Suranjana Pal, Deepanjali Dwivedi, Tuli Pramanik, Geeta Godbole, Takuji Iwasato, Denis Jabaudon, Upinder S. Bhalla, Shubha Tole
Summary: Loss of the LHX2 gene in cortical progenitors results in premature ingrowth of thalamocortical afferents into the cortex, leading to atrophy of the sensory thalamus and nearly eliminating sensory innervation to the cortex. This indicates a profound mechanism operating in subplate progenitors affecting the growth of thalamocortical axons into the cortex.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Upinder Bhalla
Summary: Chemical signals play a crucial role in cell computations, and modeling these complex networks can be challenging. HillTau provides a simplified way to model these networks, condensing multiple reaction steps into single steps defined by a small number of parameters. It is fast, simple, and fits well with full chemical formulations, making it a valuable tool for modeling signaling network functions and fitting complicated networks. HillTau is especially useful for system abstraction, model reduction, data-driven optimization, and fast approximations to complex cellular signaling.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Dipannita Sarkar, Mohammad Shariq, Deepanjali Dwivedi, Nirmal Krishnan, Ronald Naumann, Upinder Singh Bhalla, Hiyaa Singhee Ghosh
Summary: Research on the schizophrenia-risk gene Tcf4 has revealed its significant role in adult neurons, affecting their structure and excitability. The targets of Tcf4 in adult neurons differ from those in embryonic brains, indicating previously unappreciated gene networks regulating mature neuronal function. Acute loss of Tcf4 in adult neurons leads to changes in membrane-related processes that underlie the functional and structural integrity of adult neurons.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Chao Han, Gwendolyn S. English, Hannes Saal, Giacomo S. Indiveri, Aditya Gilra, Wolfger S. von der Behrens, Eleni Vasilaki
Summary: We propose a multi-scale recurrent network to explain how novelty detection can arise in the whisker-related somatosensory thalamocortical loop. Our results demonstrate that the novelty signal arises from the recurrent interplay between thalamic neurons and cortical neurons, without the need of other components. This work provides a concrete mechanism that can serve as a starting point for further investigating the neural circuit mechanisms underlying novelty detection.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Deepanjali Dwivedi, Sumantra Chattarji, Upinder S. Bhalla