Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Megha Amar, Akula Bala Pramod, Nam-Kyung Yu, Victor Munive Herrera, Lily R. Qiu, Patricia Moran-Losada, Pan Zhang, Cleber A. Trujillo, Jacob Ellegood, Jorge Urresti, Kevin Chau, Jolene Diedrich, Jiaye Chen, Jessica Gutierrez, Jonathan Sebat, Dhakshin Ramanathan, Jason P. Lerch, John R. Yates, Alysson R. Muotri, Lilia M. Iakoucheva
Summary: Cul3 mutant mice exhibit deficits in social and cognitive behaviors, hyperactive behavior, reduced cortical volume, and changes in brain regions, with neuronal cytoskeleton defects identified as key drivers of Cul3 functional impact. Specifically, dendritic growth, filamentous actin puncta, and spontaneous network activity are reduced in Cul3 mutant mice, with Rho signaling inhibition rescuing these phenotypes. The study highlights defects in neuronal cytoskeleton and Rho signaling as primary targets of Cul3 mutation during brain development.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Julia Muellerleile, Matej Vnencak, Mohammad Valeed Ahmed Sethi, Tassilo Jungenitz, Stephan W. Schwarzacher, Peter Jedlicka
Summary: Loss-of-function mutations in Nlgn4 cause autism spectrum disorder in humans. Nlgn4 KO in mice leads to social behavior deficits and alterations of synaptic inhibition or excitation. In this study, synaptic function and plasticity in the dentate gyrus of Nlgn4 KO mice were analyzed, showing increased inhibition in vivo and no impairments in excitatory synaptic transmission or plasticity in vitro. Comparison with previous studies on Nlgn1-3 KO mice suggests that each neuroligin has a characteristic effect on cellular and network activity in the dentate gyrus.
Article
Neurosciences
Ivan Marchionni, Nadia Pilati, Angelo Forli, Michele Sessolo, Angelita Tottene, Daniela Pietrobon
Summary: Migraine is a complex brain disorder characterized by unilateral headache and dysfunction in multisensory information processing. This study investigates the cellular and circuit mechanisms underlying familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) in mouse models. The findings suggest that enhanced excitatory neurotransmission and unaltered inhibitory neurotransmission may contribute to the pathogenesis of FHM.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Roberta Magliozzi, Marco Pitteri, Stefano Ziccardi, Anna Isabella Pisani, Luigi Montibeller, Damiano Marastoni, Stefania Rossi, Valentina Mazziotti, Maddalena Guandalini, Caterina Dapor, Gianmarco Schiavi, Agnese Tamanti, Richard Nicholas, Richard Reynolds, Massimiliano Calabrese
Summary: The study showed that CSF-PVALB levels are elevated in MS patients and correlated with a decrease in PVALB+ cell density, increased MHC-II+ microglia density, earlier age of onset, shorter time to wheelchair, and earlier age of death. In MS patients, increased CSF-PVALB levels were associated with more severe disease course and cognitive impairment, suggesting it may be a potential early biomarker of cortical neurodegeneration, atrophy, and cognitive decline in MS.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph Del Rosario, Anderson Speed, Hayley Arrowood, Cara Motz, Machelle Pardue, Bilal Haider
Summary: Our study suggests that perceptual deficits related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be linked to increased cortical inhibitory activity and decreased and aberrant excitatory population activity in L2/3, a major source of feedforward projections to higher cortical regions.
Article
Cell Biology
Bingke Ma, Xingyue Shan, Juehua Yu, Tailin Zhu, Ren Li, Hui Lv, Haidi Cheng, Tiantian Zhang, Lihua Wang, Feiyang Wei, Bo Meng, Xiaobing Yuan, Bing Mei, Xiao-Yong Zhang, Wei-Guang Li, Fei Li
Summary: This study identifies bidirectional dysregulation of Rac1 activity in the medial prefrontal cortex as a crucial mechanism for shared social deficits in mice. The dysregulation leads to excessive or inadequate excitability control, as well as changes in glutamate or GABA concentrations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyunwoo Jeong, Yu Jin Lee, Nambeom Kim, Sehyun Jeon, Jin Yong Jun, So Young Yoo, So Hee Lee, Jooyoung Lee, Seog Ju Kim
Summary: The study found that traumatized North Korean refugees who did not develop PTSD showed increased thickness in the right medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which was associated with less severe psychiatric symptoms.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Chunrong Mi, Liang Ma, Yang Wang, Danyang Wu, Weiguo Du, Baojun Sun
Summary: Climate warming has significant impacts on species globally. This study focused on Takydromus lizards and investigated their physiological and life-history responses to warming climates at different latitudes. The findings revealed that the thermal safety margin for lizards is larger at high latitudes, but it is predicted to decrease under climate warming. Furthermore, climate warming will lead to faster embryonic development and longer adult activity time, but it will also exacerbate water loss. The study also highlighted the vulnerability of species from different latitudes to climate warming, with tropical and subtropical species at risk from increased extremely high temperatures, and temperate species vulnerable due to both high temperatures and increased water loss.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dirk Alexander Wittekind, Markus Scholz, Juergen Kratzsch, Markus Loeffler, Katrin Horn, Holger Kirsten, Veronica Witte, Arno Villringer, Michael Kluge
Summary: The study identified three genome-wide significant genetic loci associated with ghrelin levels and highlighted three genes most strongly correlated with serum ghrelin levels. These findings are important for further research in this field.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Ryan Ha, Yoav Keynan, Zulma Vanessa Rueda
Summary: Immunomodulators like TNF inhibitors are used to treat autoimmune conditions but increase the risk of infections. Different types of TNF inhibitors have varying immunosuppressive effects and infection risks. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Legionella pneumophila, and Pneumocystis jirovecii are common pathogens associated with TNF inhibitor-associated infections. Other immunomodulators and host-directed treatments can influence these infections and mitigate their severity.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mikko Gynther, Mariana Leal Estrada, Sanna Loppi, Paula Korhonen, Katja M. Kanninen, Tarja Malm, Jari Koistinaho, Seppo Auriola, Gert Fricker, Elena Puris
Summary: This study investigates the changes in cPLA2 expression and activity in the cerebral cortex of female APdE9 mice after chronic LPS treatment. The results show that chronic LPS administration leads to elevated expression and activity of cPLA2 in the brain cortex of APdE9 mice, which may be associated with NFkB activation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Patricia S. Pirbhoy, Carrie R. Jonak, Rashid Syed, Donovan A. Argueta, Pedro A. Perez, Mark B. Wiley, Keon Hessamian, Jonathan W. Lovelace, Khaleel A. Razak, Nicholas DiPatrizio, Iryna M. Ethell, Devin K. Binder
Summary: Increasing 2-AG levels may serve as a potential therapeutic approach to normalize cortical responses and improve behavioral outcomes in Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and possibly other Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). Treatment with JZL-184 resulted in a reduction of abnormal cortical responses and improved behavioral phenotypes in Fmr1 KO mice, indicating the potential efficacy of targeting endocannabinoid modulation for treating FXS and ASD.
JOURNAL OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Karen Jaqueline Paredes-Ruiz, Karla Chavira-Ramos, Sonia Galvan-Arzate, Edgar Rangel-Lopez, Cimen Karasu, Isaac Tunez, Anatoly. V. V. Skalny, Tao Ke, Michael Aschner, Mario Orozco-Morales, Ana Laura Colin-Gonzalez, Abel Santamaria
Summary: Inhibition of MAGL by JZL184 has protective effects against toxic effects induced by 3-NP in brain synaptosomes. Activation of CB2R plays a major role in these effects, while CB1R has a smaller contribution. The results provide experimental evidence for the potential treatment of neurodegenerative disorders using MAGL inhibitors.
NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Marijana Sekulic-Jablanovic, Jessica Paproth, Cinzia Sgambato, Giuseppe Albano, Daniel G. Fuster, Daniel Bodmer, Vesna Petkovic
Summary: This study found that the lack or inhibition of NHE6 or NKCC1 affects the permeability of endothelial BLB-derived cells. These findings suggest that NHE6 and NKCC1 could serve as potential targets to modify BLB permeability for drug delivery to the cochlea or to protect the cochlea from ototoxic insults.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joseph K. Brown, Ashley Moulton, Julie C. Zinnert
Summary: Nutrient enrichment significantly affects the structure, organization, and productivity of coastal grassland communities, resulting in increased dominance of high-nitrogen grasses, reorganization of subordinate species, and absence of critical species.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Thomas C. Jaramillo, Haley E. Speed, Zhong Xuan, Jeremy M. Reimers, Shunan Liu, Craig M. Powell
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William J. Cook, Olga Senkovich, Agustin Hernandez, Haley Speed, Debasish Chattopadhyay
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Haley E. Speed, Mehreen Kouser, Zhong Xuan, Jeremy M. Reimers, Christine F. Ochoa, Natasha Gupta, Shunan Liu, Craig M. Powell
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah E. Latchney, Thomas C. Jaramillo, Phillip D. Rivera, Amelia J. Eisch, Craig M. Powell
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2015)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Thomas C. Jaramillo, Haley E. Speed, Zhong Xuan, Jeremy M. Reimers, Christine Ochoa Escamilla, Travis P. Weaver, Shunan Liu, Irina Filonova, Craig M. Powell
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Craig M. Powell
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. Ellegood, E. Anagnostou, B. A. Babineau, J. N. Crawley, L. Lin, M. Genestine, E. DiCicco-Bloom, J. K. Y. Lai, J. A. Foster, O. Penagarikano, D. H. Geschwind, L. K. Pacey, D. R. Hampson, C. L. Laliberte, A. A. Mills, E. Tam, L. R. Osborne, M. Kouser, F. Espinosa-Becerra, Z. Xuan, C. M. Powell, A. Raznahan, D. M. Robins, N. Nakai, J. Nakatani, T. Takumi, M. C. van Eede, T. M. Kerr, C. Muller, R. D. Blakely, J. Veenstra-VanderWeele, R. M. Henkelman, J. P. Lerch
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2015)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julia Bassell, Siddharth Srivastava, Anna K. Prohl, Benoit Scherrer, Kush Kapur, Rajna Filip-Dhima, Elizabeth Berry-Kravis, Latha Soorya, Audrey Thurm, Craig M. Powell, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Joseph D. Buxbaum, Alexander Kolevzon, Simon K. Warfield, Mustafa Sahin
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qiang-qiang Xia, Angela K. Walker, Chenghui Song, Jing Wang, Anju Singh, James A. Mobley, Zhong X. Xuan, Jeffrey D. Singer, Craig M. Powell
Summary: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by repetitive behavior, restricted range of interests, and atypical social interaction and communication. The CUL3 gene, which codes for a scaffold protein involved in assembly of ubiquitin ligase complexes, has been identified as a high-risk gene for autism. In a mouse model, heterozygous deletion of Cul3 leads to reduced CUL3 protein levels and impaired spatial object recognition memory, but does not cause major abnormalities in hippocampal neuronal morphology, function, or social interaction.
Article
Neurosciences
Haley E. Speed, Mehreen Kouser, Zhong Xuan, Shunan Liu, Anne Duong, Craig M. Powell
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Thomas C. Jaramillo, Christine Ochoa Escamilla, Shunan Liu, Lauren Peca, Shari G. Birnbaum, Craig M. Powell