Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Emily Y. Cai, Christian De Caro, Kevin Treb, Ke Li
Summary: Existing dual-layer flat panel detectors (DL-FPDs) use a thin scintillator layer to detect low-energy x-rays and a thicker scintillator layer to detect high-energy x-rays. However, the total x-ray absorption for single-energy imaging is unsatisfactory due to the permanent Cu filter. This study aims to demonstrate the benefits of using a removable filter material in DL-FPDs for both single-energy and dual-energy imaging applications.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xinpeng Bai, Zhipeng Zhang, Manni Chen, Kai Wang, Juncong She, Shaozhi Deng, Jun Chen
Summary: "This study examines the mechanism of electron-bombardment-induced photoconductivity in vacuum flat-panel detectors and derives relevant formulas, validating the theoretical results and providing guidance for the development of VFPDs based on EBPIC."
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haodi Wu, Xu Chen, Zihao Song, Ao Zhang, Xinyuan Du, Xin He, Hanqi Wang, Ling Xu, Zhiping Zheng, Guangda Niu, Jiang Tang
Summary: In this study, a scalable and universal strategy of a mechanochemical method was adopted to synthesize stoichiometric high-entropy perovskite powders with high quality and high quantity. By utilizing these stoichiometric perovskites, the first FA(0.9)MA(0.05)Cs(0.05)Pb(I0.9Br0.1)(3)-based X-ray flat-panel detector with low trap density and large mobility-lifetime product was reported. This high-entropy perovskite-based X-ray FPD has the potential to facilitate the development of new-generation X-ray-detection systems.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Benjamin S. Hulbert, Waltraud M. Kriven
Summary: The study examines the impact of small changes in the specimen-to-detector distance on unit-cell parameters in synchrotron powder diffraction. An analytical correction equation is proposed to fix the shift in 2 theta values caused by specimen capillary displacement. This equation does not require an internal reference material and is applied during the Rietveld refinement step. Example data sets are provided to demonstrate the effect of specimen displacement on unit-cell parameters for CeO2 at 25 degrees C.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yingjun Chai, Chaoyan Jiang, Xudong Hu, Jiguang Han, Yao Wang, Wanqiu Yang, Chongkang Li, Haibo Zeng, Xiaoming Li
Summary: A homogeneous bridging strategy was developed to directly prepare compact perovskite films. A stable perovskite slurry with suitable viscosity was formed by adding a weak coordination solvent to pre-synthesized microcrystalline powders. In situ growth of small perovskite grains filled the pinholes and connected the surrounding original grains, resulting in a large-area perovskite thick film with tight grain arrangement and ultralow current drift for X-ray imaging.
Article
Optics
Liu Fufu, Wang Xu, Zhang Liang
Summary: In order to improve the target detection accuracy in satellite-to-ground optical communications, a noise equivalent angle model for centroid localization was established without depending on the point spread function of target signals. The research results contribute to the establishment and maintenance of long-distance satellite-to-ground optical communication links.
ACTA OPTICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Delin Hu, Xingpeng Bai, Chengyun Wang, Zhipeng Zhang, Xiaojie Li, Guofu Zhang, Shaozhi Deng, Jun Chen
Summary: This paper investigates the feasibility of using cold cathode vacuum flat panel detectors for imaging applications. By fabricating a pixel array made of ZnS photoconductor and ZnO nanowires cold cathode, we successfully achieved imaging of patterned objects.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiayin Liu, Jae Ho Kim
Summary: In this paper, a novel sub-pixel shift (SPS)-based X-ray flat panel detector (FPD) is proposed to achieve high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The proposed architecture utilizes an XY precision shift stage to complete the sub-pixel shift process and integrates image acquisition and high-resolution image composition in the FPD hardware. Testing and evaluation of image quality indicators according to relevant standards for detector image quality evaluation demonstrate that the proposed FPD with SPS outperforms the original FPD without SPS technology. The measured pixel size of the proposed FPD is reduced, resulting in improved spatial detector resolution.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Linxi Shi, N. Robert Bennett, Amy Shiroma, Mingshan Sun, Jin Zhang, Richard Colbeth, Josh Star-Lack, Minghui Lu, Adam S. Wang
Summary: A metal artifact reduction (MAR) method using a dual-layer flat panel detector was developed in this study. By directly detecting metal objects in projections using dual-energy imaging, the method showed robustness to FOV truncation and superior accuracy compared to other methods, while also significantly reducing processing time.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Shinya Takarabe, Taku Kuramoto, Yusuke Shibayama, Yuzo Yamasaki, Yoshiyuki Kitamura, Hideki Yoshikawa, Toyoyuki Kato
Summary: The study quantitatively evaluated the image quality of conventional chest radiography using DL-FPD and found that, compared to SL-FPD, DL-FPD has higher DQE at certain exposure doses and in high spatial frequency regions, with lower NNPS. However, there were no significant differences in subjective visibility between DL-FPD and SL-FPD.
PHYSICA MEDICA-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Takeshi Fujiwara, Hiroaki Miyoshi, Yuki Mitsuya, Norifumi L. Yamada, Yasuo Wakabayashi, Yoshie Otake, Masahiro Hino, Koichi Kino, Masahito Tanaka, Nagayasu Oshima, Hiroyuki Takahashi
Summary: This paper presents the development and imaging results of a new neutron flat-panel detector (nFPD) based on IGZO TFT/photodiode array and scintillator sheet. The detector has high sensitivity and resolution and is easy to handle. The characteristics of IGZO TFT allow for longer exposure times at neutron sources with limited flux.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Carlos Avila-Avendano, Maria I. Pintor-Monroy, Adelmo Ortiz-Conde, Jesus A. Caraveo-Frescas, Manuel A. Quevedo-Lopez
Summary: This study demonstrates large-area compatible, solar-blind deep-ultraviolet sensors based on active pixels with CMOS amplifiers. The sensors exhibit high responsivity and output voltage signals, and the integration of Ga-2 O-3 sensors on the same substrate ensures compatibility with large-area applications. The active pixel sensor shows improved performance compared to discrete sensors.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. Serini, F. Loparco, M. N. Mazziotta, S. De Gaetano, L. Di Venere, F. Gargano, L. Lorusso, G. Panzarini, R. Pillera
Summary: The Sun serves as a potential source for studying dark matter through indirect searches. This study investigates a scenario where dark matter annihilates into long-lived mediators that can escape from the Sun and decay into gamma rays. By analyzing data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope, no significant excess in the solar gamma-ray spectrum is observed, leading to constraints on the dark matter-nucleon scattering cross sections.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jon Box, Adam Salazar, Dan Johnson, Isaac Rutel
Summary: The study presents a method to detect dead detector elements from flat field images using a convolutional neural network (CNN), aiming to provide a vendor-independent and potential correction algorithm-independent means for obtaining information that affects the image quality of diagnostic imaging systems. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the CNN method and suggest its potential application for a wide range of vendors and models in the evaluation of dead detectors.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
J. Saraiva, C. Alemparte, D. Belver, A. Blanco, J. Callon, J. Collazo, A. Iglesias, L. Lopes
Summary: Large Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) systems, developed from High Energy Physics experiments, are used in ATLAS, CMS, and ALICE experiments. These systems operate with complex gas systems and require a significant supply of fresh gas, causing logistical, technical, and financial challenges. This study presents a new concept in RPC construction that allows for operation at ultra-low gas flow rates by encapsulating the glass stack in a tight plastic box with excellent water vapor blocking properties and protection against atmospheric gases.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Lisha Liu, Tadej Rojac, Justin Kimpton, Julian Walker, Maja Makarovic, Jing-Feng Li, John Daniels
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lisha Liu, Kun Xu, Qian Li, John Daniels, Hua Zhou, Jiangyu Li, Jing Zhu, Jan Seidel, Jing-Feng Li
Summary: This study investigates the giant domain wall current obtained through conductive atomic force microscopy, showing the formation of conductive pathways of charged defects accumulated along domain walls and traversing the nanocrystals. Various domain walls can be manipulated by electric field in a perpendicular architecture. The perpendicular array structure of BiFeO(3) nanocrystals shows great potentials for developing perpendicular nanoelectronic prototypes.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Sukriti Mantri, John Daniels
Summary: This study examines the formation and energy of domain walls in perovskite ferroelectrics. In tetragonal and rhombohedral symmetries, domain wall orientation is independent of external stimuli; while in orthorhombic and monoclinic symmetries, the orientation of certain permissible domain walls changes with temperature and electric field fluctuations.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alan Xu, Irene Susanto, Tao Wei, Mihail Ionescu, John Daniels, Dhriti Bhattacharyya
Summary: A sample of oxide dispersion strengthened MA957 steel was irradiated with 5 MeV He2+ ions to study its mechanical property changes using nanoindentation and tension tests. The increase in strength due to ion irradiation is mainly attributed to He bubbles, with a relatively small proportion from dislocation loops and black dot damage.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mao-Hua Zhang, Qinghua Zhang, Ting-Ting Yu, Geng Li, Hao-Cheng Thong, Li-Ying Peng, Lisha Liu, Jing Ma, Yang Shen, Zhijian Shen, John Daniels, Lin Gu, Bing Han, Long-Qing Chen, Jing-Feng Li, Fei Li, Ke Wang
Summary: This study proposes to use microstructural engineering to enhance the electric-field-induced strain of lead-free piezoelectrics. Through precise compositional tuning, enhanced properties were achieved by introducing heterogeneous ferroelectric-paraelectric microstructures, which significantly increased electric-field-induced strain.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tongzheng Xin, Yuhong Zhao, Reza Mahjoub, Jiaxi Jiang, Apurv Yadav, Keita Nomoto, Ranming Niu, Song Tang, Fan Ji, Zakaria Quadir, David Miskovic, John Daniels, Wanqiang Xu, Xiaozhou Liao, Long-Qing Chen, Koji Hagihara, Xiaoyan Li, Simon Ringer, Michael Ferry
Summary: Magnesium alloys can be strengthened through various methods such as dislocation accumulation, grain refinement, deformation twinning, and spinodal decomposition. The spinodal strengthened ultralightweight Mg alloy in this study achieves specific yield strengths surpassing almost every other engineering alloy, with lattice mismatch at the diffuse transition region between spinodal zones and matrix being the dominating factor for enhancing yield strength.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peter Finkel, Markys G. Cain, Thomas Mion, Margo Staruch, Jakub Kolacz, Sukriti Mantri, Chad Newkirk, Kyril Kavetsky, John Thornton, Junhai Xia, Marc Currie, Thomas Hase, Alex Moser, Paul Thompson, Christopher A. Lucas, Andy Fitch, Julie M. Cairney, Scott D. Moss, Alan Gareth Alexander Nisbet, John E. Daniels, Samuel E. Lofland
Summary: In this study, the switching of ferroelectric domains in domain-engineered crystals was controlled by electrical field and mechanical stress, resulting in the transformation from an opaque polydomain structure to a transparent monodomain state. This manipulation achieved both a large piezoelectric effect and high optical transmissivity.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Scarlet Kong, Alain Moriana, Shujun Zhang, Stefano Checchia, John E. Daniels
Summary: Crystallographic texturing of ferroelectrics can enhance their piezoelectric response. This study observed the ferroelastic self-poling effect in a crystallographically textured ceramic. The introduction of BaTiO3 platelet templates induced the alignment of ferroelastic domains. The in-situ high-energy x-ray diffraction revealed the strain mechanisms and showed a contrast in strain magnitudes between the textured and untextured ceramics.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Emily W. Yap, Nitish Kumar, Dragan Damjanovic, Rhys M. Preston, John E. Daniels
Summary: The method of generating x-rays using the pyroelectric effect is suitable for portable and low-power real-time in-field and on-line analysis applications, but the x-ray intensity produced is low and inconsistent compared to conventional x-ray tubes. The ratio of the pyroelectric coefficient to relative permittivity determines the performance of the x-ray generator.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lisha Liu, Tadej Rojac, Dragan Damjanovic, Jing-Feng Li, Marco Di Michiel, John Daniels
Summary: Domain walls, as dynamic interfaces in piezoelectric materials, have a significant impact on the functionality under applied external fields. Conductive domain walls in polycrystalline BiFeO3 have been found to result in frequency-dependent dispersion of lattice strain and ferroelastic domain wall motion. An anomalous field-dependent behavior of ferroelastic domain wall motion and lattice strain during field cycling is revealed, which is interpreted as the generation of opposing fields accompanying domain wall motion.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sukriti Mantri, John Daniels
Summary: Ferroelectric materials can switch between polarization states with the movement of domain walls, and the interaction of domain walls with microstructural features such as grain boundaries can affect their performance.
Article
Acoustics
Scott D. Moss, Jess D. Flicker, David J. Munk, Matthew J. Schipper, Joel Smithard, George Jung, Zane Hills, Jianfu Hou, John E. Daniels, Peter Finkel
Summary: This work presents a 35.9 kHz ultrasonic transducer with a magnetic arrangement to apply a static-compressive prestress on the drive-element. The magnetic arrangement generates a 22.5 N static-compressive force, resulting in a static compression of about 630 nm on the drive-element. Experimental results show that the transducer operates effectively without causing damaging tensile stress on the drive-element.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mitchell D. Nothling, John E. Daniels, Yen Vo, Ivan Johan, Martina H. Stenzel
Summary: Piezocatalysis is capable of converting mechanical energy into chemical potential, driving redox reactions using physical force. In this study, we demonstrate that piezoelectric BaTiO3 nanoparticles in the solid state can generate reactive hydroxyl radicals (·OH) by transducing mechanical load, leading to the initiation of solid state free radical polymerization. Chemisorbed water on the surface of BaTiO3 nanoparticles plays a crucial role by being oxidized to (·OH) via mechanoredox catalysis. This force-induced radical production in dry piezoelectric materials offers a promising new approach for harnessing mechanical energy in solid state radical synthesis.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jinglei Li, Wanbo Qu, John Daniels, Haijun Wu, Linjing Liu, Jie Wu, Mingwen Wang, Stefano Checchia, Shuai Yang, Haobin Lei, Rui Lv, Yang Zhang, Danyang Wang, Xuexin Li, Xiangdong Ding, Jun Sun, Zhuo Xu, Yunfei Chang, Shujun Zhang, Fei Li
Summary: We developed a seed-passivated texturing process using Ba(Zr, Ti)O3 microplatelet templates to fabricate textured PZT ceramics. This process promotes template-induced grain growth in titanium-rich PZT layers and enables the desired composition through interlayer diffusion of zirconium and titanium. The textured PZT ceramics exhibited excellent properties, with Curie temperatures of 360 degrees C, piezoelectric coefficients d(33) of 760 picocoulombs per newton and g(33) of 100 millivolt meters per newton, and electromechanical couplings k(33) of 0.85. This study overcomes the challenge of fabricating textured rhombohedral PZT ceramics by suppressing the chemical reaction between PZT powder and titanate templates.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mihail Slabki, Lalitha Kodumudi Venkataraman, Stefano Checchia, Lovro Fulanovic, John Daniels, Jurij Koruza
Summary: The study measured domain wall motion and lattice strain dynamics of ferroelectrics at resonance using high-power burst excitation and in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction. The research established a general relationship between microstructural strain contributions and macroscopic electromechanical behavior, allowing for the prediction of high-power stability of ferroelectric materials. The results suggest that materials' stability during high-power drive is predominantly related to the basic chemical composition, while piezoelectric hardening mechanisms mainly influence small-signal behavior.
