Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hanzhang Yang, Shuyang Cao
Summary: This paper investigates the non-Gaussian characteristics of tornado pressure loading on a Texas Tech University building model. Measurements of external pressures were taken at multiple radial positions in a tornado-like vortex generated by a simulator. High-order statistical moments of pressure coefficients were studied and compared with the figure for boundary layer wind. Four exponential models were used to fit the probability density of tornado pressures. Results show that non-Gaussian regions of a low-rise building in a tornado-like vortex differ significantly from that in boundary layer wind. The probability density of tornado pressure time series cannot be fitted by a single exponential distribution.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ning Su, Zhiyuan Li, Shitao Peng, Yasushi Uematsu
Summary: The study reveals that in a twin chimney arrangement, the most unfavorable response occurs when the center-to-center spacing to mean diameter ratio is 3, and interference from the upstream chimney can lead to critical wind-induced vortex impingement resonance. The interference factor specified in ACI 307-08 is found to be feasible within a certain range, but can be reduced when design wind velocity exceeds critical velocity. An empirical formula is proposed for economic practical design considering aeroelastic interference effects in such scenarios.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chengdong Feng, Guoqiang Fu, Ming Gu
Summary: This study comprehensively analyzed the effects of wind veering on the structural aeroelastic responses of thousand-meter-scale super high-rise buildings. The comparison between structural dynamic responses with and without considering aeroelasticity was conducted, along with a discussion on the impact of aerodynamic damping on wind-induced vibration responses and the underlying mechanisms illustrated in the light of instantaneous flow fields.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Karim Mostafa, Ioannis Zisis, Ted Stathopoulos
Summary: Recent funding opportunities have led to significant advancements in Wind Engineering research, which can improve wind standards and building codes. Roof overhangs in low-rise buildings are particularly susceptible to wind damage. Through wind tunnel testing, the study investigated the wind-induced loads on roof overhangs and found that the current design guidelines are inadequate in some areas, highlighting the need for improved guidelines.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yong-gui Li, Peng Liu, Yi Li, Jia-hui Yan, Jia Quan
Summary: This study investigated the wind load characteristics of different irregularly shaped high-rise buildings through wind tunnel tests. The effects of U-shape, H-shape, X-shape, and T-shape on wind loads were analyzed. The results showed that the U-shape and H-shape had negligible effects on wind loads, while the X-shape and T-shape models had significant differences compared to the benchmark model.
ADVANCES IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Fabio Rizzo, Luca Caracoglia, Giuseppe Piccardo
Summary: This paper describes a study on wind-induced effects for the design of specialized nonstructural elements in an unconventionally shaped high-rise building. The results focus on estimating wind-induced floor acceleration and examining lateral drift ratio to ensure design integrity and occupant comfort.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Amir Naeiji, Mohammad Moravej, Manuel Matus, Ioannis Zisis
Summary: This study aims to investigate wind-induced loads on canopies attached to taller buildings and provide additional recommendations for the design load calculation of such non-structural attachments. Experimentation was conducted in a wind tunnel with various geometrical parameters considered. The results showed that turbulence generated by the canopy and building edges significantly affected the peak pressures on the attached canopies. Codified design curves were obtained for designing attached canopies to mid-rise buildings.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jinghui Huang, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive characterization of the inelastic response of tall buildings under simultaneous actions of both alongwind and crosswind loads. The results reveal the importance of considering both alongwind and crosswind loads for inelastic response analysis.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Civil
Faruk Ahmed Sakib, Ted Stathopoulos, Anjan K. Bhowmick
Summary: Overhangs are commonly used in residential and industrial buildings for convenience, but they are prone to wind loading which can cause serious damage. Research shows significant discrepancies among different national codes and standards regarding wind pressure on canopies.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Shouke Li, Feipeng Xiao, Shouying Li, Yi Hui, Qingshan Yang, Bixiong Li, Yuankun Chen, Shuai Zhou, Min Liu
Summary: This study investigates the wind effects on solar panels mounted on the facade of a high-rise residential building through wind tunnel testing. The location and inclination angle of the panels are found to have significant effects on the design wind load. Additionally, the study examines the correlation between wind loads on different panels and the complex flow conditions near the panels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL STABILITY AND DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jin Wang, Shuyang Cao
Summary: The study found that tornadoes have a significant impact on buildings, with the intensity of aerodynamic loads being influenced by terrain and building characteristics. Additionally, the tornado wind load provisions introduced in ASCE 7-16 may underestimate the wind loads on buildings with significant openings.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Eri Gavanski, Hiroaki Nishimura
Summary: This study examines wind loads on multi-span roofs of low-rise buildings through wind tunnel tests. The results show that roof shape, roof slope, and the number of spans have significant influences on wind load distribution. The existing design standards underestimate the wind loads on most roof zones of multi-span roofs.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wei Hao, Qingshan Yang
Summary: This study investigates the applicability of RDT in extracting aerodynamic damping of tall buildings. Models of linear and nonlinear aerodynamic damping are applied to simulate crosswind response, considering the effect of random wind load on the characteristics of crosswind response. Aerodynamic damping is extracted through two approaches and compared with target value to examine the accuracy and efficiency of RDT, while demonstrating the influence of varying wind loading spectra on amplitude-dependent aerodynamic damping.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Lakshmana S. Doddipatla, Gregory A. Kopp
Summary: The study explores the vulnerability of roof-mounted equipment to extreme windstorms, finding that wind loads for anchorage design are influenced by equipment size, elevation, and roof location. The uplift wind loads for flush-mounted and elevated equipment differ due to the exposed bottom surface, while the elevation effect on drag wind loads is negligible. Envelope wind loads are distinct from anchorage loads due to differences in local aerodynamics.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
De-Hui Ouyang, E. Deng, Wei-Chao Yang, Yi-Qing Ni, Zheng-Wei Chen, Zhi-Hui Zhu, Gao-Yang Zhou
Summary: The nonlinear aerodynamic loads and dynamic responses caused by crosswind when two trains pass each other are complex and ensuring safety is difficult. A variety of 3D numerical models of train-tunnel-embankment are established using the renormalization group k-epsilon turbulence model and the mosaic grid technology. The variations of aerodynamic load in the numerical model are consistent with the test data, with a maximum error less than 7%. The difference in nonlinear loads and dynamic response between one train and two trains passing each other under crosswinds is compared, and the difference mechanism is disclosed by the flow field. Based on the coupled dynamic response analysis model (wind-train-tunnel-embankment), the difference rule of the derailment coefficient and the rate of wheel load reduction (RWLR) is analyzed using a segmental loading method. The pulse impact produced by trains meeting aggravates the aerodynamic load amplitude, and the amplitude of rolling and yawing moments on the head train increases by 78.31% and 30.88% respectively. When the crosswind speed exceeds 20 m/s, the RWLR enters the dangerous zone.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ming Wang, Xiaozhen Li, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: This technical note focuses on the overturning risk assessment of high-speed trains over multi-span simply supported bridges under crosswind. The study reveals that crosswind is the primary cause of the loss of vertical wheel-rail contact force, while the influence of track irregularities and bridge vibration is secondary.
VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yanchi Wu, Xinzhong Chen, Yunfei Wang
Summary: This study proposes an unscented Kalman filter approach for identifying linear or nonlinear flutter derivatives of bridge decks, with a focus on torsional vibration amplitudes and polynomial representations. The method is capable of simultaneously estimating the augmented state variables of the two degrees of freedom bridge deck system. It also demonstrates the successful extraction of nonlinear FDs and reveals the limitations of linear models, while examining the identification of unknown buffeting force excitations.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Changda Feng, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: This study investigated the uncoupled crosswind and alongwind responses of base-isolated tall buildings under nonstationary wind excitations, using the Bouc-Wen model and evolutionary power spectra for modeling, conducting response time-history analysis, and proposing a method to understand the nonstationary time-varying response statistics.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jinghui Huang, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive characterization of the inelastic response of tall buildings under simultaneous actions of both alongwind and crosswind loads. The results reveal the importance of considering both alongwind and crosswind loads for inelastic response analysis.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zhihao Li, Guoqing Huang, Xinzhong Chen, Xuhong Zhou
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive investigation on the reduced model and seismic response of inter-story isolated buildings. The results show that the reduced building model can accurately estimate important seismic responses, and different dimensionless parameters have an impact on structural responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL STABILITY AND DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yong Wang, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: This study presents a computational fluid dynamics simulation of forced vibration of a bridge deck and proposes a novel forced vibration technique with improved efficiency, extracting amplitude-dependent aerodynamic damping.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jingying Tian, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: This study investigates the impact of biaxial interaction of hysteretic restoring forces of base isolation system on the wind-induced response of base-isolated tall buildings. The results show that the biaxial interaction increases the low-frequency component and decreases the resonant component of lower inelastic base displacement. However, this increase in low-frequency component does not affect the upper building response relative to the base isolation system. Additionally, the biaxial interaction leads to a rapid growth of the time-varying mean alongwind base displacement. The increase in low-frequency component is significant when the yielding level of higher response is significant and the two translational base displacements are quite different in magnitude. The correlation of the two translational base displacements enhances the influence of biaxial interaction. For base-isolated buildings with eccentricity, the alongwind and crosswind base responses are less influenced by biaxial interaction.
ADVANCES IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yunfei Wang, Xinzhong Chen, Yongle Li
Summary: This study revisits the modeling of buffeting forces on bridge decks and investigates the relationship between turbulence and buffeting forces. By measuring and characterizing the pressure distributions on a streamlined bridge deck in a wind tunnel, the characteristics of static force coefficients and admittances are analyzed. The results highlight the importance of appropriate simulation of large-scale turbulence in wind tunnel and estimation of buffeting responses of long-span bridges.
JOURNAL OF BRIDGE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yong Wang, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: This study validates the accuracy of large-eddy simulation of wind pressures and loads on high-rise buildings at various angles of attack, and proposes local octree mesh refinement as an efficient strategy to improve simulation accuracy.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jinghui Huang, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: This study examined the accuracy of a reduced-order building model approach for inelastic response analysis of tall buildings under simultaneous actions of both alongwind and crosswind loadings. The results demonstrate the accuracy of the reduced-order building model and highlight the challenges faced in the estimation of time-varying mean component of inelastic response.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jingying Tian, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: This study presents an analysis framework for studying the coupled inelastic response of base-isolated tall buildings with eccentricities of mass and resistance and coupled hysteretic restoring forces of base isolation system. The influence of eccentricity on the responses of the building is investigated through response history analysis. The results show that eccentricity amplifies the alongwind response but has less effect on the larger crosswind and torsional responses.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jinghui Huang, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: Three reduced-order building models were developed based on a nonlinear finite element model of a 60 -story steel building, with different biaxial hysteretic generalized restoring force and displacement relations. These models accurately estimated fluctuating responses but overestimated time-varying mean alongwind displacement. An improved estimation method for time-varying mean alongwind displacement was presented. The study also investigated the influence of biaxial interaction on inelastic responses, showing that it leads to faster growth of time-varying mean displacement but does not affect its steady-state value.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zhihao Li, Xinzhong Chen, Guoqing Huang, Qingshan Yang, Xuhong Zhou, Huawei Pang
Summary: This study establishes an analysis framework for the coupled dynamic response of tall buildings isolated with multiple friction pendulum bearings (FPBs) under three-dimensional wind loads. The study quantifies the building's displacement, acceleration, and the displacements of the base slab and bearings under different wind load conditions. The research also examines the distribution of friction-induced dissipation energy and evaluates the dynamic response of a fixed-base building for comparison. Additionally, it investigates the influences of stiffness eccentricity and torsional frequency on corner acceleration to reveal torsional coupling effects.
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zhihao Li, Xinzhong Chen, Guoqing Huang, Ahsan Kareem, Xuhong Zhou
Summary: This paper investigates the dynamic response characteristics of base-isolated high-rise buildings with frictional pendulum bearings (FPB) under uncoupled alongwind and crosswind loads. Two statistical linearization methods are used to estimate the standard deviation of the structural response and obtain the equivalent parameters of the linearized system. Additionally, the time-varying mean of the base displacement under alongwind load with a non-zero mean is discussed. Parameter analysis is performed to examine the effects of sliding plate radius and friction coefficient on wind-induced vibration. This study highlights the nonlinear response characteristics of base-isolated high-rise buildings with FPB and provides design guidelines for strong winds.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jinghui Huang, Xinzhong Chen
Summary: The influence of uncertainties on wind-induced inelastic building response is quantified using a reduced-order building model. The basic uncertain parameters include modal mass, stiffness, damping ratio, yielding displacement, and loading power spectra. The results showed that the uncertainty in response standard deviation is mainly caused by the uncertainty of modal damping ratio for elastic response, while it is further contributed by the uncertainty of the yielding displacement for inelastic response. The influence of randomness, sampling uncertainty, and parameter uncertainty on extreme response is also determined.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)