Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mariana Sanchez Diaz, Adrian Martin-Castellanos, Valentin E. Fernandez-Elias, Olga Lopez Torres, Jorge Lorenzo Calvo
Summary: This review examines the impact of polyphenol consumption on muscle recovery in team sport athletes. It suggests that polyphenols may have a positive effect on recovery after exercise-induced muscle damage, but the certainty of these effects in both females and males remains moderate to very low. Further research, particularly in females, is needed to confirm these findings.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniel Baldo Vela, Noelia Bonfanti, Luis Antonio Villarino Marin
Summary: Men who practice team sports may also be a high-risk group for the development of eating disorders. A study found that about 20.36% of team sports players showed clinical features compatible with an eating disorder diagnosis. Being younger than 21 years, having a BMI larger than 25 kg/m(2), and perceiving high-level pressure from the coach and/or family were identified as risk factors for eating disorders in men who practice team sports.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hadi Nobari, Norbert Keshish Banoocy, Rafael Oliveira, Jorge Perez-Gomez
Summary: The study revealed significant variations in match duration, accelerometer variables, and MPA within and between matches. Regardless of match outcome, the first half appears to produce greater outputs.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Monica Castillo, Mar Lozano-Casanova, Isabel Sospedra, Aurora Norte, Ana Gutierrez-Hervas, Jose Miguel Martinez-Sanz
Summary: Indoor team sports athletes have inadequate dietary intake and fail to meet nutritional recommendations in terms of energy, carbohydrates, and fats. Only 28.6% of studies found that athletes met the recommendations for protein intake. Adapted recommendations are needed to accurately assess athletes' dietary intake.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Filip Skala, Erika Zemkova
Summary: Fatigue can affect the cognitive functioning of athletes, especially in sports with high cognitive demands. Prolonged exercise leads to a decline in decision-making, attention, and perception abilities of players. Mental fatigue and consequent decision-making deterioration can be triggered by a certain amount of time spent on cognitive tasks or exposure to smartphone applications. However, the specific effects depend on the intensity and duration of the fatigue-inducing tasks.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Juan Antonio Sanchez-Saez, Javier Sanchez-Sanchez, Alejandro Martinez-Rodriguez, Jose Luis Felipe, Jorge Garcia-Unanue, Daniel Lara-Cobos
Summary: This study analyzed the physical demands of elite female beach handball players during official competitions, revealing that the sport involves high-intensity intermittent efforts. These findings can aid in setting training objectives to optimize player performance.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michele Renard, David T. Kelly, Niamh Ni Cheilleachair, Ciaran O. Cathain
Summary: Female field-based team sport athletes generally have insufficient dietary intake, particularly in terms of overall energy, carbohydrate, and iron intake, when compared to dietary recommendations. Further research is needed to understand the reasons behind this and to explore the potential negative consequences.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jayachandran P. Thayyil, Anthony M. McCaffrey, Yong Wang, David R. Themens, Christopher Watson, Benjamin Reid, Qinghe Zhang, Zanyang Xing
Summary: A study was conducted on GPS signal scintillation associated with a polar cap patch using a GPS network, ionosonde, and SuperDARN radar measurements. The observations showed that the patch moved antisunward with an average speed of 600 m/s and lasted for about 2 hours, with significant scintillation occurring on the leading edge. The scintillation was maintained as the patch moved, creating irregularities on the leading edge.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Michael S. S. Braasch
Summary: The global positioning system (GPS) has transformed modern society and military operations. This article reviews its intriguing history and unveils lesser-known aspects. Initially, the program faced continuous risks of being discontinued due to its small budget, forcing designers to be exceptionally innovative in meeting objectives. An international crisis eventually ensured GPS availability worldwide, but security concerns limited public access to GPS performance for several years. Presently, four independent constellations provide global service, and countless receivers have been produced at a fraction of the early units' cost.
IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Russ Best, Jane M. Williams, Jeni Pearce
Summary: This review synthesizes available evidence on rider physiology in equestrian disciplines, providing nutrition and hydration recommendations and discussing challenges and future research directions in the equestrian environment.
Article
Sport Sciences
Neil Collins, Ryan White, Anna Palczewska, Dan Weaving, Nicholas Dalton-Barron, Ben Jones
Summary: This study used the SMP algorithm to analyze the movement patterns in rugby league matches and found differences between different levels of competition. Higher levels of competition may have greater velocity demands.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Hadi Nobari, Nader Alijanpour, Alexandre Duarte Martins, Rafael Oliveira
Summary: The study aims to compare the workload variations between starters and non-starters in different periods of a professional soccer season and found that the ACWR and EWMA indexes were useful in detecting differences in workload between different periods and playing statuses. Additionally, the study highlighted the importance of adequately preparing non-starter players to maintain performance.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Magdalena Kaszuba, Olga Klocek, Michal Spieszny, Aleksandra Filip-Stachnik
Summary: A study found that chewing caffeinated gum can significantly improve the accuracy of volleyball attacks, but has no effect on jumping, running, and other skill-based tests.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Abdulkadir Uzun, Firas Abdul Ghani, Amir Mohsen Ahmadi Najafabadi, Husnu Yenigun, Ibrahim Tekin
Summary: This paper presents an indoor positioning system using GPS signals in the 433 MHz ISM band, demonstrated experimentally under both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight conditions on a building floor. The system utilizes down-converting repeaters and an up-converting receiver to transmit and receive GPS signals effectively for indoor positioning.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mohammad Marvasti, Halim Boutayeb
Summary: This paper presents a full-wave analysis of the Sagnac effect using a direct FDTD approach, considering the motion of the source, observer, and dielectric medium. Numerical analyses are performed using different structures and a technique for implementing the Fresnel-Lorentz drag effect is proposed. The obtained results agree with experimental data and the work has potential applications in the design of electromagnetic gyroscopes.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Nick Dobbin, Jamie Highton, Samantha L. Moss, Richard Hunwicks, Craig Twist
Summary: This study investigated the concurrent validity of a rugby-specific high-intensity intermittent running test in comparison to internal, external, and perceptual responses to simulated match play. The results showed that the prone Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test was strongly related to changes in distance during match simulation and was more strongly associated with measures of training or match load in rugby league players.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
John F. T. Fernandes, Kevin L. Lamb, Cain C. T. Clark, Jason Moran, Ben Drury, Amador Garcia-Ramos, Craig Twist
Summary: The FitroDyne and GymAware rotary encoders show significant discrepancies in recording movement velocity, with peak velocity values for GymAware being significantly lower than FitroDyne. While there is a certain level of correlation between the two devices, the random errors are substantial and unacceptable, particularly for peak velocity values.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Matthew Fairbank, Jamie Highton, Craig Twist
Summary: Using passive heat maintenance (PHM) after a warm-up can improve high-intensity running performance in rugby players during simulated matches. Players wearing PHM garments showed higher high-intensity running and peak sprint speed compared to those without, suggesting the potential benefits of using PHM to enhance performance in rugby.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Thomas Mullen, Craig Twist, Jamie Highton
Summary: The study found that implementing a rugby league protocol with more stochastic commands resulted in higher mental demand, increased sprint speed, more errors, and decreased maximum voluntary contraction peak torque and voluntary activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
John F. T. Fernandes, Kevin L. Lamb, Jonathan P. Norris, Jason Moran, Benjamin Drury, Nattai R. Borges, Craig Twist
Summary: The effects of resistance training on muscle damage and recovery in older males remain controversial. Some studies suggest worse symptoms in older populations compared to younger ones, while others show opposite results, and some find no significant differences between age groups. More research is needed to investigate the mechanisms underlying muscle soreness and strength recovery in the older population.
JOURNAL OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Rebecca Pentith, Samantha Louise Moss, Kevin Lamb, Carmel Edwards
Summary: The study found that 79% of young female competitive Irish dancers exhibit perfectionistic tendencies, with most commonly using planful problem-solving, seeking social support, distancing, and self-control strategies to cope with injuries. Planful problem-solving was widely used by the mixed perfectionism group, while confrontive coping was not common. Medical practitioners are advised to acknowledge perfectionistic tendencies when supporting dancers to reduce negative psychological impacts.
JOURNAL OF DANCE MEDICINE & SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Alan Chorley, Richard P. Bott, Simon Marwood, Kevin L. Lamb
Summary: The study found that the kinetics of W' reconstitution in trained cyclists were best described by a bi-exponential model with distinct fast and slow phases, each corresponding to different time constants. The amplitudes of the FC and SC remained unchanged with repeated bouts, with a slowing of W' reconstitution confined to an increase in the time constant of the slow component.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Matthew Fairbank, Jamie Highton, Matthew Daniels, Craig Twist
Summary: This study reports on the content and periodisation of the preseason field-based training for a professional rugby league team, emphasizing how skill and games-based training significantly contribute to the overall load.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING
(2022)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Chelsea L. Oxendale, Jamie Highton, Grace Smith, Craig Twist
Summary: The study aimed to compare the effects of running with multiple directional changes and running without directional changes on movement, physiological, and muscle function. The results indicated that time at high metabolic power better reflected the increased internal response during running with more directional changes, while high speed running was more suitable for linear running.
RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Nick Dobbin, Cari Thorpe, Jamie Highton, Craig Twist
Summary: This study aimed to examine the influence of individual and situational factors on the movement characteristics and internal responses of players in an international Touch tournament. The results showed that there were associations between movement characteristics and internal responses with individual and situational factors.
SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN FOOTBALL
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Craig Twist, Richard Bott, Jamie Highton
Summary: The study showed that running HIIT had higher absolute oxygen consumption and heart rate compared to cycling HIIT. Total time at high intensity threshold (V) over dotO(2max) was higher in running than cycling. Overall perception of effort and leg specific effort were similar between running and cycling, but breathing effort was higher in running. Additionally, maximal isometric knee extension force remained unchanged after running but experienced a moderate reduction after cycling.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Alan Chorley, Kevin L. Lamb
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of different recovery intensities on the power outputs of repeated severe intensity intervals and the implications for W' reconstitution in trained cyclists. The results showed that reducing recovery intensities below 50% of FTP failed to enhance subsequent severe intensity intervals, suggesting that a lower limit for optimal W' reconstitution had been reached. In addition, it was found that adopting a self-selected recovery strategy might be preferential for interval training sessions.
SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Alan Chorley, Simon Marwood, Kevin L. Lamb
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different recovery power outputs on the reconstitution of W' and to develop a dynamic bi-exponential model of W' during depletion and reconstitution. The study found that W' reconstitution slowed disproportionately as recovery power output increased and increased with recovery duration. The dynamic bi-exponential model of W' can be customized for individuals from known CP and W' and a single additional test session, facilitating real-time decisions about pacing and tactics during competition.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Samantha L. Moss, Edward Brindley, Kevin Enright, Jamie Highton, Richard Bott
Summary: This study found that ingestion of 900 mg of New Zealand Blackcurrant extract as an acute dose can improve performance in trained male runners without altering physiological or metabolic responses to exercise.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Robert D. Williams, Scott Gillham, Jamie Highton, Craig Twist
Summary: The study found that a 30-minute warm-up led to higher total distance, high- and low-speed running, and tympanic temperature compared to a 10-minute warm-up. However, differences in relative distance and heart rate were unclear. Participants' readiness to exercise after the warm-ups, movement characteristics during the simulation, RPE, and B[La] levels were mostly unclear, with only trivial changes in high-speed running and heart rate between the two playing bouts after the 30 min warm-up trial.
SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN FOOTBALL
(2021)