期刊
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
卷 27, 期 2, 页码 139-149出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/02640410802442007
关键词
Decision making; ecological psychology; cognition; soft-modelling; representative design; pattern recognition
资金
- Federal Institute for Sport Science [VF 0407/06/12/2001-2002]
Experts in ball games are characterized by extraordinary creative behaviour. This article outlines a framework for analysing types of individual development of creative performance based on neural networks. Therefore, two kinds of sport-specific training programme for the learning of game creativity in real field contexts were investigated. Two training groups (soccer, n=20; field hockey, n=17) but not a control group (n=18) improved with respect to three measuring points (P0.001), although no difference could be established between the two training groups (P=0.212). By using neural networks it is now possible to distinguish between five types of learning behaviour in the development of performance, the most striking ones being what we call up-down and down-up. In the field hockey group in particular, an up-down fluctuation process was identified, whereby creative performance increases initially, but at the end is worse than in the middle of the training programme. The reverse down-up fluctuation process was identified mainly in the soccer group. The results are discussed with regard to recent training explanation models, such as the super-compensation theory, with a view to further development of neural network applications.
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