Article
Agronomy
Idan Shoam, Claudia E. Calderon, Maggie Levy
Summary: It was demonstrated in this study that Pseudozyma aphidis can significantly enhance the growth and yield of crop plants, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
Article
Plant Sciences
Naoki Yokotani, Yoshinori Hasegawa, Masaru Sato, Hideki Hirakawa, Yusuke Kouzai, Yoko Nishizawa, Eiji Yamamoto, Yoshiki Naito, Sachiko Isobe
Summary: Bacterial canker of tomato caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is an economically important disease. The host defense response to Cmm infection in tomato mainly involves the overexpression of genes related to defense response, phosphorylation, and hormone signaling, with some resistance genes being induced post-infection, indicating SA signaling may regulate Cmm-responsive genes.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Huseyin Basim, Esin Basim, Huseyin Tombuloglu, Turgay Unver
Summary: The transcriptome responses of Cmm-resistant and -susceptible tomato lines were compared after inoculation with Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Differentially expressed genes were identified, with susceptible lines showing more genes involved in biological processes and molecular functions, while resistant lines exhibited distinct defense response and stress-related genes upon inoculation. This study provides insights for molecular breeding studies aiming to control the pathogen in tomato.
Article
Plant Sciences
Juan-Antonio Valencia-Hernandez, Nallely Solano-Alvarez, Miguel-Angel Rico-Rodriguez, Areli Rodriguez-Ontiveros, Irineo Torres-Pacheco, Enrique Rico-Garcia, Ramon-Gerardo Guevara-Gonzalez
Summary: This study evaluated the induction of defense mechanisms and protective effects against Cmm using low doses of cadmium in soil for tomato plants. The results showed that a dose of 60µg/kg significantly improved plant performance and increased tolerance against Cmm infections.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dikran Tsitsekian, Gerasimos Daras, Konstantina Karamanou, Dimitris Templalexis, Konstantinos Koudounas, Dimitris Malliarakis, Theologos Koufakis, Dimitris Chatzopoulos, Dimitris Goumas, Vardis Ntoukakis, Polydefkis Hatzopoulos, Stamatis Rigas
Summary: Upon infection by the gram-positive pathogenic bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, tomato plants exhibit two temporally separated defense responses, with a progressive down-regulation of key genes encoding for components of the photosynthetic apparatus observed during the process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Horticulture
Caterina Morcia, Isabella Piazza, Roberta Ghizzoni, Valeria Terzi, Ilaria Carrara, Giovanni Bolli, Giorgio Chiusa
Summary: In this study, a method based on chip digital PCR (cdPCR) was developed to identify and quantify the important bacterial pathogens Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) and Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs) in tomatoes. The assays were effective in detecting and quantifying the bacteria in pure samples as well as naturally contaminated or spiked tomato samples. The cdPCR assays proposed can be used for rapid and accurate detection of these high-risk quarantine bacteria to prevent the spread of pathogens and occurrence of diseases in other areas.
Article
Plant Sciences
Eleni Koseoglou, Katharina Hanika, Mas Mohd M. Nadzir, Wouter Kohlen, Jan M. Van der Wolf, Richard G. F. Visser, Yuling Bai
Summary: Tomato bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis is a destructive disease with no resistance identified. This study finds that tomato gene SlWAT1 is a susceptibility gene to the pathogen. Inactivation of SlWAT1 reduces susceptibility by affecting hormone content and bacterial virulence factor expression.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Dimitris Malliarakis, Marianthi G. Pagoulatou, Evaggelia Mpalantinaki, Emmanouil Trantas, Filippos Ververidis, Dimitrios E. Goumas
Summary: Through multi-locus sequencing analysis, it was found that the pathogen of tomato bacterial canker in Greece has genetic variability, but the classification of strains does not match the geographical distribution, likely due to the introduction of infected propagating material. However, strains isolated from the same area in different years belong to the same group, indicating that the pathogen can remain active between growing seasons. This study provides important epidemiological information on disease outbreaks and the spread of Cmm in Greece.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nallely Solano-Alvarez, Juan Antonio Valencia-Hernandez, Enrique Rico-Garcia, Irineo Torres-Pacheco, Rosalia Virginia Ocampo-Velazquez, Eleazar Maximo Escamilla-Silva, Ana Luz Romero-Garcia, Angel G. Alpuche-Solis, Ramon Gerardo Guevara-Gonzalez
Summary: The bacterial isolate Bacillus cereus strain Amazcala (B.c-A) from castor bean roots displayed the ability to promote tomato plant growth and significantly reduce the severity of bacterial canker disease caused by Clavibacter michiganensis (Cmm) under greenhouse conditions, indicating its potential as a plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and disease control tool.
Article
Plant Sciences
Denisse Yatzely Mercado-Meza, Ramon Gerardo Guevara-Gonzalez, Karen Esquivel, Ireri Carbajal-Valenzuela, Graciela Dolores Avila-Quezada
Summary: This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) in tomato plants. The results showed that Mo-AgNPs effectively reduced the disease severity caused by Cmm, making them a promising alternative for controlling Cmm on tomato plants.
Article
Microbiology
Hwajin Jang, Sang Tae Kim, Mee Kyung Sang
Summary: The water extracts of strains H8-1 and K203 can control the proliferation of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) and reduce wilting in tomato plants caused by Cmm. These extracts inhibit the expression of certain Cmm genes, increase antioxidant enzyme activity in plants, and enhance soil enzyme activity, promoting plant growth.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yao Li, Xing Chen, Xiaoli Xu, Chengxuan Yu, Yan Liu, Na Jiang, Jianqiang Li, Laixin Luo
Summary: pbpC is essential for maintaining cell morphology and stress responses in C. michiganensis, and its deletion enhances bacterial pathogenicity by upregulating virulence genes, increasing exoenzyme activities, biofilm formation, and EPS production. EPS is responsible for the enhancement in bacterial pathogenicity, as demonstrated by the injection of a gradient of EPS intensifying the degree of necrotic stem cankers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
In Woong Park, In Sun Hwang, Eom-Ji Oh, Choon-Tak Kwon, Chang-Sik Oh
Summary: Clavibacter michiganensis causes bacterial canker and wilting in host plants. Nicotiana benthamiana is a surrogate host for C. michiganensis and C. capsici. C. michiganensis induced blister-like lesions, canker, and wilting in N. benthamiana, and the celA and pat-1 genes were not necessary for symptom development.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Willem Desmedt, Wim Jonckheere, Viet Ha Nguyen, Maarten Ameye, Noemie De Zutter, Karen De Kock, Jane Debode, Thomas Van Leeuwen, Kris Audenaert, Bartel Vanholme, Tina Kyndt
Summary: In this study, transient perturbation of the phenylpropanoid pathway was shown to trigger systemic, broad-spectrum resistance in plants by reprogramming metabolism and inducing immune signaling pathways, highlighting the crucial regulatory role of this pathway in plant immunity.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biology
Chandrashekar Srinivasa, Sharanaiah Umesha, Sushma Pradeep, Ramith Ramu, S. M. Gopinath, Mohammad Azam Ansari, Mohammad N. Alomary, Abuzer Ali, Wasim Ahmad, Shiva Prasad Kollur, Chandan Shivamallu
Summary: This study investigated the effect of salicylic acid (SA) on the management of bacterial spot disease in tomatoes caused by Xanthomonas perforans. The results showed that SA treatment significantly improved seed germination and seedling vigor, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and promoted mRNA accumulation in the resistant variety. These findings indicate that seed priming with SA can effectively elicit defense response against bacterial spot disease in tomato seedlings.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David Vela-Corcia, Dhruv Aditya Srivastava, Avis Dafa-Berger, Neta Rotem, Omer Barda, Maggie Levy
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Sudharsan Sadhasivam, Orr H. Shapiro, Carmit Ziv, Omer Barda, Varda Zakin, Edward Sionov
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Omer Barda, Uriel Maor, Sudharsan Sadhasivam, Yang Bi, Varda Zakin, Dov Prusky, Edward Sionov
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Joanna Tannous, Omer Barda, Dianiris Luciano-Rosario, Dov B. Prusky, Edward Sionov, Nancy P. Keller
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Uriel Maor, Omer Barda, Sudharsan Sadhasivam, Yang Bi, Varda Zakin, Dov B. Prusky, Edward Sionov
Summary: The study found that limited sugar content, low pH levels, and high malic acid concentrations activate OTA biosynthesis by Aspergillus carbonarius in grapes, suggesting that fruit host factors have a significant impact on the production and accumulation of OTA.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sudharsan Sadhasivam, Omer Barda, Varda Zakin, Ram Reifen, Edward Sionov
Summary: In this study, a cost-effective method using HPLC coupled with spectroscopic detectors was developed for the detection and quantification of PAT and CTN in pome fruits without the need for clean-up steps. The method showed good performance in analyzing these mycotoxins in apple and pear fruit samples, providing rapid and accurate detection. The study findings indicate that the newly developed HPLC method is a reliable approach for PAT and CTN analysis in fruits.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Or Shalev, Christoph Ratzke
Summary: This study examines how microbes adapt to living in host-associated and host-free environments. It addresses the lack of understanding on what this lifestyle means for microbes.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Or Shalev, Haim Ashkenazy, Manuela Neumann, Detlef Weigel
Summary: Plants are protected not only by their own immunity but also by commensal microbes. In interaction between a pathogenic Pseudomonas strain and naturally co-occurring commensals, non-pathogenic Pseudomonas were found to provide plant protection. Different bacterial genes linked to plant protection in each lineage were discovered through genome-wide association, highlighting iron acquisition and biofilm formation as prominent mechanisms of plant protection.
Article
Plant Sciences
Omer Barda, Maggie Levy
Summary: IQD1 is an important defensive protein in Arabidopsis thaliana against Botrytis cinerea, integrated into several pathways involved in plant defense and hormone responses.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Or Shalev, Talia L. Karasov, Derek S. Lundberg, Haim Ashkenazy, Pratchaya Pramoj Na Ayutthaya, Detlef Weigel
Summary: The community structure in the plant-associated microbiome is influenced by interactions between the host and microbes, as well as among different microbes. In this study, the researchers found that commensal Pseudomonas strains can induce a host response that selectively inhibits specific pathogenic strains, providing plant protection. The extent of this protection depends on the genetic variation of the host plant.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Or Shalev, Xiaozhou Ye, Christoph Ratzke
Summary: The researchers replicated evolution in the laboratory and observed the process of single-celled yeast forming large multicellular aggregates.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Omer Barda, Sudharsan Sadhasivam, Di Gong, Adi Doron-Faigenboim, Varda Zakin, Milton T. Drott, Edward Sionov
Summary: Aspergillus flavus is a mycotoxigenic fungus that contaminates important agricultural crops with a toxic and carcinogenic compound and causes invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. The emergence of azole resistance in this fungus is usually associated with mutations in specific genes. However, this study found that adaptation to voriconazole exposure was achieved through aneuploidy, which resulted in duplication of specific chromosomes. This discovery provides new insights into azole resistance mechanisms in this filamentous fungus.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sami Saarenpaeae, Or Shalev, Haim Ashkenazy, Vanessa Carlos, Derek Severi Lundberg, Detlef Weigel, Stefania Giacomello
Summary: The interactions between microorganisms and their multicellular host are crucial for understanding plant or animal tissues. However, current technology hinders the study of spatial interactions between the host and its colonizing microorganisms. In this study, we introduce spatial metatranscriptomics (SmT), a sequencing-based approach that allows simultaneous characterization of host transcriptome and microbiome at a high spatial resolution. The SmT technique was applied to outdoor-grown Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and revealed tissue-scale hotspots of bacteria and fungi. By analyzing networks, we investigated the spatial interactions between microorganisms from different kingdoms, as well as the host response to microbial hotspots. SmT provides a valuable approach for studying the interplay between host and microbiome.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Dianiris Luciano-Rosario, Omer Barda, Joanna Tannous, Dean Frawley, Ozgur Bayram, Dov Prusky, Edward Sionov, Nancy P. Keller
Summary: Epigenetic modification plays an important role in secondary metabolism and sporulation in filamentous fungal pathogens. The SntB protein, along with KdmB and RpdA, is crucial for the regulation of virulence, spore production, and mycotoxin synthesis in Penicillium expansum.
FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Uriel Maor, Omer Barda, Sudharsan Sadhasivam, Yang Bi, Elena Levin, Varda Zakin, Dov B. Prusky, Edward Sionov
Summary: The pathogenicity of Aspergillus carbonarius is mainly regulated by the global regulators LaeA and GOX, which modulate fungal pathogenicity by controlling transcription of genes important for fungal secondary metabolism and infection.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2021)