Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tomohito Yamasaki, Ryutaro Tokutsu, Haruhi Sawa, Nazifa Naziha Razali, Momoka Hayashi, Jun Minagawa
Summary: Small RNAs form complexes with Argonaute proteins to repress gene expression. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, sRNAs contribute to the induction of photoprotection mediated by the blue-light receptor phototropin (PHOT) and the expression of LIGHT HARVESTING COMPLEX STRESS-RELATED 3 (LHCSR3). The sRNAs regulate the degree of photoprotection by controlling the expression of PHOT.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Maira Anam, Helena I. Gomes, Geoffrey Rivers, Rachel L. Gomes, Ricky Wildman
Summary: Biological photovoltaic (BPV) cells are living solar panels that can produce clean energy by extracting electrons from sunlight and stored carbon in microbial cells. The physicochemical properties of anode surfaces impact the electrochemical charge transfer rate and play a significant role in regulating metabolic reactions. Various electrically conductive materials have been explored as solid-state anodes to improve BPV systems, but current systems still face challenges due to low power density and a lack of systematic optimization.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leticia Guadalupe Fragoso-Morales, Jose Correa-Basurto, Martha Cecilia Rosales-Hernandez
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a major human dementia characterized by memory loss associated with oxidative stress in brain cells. Overexpression of NADPH oxidase in AD leads to the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen species, damaging brain cells and vasculature, making it a potential therapeutic target for AD.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Pooja Singh, Vipul Mishra, Durgesh Kumar Tripathi, Francisco J. Corpas, Vijay Pratap Singh
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in plant development and stress response. Recent research by Li et al. showed that ROS production is regulated by receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK)-mediated phosphorylation of respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RBOHD), which in turn modulates plant immunity and enhances biotic stress tolerance.
TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anthony L. Sylvester, David X. Zhang, Sophia Ran, Natalya S. Zinkevich
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in health and disease, with both beneficial and harmful effects. Different sources of ROS have different roles in various pathologies. NOX1 is associated with hypertension through ROS production, making it a promising therapeutic target. NOX2 and NOX4 produce hydrogen peroxide, influencing cellular processes. Increased ROS production from NOX5 contributes to atherosclerosis.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Vera Slaveykova, Sanghamitra Majumdar, Nicole Regier, Weiwei Li, Arturo A. Keller
Summary: Metabolomics was used to study the response of green alga to sublethal concentrations of inorganic mercury and monomethylmercury. The alga adjusted its metabolism by increasing levels of various metabolites involved in different pathways after exposure to low concentrations of mercury compounds. Exposure to inorganic mercury resulted in more pronounced metabolic perturbations in comparison to monomethylmercury, while most metabolic disturbances were common between the two treatments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shouji Matsushima, Junichi Sadoshima
Summary: Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury. NADPH oxidase (Nox) 2 and 4, major sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiomyocytes, are upregulated in response to I/R. Suppression of Nox-derived ROS can prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to reduced myocardial I/R injury. However, minimal levels of ROS by either Nox2 or Nox4 are required for energy metabolism during I/R in order to preserve the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR alpha). Furthermore, extreme suppression of Nox activity may lead to reductive stress and paradoxical increases in ROS levels. Nox4 has different roles in organelles such as mitochondria, ER, and ER-mitochondria contact sites (MAMs). Mitochondrial Nox4 has a detrimental effect, causing ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction during I/R, whereas Nox4 in the ER and MAMs may potentially protect against I/R injury through regulation of autophagy and MAM function, respectively. Although Nox isoforms are potential therapeutic targets for I/R injury, it is important to optimize ROS levels and selectively inhibit Nox4 in mitochondria to maximize the effect of intervention.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zihui Huang, Liangliang Shen, Wenda Wang, Zhiyuan Mao, Xiaohan Yi, Tingyun Kuang, Jian-Ren Shen, Xing Zhang, Guangye Han
Summary: Photosystems I and II undergo state transitions to balance light energy distribution and optimize photosynthesis, with the cryo-EM structure of a PSI-LHCI-LHCII supercomplex from C. reinhardtii revealing subunit organization and energy transfer pathways.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Nuha Milad Ashtiwi, Demba Sarr, Balazs Rada
Summary: DUOX1, a member of NADPH oxidases, plays important physiological, immunological, and biochemical roles in the body. While predominantly expressed in epithelial lineages, DUOX1 is often silenced in epithelial-derived cancers due to epigenetic mechanisms. Studies suggest a causative relationship between DUOX1 function and disease pathophysiology.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hassan Dakik, Maya El Dor, Joan Leclerc, Farah Kouzi, Ali Nehme, Margaux Deynoux, Christelle Debeissat, Georges Khamis, Elfi Ducrocq, Aida Ibrik, Marie-Jose Stasia, Houssam Raad, Hamid Reza Rezvani, Fabrice Gouilleux, Kazem Zibara, Olivier Herault, Frederic Mazurier
Summary: The study found that NOX2 is widely expressed in AML blasts, especially in certain types of cells, but less expressed in stem cells and relapsed AML. Endogenous NOX activity could not be detected without stimulation. Although CYBB knockdown affected NOX2 activity, it did not impact the proliferation and differentiation of THP-1 and HL-60 cells.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Lishan Yao, Fangfang Ban, Shurui Peng, Dan Xu, Hongbo Li, Haizhen Mo, Liangbin Hu, Xiaohui Zhou
Summary: This study revealed an unexpected inhibitory role of ferrous sulfate on Aspergillus flavus and identified a pathway of exogenous Fe2+-triggered conidial ferroptosis mediated by NoxA of the fungus. This finding provides a potential alternative strategy to control this pathogen.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose L. Martin, Aaqil Khan, Elena E. Grintsevich
Summary: Mical family enzymes are unique regulators of actin that promote filament disassembly and hydrogen peroxide generation. The intrinsic dynamics of Mical-oxidized actin isoforms vary, which is related to the patterns of hydrogen peroxide generation. Furthermore, actin stabilization is linked to the activation of MICALs' NADPH oxidase activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Noam Shahar, Tamar Elman, Rosalind Williams-Carrier, Oren Ben-Zvi, Iftach Yacoby, Alice Barkan
Summary: The genomes of microalgal chloroplasts have advantages for expressing foreign proteins, but efficient systems are needed to regulate their expression. Studies show that nucleus-encoded chloroplast gene activators from land plants can activate chloroplast transgenes in microalgae. However, limited activation may be due to suboptimal expression of the nuclear transgenes.
ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vivien Hotter, David Zopf, Hak Joong Kim, Anja Silge, Michael Schmitt, Prasad Aiyar, Johanna Fleck, Christian Matthaus, Julian Hniopek, Qing Yan, Joyce Loper, Severin Sasso, Christian Hertweck, Jurgen Popp, Maria Mittag
Summary: The interaction between algae and bacteria involves a complex molecular strategy, with bacteria using protegencin and orfamide A to disrupt the visual system and behavior of algae. This study highlights the multifaceted ways in which microorganisms can impact the growth and development of algae in nature.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sun Hee Park, Young Seok Song
Summary: In a biophotovoltaic cell, mass transfer performance was enhanced using hydrodynamic flow, with the combination of carbon nanotubes and microbial photosynthetic cells. Experimental results showed a significantly enhanced photocurrent when applying transverse flow to the electrode.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xue-Mei Yang, Jing-Hao Zhao, Xiao-Yu Xiong, Zhang-Wei Hu, Ji-Fen Sun, Hao Su, Yan-Jing Liu, Ling Xiang, Yong Zhu, Jin-Lu Li, Sadam Hussain Bhutto, Guo-Bang Li, Shi-Xin Zhou, Chi Li, Mei Pu, He Wang, Zhi-Xue Zhao, Ji-Wei Zhang, Yan-Yan Huang, Jing Fan, Wen-Ming Wang, Yan Li
Summary: The Arabidopsis RPW8.1 gene enhances disease resistance but compromises plant growth. It has been found that RPW8.1 constitutively enhances the expression of WRKY51 transcription factor and activates salicylic acid and ethylene signaling pathways. WRKY51, in turn, suppresses RPW8.1 expression, forming a feedback regulation loop.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hannes Claeys, Eveline Neyrinck, Lies Dumoulin, Anne Pharazyn, Arne Verstichele, Laurens Pauwels, Michael L. Nuccio, Frederic Van Ex
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Melanie Ormancey, Bruno Guillotin, Camille Ribeyre, Clemence Medina, Nathanael Jariais, Helene San Clemente, Patrice Thuleau, Serge Plaza, Martina Beck, Jean-Philippe Combier
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Edgar Perez-Matas, Diego Hidalgo-Martinez, Elisabeth Moyano, Javier Palazon, Mercedes Bonfill
Summary: In this study, the production of paclitaxel was enhanced by overexpressing the bottleneck genes BAPT and DBTNBT in Taxus baccata cells. The transgenic cells showed significantly higher expression of these genes and improved taxane production compared to the wild type. Transcriptional profiling revealed that the GGPPS, TXS, and DBAT genes were most responsive to DBTNBT overexpression and the dual elicitation treatment.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Biying Dong, Dong Meng, Zhihua Song, Hongyan Cao, Tingting Du, Meng Qi, Shengjie Wang, Jingyi Xue, Qing Yang, Yujie Fu
Summary: This study identified the involvement of the citrate transporter CcMATE35 and the long noncoding RNA CcLTCS in aluminum stress response in pigeon pea. These findings suggest that the modules CcNFYB3-CcMATE35 and CcLTCS-CcCS jointly regulate the efflux and synthesis of citrate to enhance the resistance of pigeon pea under aluminum stress.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tien V. Vu, Ngan Thi Nguyen, Jihae Kim, Jong Chan Hong, Jae-Yean Kim
Summary: Prime editing technology uses an extended guide RNA to direct a fusion peptide to a specific location in the genome, enabling precise gene editing. This groundbreaking tool has potential in improving crop varieties, but efficiency limitations exist in certain plants.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yan Xu, Jinyi Tan, Junxing Lu, Yuelin Zhang, Xin Li
Summary: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes white mold in economically important plants, and the discovery of SsGAP1 and SsRAS1/SsRAS2 genes as essential regulators of fungal development and virulence provides potential targets for controlling the disease.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiaoyang Chen, Chen Liu, Hailin Wang, Qi Liu, Yaping Yue, Yuhang Duan, Zhaoyun Wang, Lu Zheng, Xiaolin Chen, Yaohui Wang, Junbin Huang, Qiutao Xu, Yuemin Pan
Summary: This study identified a secreted protein, Uv1809, as a key virulence factor in Ustilaginoidea virens-rice interactions. Uv1809 inhibits rice immunity and promotes infection by targeting and enhancing rice histone deacetylase OsSRT2-mediated histone deacetylation. CRISPR-Cas9 edited ossrt2 mutants showed broad-spectrum resistance to rice pathogens, indicating its potential as a genetic resource for breeding disease resistance.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Weishuai Bi, Jing Liu, Yuanyuan Li, Ziwei He, Yongming Chen, Tingting Zhao, Xiangxiu Liang, Xiaodan Wang, Xiangzong Meng, Daolong Dou, Guangyuan Xu
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shengjie You, Yu Wu, Wen Li, Xiaofeng Liu, Qinlan Tang, Fengkun Huang, Yan Li, Hsihua Wang, Mingchun Liu, Yang Zhang
Summary: In this study, a transcription factor called SlERF.G3-Like in tomato was found to play a role in regulating ethylene synthesis, cell wall degradation, and the flavonoid pathway. The researchers also discovered the interaction between SlERF.G3-Like and the master ripening regulator SlRIN, and increased the production of resveratrol derivatives through genetic manipulation. These findings provide insights into the coordination of fruit maturation and metabolic changes in tomatoes, and have implications for metabolic engineering.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Thomas R. Aalders, Mara de Sain, Fleur Gawehns, Nina Oudejans, Yoran D. Jak, Henk L. Dekker, Martijn Rep, Harrold A. van den Burg, Frank L. W. Takken
Summary: The TPL1 and TPL2 genes in tomato are closely associated with susceptibility to Fusarium wilt disease, and mutating these genes can enhance plant resistance to the disease.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2024)