Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Veronica Giraldez-Costas, Carlos Ruiz-Moreno, Jaime Gonzalez-Garcia, Beatriz Lara, Juan Del Coso, Juan Jose Salinero
Summary: Previous research has shown that acute caffeine intake can enhance speed and power during bench press exercises. However, this study found that pre-exercise caffeine intake did not affect improvements in 1RM during a 4-week bench press strength training program, but did induce more muscle performance adaptations over a wider range of loads.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Johannes Reiner, Sergio Orellana Pizarro, Kenny Hadi, Darren Narain, Peng Zhang, Matt Jennings, Mahbube Subhani
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical properties of thin quasi-isotropic [90°-45°-0°-45°] beech veneer laminates. The results show that beech veneer laminates can be tested and analyzed similarly to fiber-reinforced laminates, with consistent values of strength and damage resistance. However, the modulus, tensile strength, open-hole strength, and translaminar fracture energy of beech veneer laminates are one order of magnitude lower compared to fiber-reinforced polymer composites.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Menno Henselmans, Thomas Bjornsen, Richie Hedderman, Fredrik Tonstad Varvik
Summary: The effect of carbohydrate intake on strength training performance has not been systematically analyzed. Acute supplementation and short-term manipulation did not show beneficial effects, while long-term manipulation had inconsistent results. Carbohydrate intake has minimal impact on workouts consisting of up to 10 sets per muscle group, but may benefit performance during higher intensity workouts. More research is needed for further validation.
Review
Physiology
Irineu Loturco, Antonio Dello Iacono, Fabio Y. Nakamura, Tomas T. Freitas, Daniel Boullosa, Pedro L. Valenzuela, Lucas A. Pereira, Michael R. McGuigan
Summary: This paper presents the importance of optimal power load in exercise, describes the methods to determine this load and its effects on human performance, and highlights the potential applications of this approach in sports testing and training.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Erfan Berjisian, Alireza Naderi, Shima Mojtahedi, Jozo Grgic, Mohammad Hossein Ghahramani, Raci Karayigit, Jennifer L. Forbes, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete, Scott C. Forbes
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether the effects of caffeine intake on resistance exercise and jumping performance are influenced by training status. The results showed that caffeine ingestion improved muscular strength, endurance, and jump height, with similar magnitudes observed in resistance-trained and recreationally active men.
Article
Sport Sciences
Alejandro Munoz-Lopez, Fabio Yuzo Nakamura, Marco Beato
Summary: This study analyzed the differences in concentric and eccentric mechanical output in flywheel squat exercises. The results showed that speed-derived variables and lower loads are more likely to show an eccentric overload, and can be used to monitor responses to flywheel training.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Luke Carlson, David Gschneidner, James Steele, James P. Fisher
Summary: Virtual personal training may be a convenient and time-efficient approach to supervised strength training, especially during lockdown or closure of fitness facilities. Research suggests that short-term supervised virtual resistance training is as effective as traditional supervised studio-based resistance training, with similar changes in strength and body composition, as well as similar perceptions of effort and enjoyment.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Sasa Duric, Olivera M. Knezevic, Vedrana Sember, Ivan Cuk, Aleksandar Nedeljkovic, Maja Pajek, Dragan M. Mirkov
Summary: The study aimed to investigate resistance-specific gains in muscle power and strength following different types of resistance training. The results showed significant improvements in average and maximum power, as well as 1RM, in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Training against specific resistance types led to higher gains in power, indicating the importance of resistance-specific training for muscle strength improvement.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Xiaolin Wang, Changhai Lv, Xinmin Qin, Shuyu Ji, Delong Dong
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of plyometric training and complex training on explosive power of the lower limbs. The results showed that unloaded plyometric training and complex training had similar effects on explosive power in the short term, but loaded plyometric training was more effective. Complex training also had a greater impact on maximum strength compared to plyometric training. Therefore, it is recommended to incorporate unloaded or light-loaded plyometric training during a short season and use complex training during an annual or long training cycle for explosive power training.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Knut Sindre Molmen, Daniel Hammarstrom, Gunnar Slettalokken Falch, Morten Grundtvig, Lise Koll, Marita Hanestadhaugen, Yusuf Khan, Rafi Ahmad, Bente Malerbakken, Tore Jorgen Rodolen, Roger Lien, Bent R. Ronnestad, Truls Raastad, Stian Ellefsen
Summary: Despite the well-known pathophysiologies associated with COPD, resistance training led to improvements in lower-limb muscle strength, muscle mass, muscle quality, and endurance performance in COPD subjects, resembling or exceeding responses seen in healthy controls. These findings highlight the largely unrecognized responsiveness of COPD patients to resistance training and suggest it as a potent measure to relieve disease-related impairments.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Kim Van Vossel, Julie Hardeel, Freek van de Casteele, Sarah de Jager, Eline Lievens, Jan Boone, Wim Derave
Summary: This study examined the relationship between muscle typology and maximal strength, as well as its role in explaining the variability in repetitions to failure during resistance training. Muscle typology was estimated by measuring carnosine levels in various muscles. The results showed a weak but significant relationship between muscle typology and maximal isometric strength, favoring fast typology individuals. However, there was no difference in upper arm and upper leg strength between individuals with different muscle typologies. The number of repetitions to failure during resistance training was influenced by muscle typology at higher training loads, with slow typology individuals performing more repetitions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Havard Hamarsland, Hermann Moen, Ole Johannes Skaar, Preben Wahlstrom Jorang, Havard Saeteroy Rodahl, Bent R. Ronnestad
Summary: The current study aimed to compare the effects of volume-equated training frequency on muscle mass and strength gains. The results showed that there were no significant differences in muscle growth or muscle strength between different training frequencies when the weekly training volume was equal.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stian Larsen, Eirik Kristiansen, Roland van den Tillaar
Summary: This review summarized the effects of different subjective and objective autoregulation methods on enhancing maximal strength, showing that all autoregulation training protocols led to an increase in 1-RM. Combining subjective and objective autoregulation methods may be an effective approach for enhancing maximal strength.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
W. N. Morley, S. Ferth, M. I. B. Debenham, M. Boston, G. A. Power, J. F. Burr
Summary: This study found that despite significant effects on muscular structure and function, different occlusion pressures in blood flow restricted resistance training did not preferentially increase strength, hypertrophy, or muscular endurance. Moderate pressure training resulted in greater deoxygenation stress. Overall, varied occlusion pressure did not significantly impact training outcomes or tissue O-2 saturation and blood lactate concentrations.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Tyson Grier, Raina D. Brooks, Zack Solomon, Bruce H. Jones
Summary: The study identified that men were more likely to be injured during weight training compared to women, with risk factors for men including older age and higher amounts of personal weight training per week.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
A. Mandelli, E. Tacconi, I Levinger, G. Duque, A. Hayes
Summary: Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are two aging-related conditions characterized by a decline in bone and muscle mass, respectively. They share common risk factors and biological pathways, which form a syndrome known as osteosarcopenia. Estrogens play a critical role in the development and maintenance of bone and muscle, with hormonal therapy showing positive effects on osteoporosis but still disputable effects on sarcopenia.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Melpomeni Malamouli, Itamar Levinger, Andrew J. McAinch, Adam J. Trewin, Raymond J. Rodgers, Alba Moreno-Asso
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in pre-menopausal women with metabolic dysregulation. While exercise, especially high-intensity interval training (HIIT), is recommended as the first-line therapy for PCOS, the understanding of mitochondrial characteristics and their role in PCOS pathogenesis is limited. Further comprehensive studies are needed to investigate the association between metabolic dysfunction and aberrant mitochondrial profile, and to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying exercise-induced metabolic adaptations in women with PCOS.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chieh-Hsin Yang, Danise Ann-Onda, Xuzhu Lin, Stacey Fynch, Shaktypreya Nadarajah, Evan G. Pappas, Xin Liu, John W. Scott, Jonathan S. Oakhill, Sandra Galic, Yanchuan Shi, Alba Moreno-Asso, Cassandra Smith, Thomas Loudovaris, Itamar Levinger, Decio L. Eizirik, D. Ross Laybutt, Herbert Herzog, Helen E. Thomas, Kim Loh
Summary: This study revealed a causal link between increased NPY-Y1 receptor gene expression in human T2D and beta-cell dysfunction and failure, indicating that the inhibition of the Y1 receptor may improve beta-cell function and protect beta-cell mass in T2D patients for better glycemic control.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Rhiannon K. Patten, Luke C. McIlvenna, Itamar Levinger, Andrew P. Garnham, Soulmaz Shorakae, Alexandra G. Parker, Andrew J. McAinch, Raymond J. Rodgers, Danielle Hiam, Alba Moreno-Asso, Nigel K. Stepto
Summary: This study compares the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and standard moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on cardio-metabolic and reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The results show that HIIT leads to greater improvements in aerobic capacity, insulin sensitivity, menstrual cyclicity, and reductions in hyperandrogenism compared to MICT. The findings suggest that HIIT may be a more beneficial strategy for promoting health and reducing cardio-metabolic risk in overweight women with PCOS.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Review
Physiology
C. David Hughes, P. Justin Hardee, S. David Waddell, A. Craig Goodman
Summary: Gene delivery strategy has been used to study muscular disorders and muscle physiology. This review provides a detailed protocol on how to efficiently electroporate plasmid DNA into rodent skeletal muscles, discussing key parameters and tissue processing methods.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Steven J. O'Bryan, Catherine Giuliano, Mary N. Woessner, Sara Vogrin, Cassandra Smith, Gustavo Duque, Itamar Levinger
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the effects of progressive resistance training on lower-limb muscle strength and bone mineral density in older adults and explore the influence of training mode, frequency, volume, load, and program length on these changes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Catherine Giuliano, Don Vicendese, Sara Vogrin, Rebecca Lane, Andrea Driscoll, Diem Dinh, Katie Palmer, Itamar Levinger, Christopher Neil
Summary: This study investigated the rate and factors associated with referral to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) among patients hospitalized with heart failure (HF). The results showed a low rate of referral, particularly among females, older patients, and those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or anemia. Future studies should focus on improving referral processes and implementing strategies to increase referrals to CR.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Simon Sostaric, Aaron C. Petersen, Craig A. Goodman, Xiaofei Gong, Tai-Juan Aw, Malcolm J. Brown, Andrew Garnham, Collene H. Steward, Kate T. Murphy, Kate A. Carey, James Leppik, Steve F. Fraser, David Cameron-Smith, Henry Krum, Rodney J. Snow, Michael J. McKenna
Summary: This study investigated the effects of digoxin on muscle Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA), and found that it led to decreased muscle strength without affecting muscle NKA content and fatiguability.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Garry W. Hamilton, Jaishankar Raman, Simon Moten, George Matalanis, Alexander Rosalion, Arnaldo Dimagli, Siven Seevanayagam, Mario F. Gaudino, David L. Hare, RAPCO Investigators
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
David L. Hare
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tabitha Cree, Tania Ruz Gomez, Cara A. Timpani, Emma Rybalka, John T. Price, Craig A. Goodman
Summary: FKBP25 is a dual-domain PPIase protein that binds to microtubules and may have an impact on microtubule polymerization and cell cycle progression. A recent study showed that FKBP25 is highly expressed in mouse skeletal muscle. This study aimed to investigate the role of FKBP25 in myoblast viability, migration, differentiation, and muscle adaptation. The findings suggest that FKBP25 regulates myoblast viability and migration and may play a role in muscle regeneration and adaptation.
Article
Neurosciences
Xuzhu Lin, Cassandra Smith, Alba Moreno-Asso, Navabeh Zarekookandeh, Tara C. Brennan-Speranza, Gustavo Duque, Alan Hayes, Itamar Levinger
Summary: This study investigates the protective effects of the combination of undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) and ibandronate (IBN) against immobilization-induced muscle wasting and insulin resistance. The results show that the combined treatment significantly increases muscle weight and improves glucose tolerance compared to individual treatments.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cassandra Smith, Marc Sim, Jack Dalla Via, Itamar Levinger, Gustavo Duque
Summary: Loss of muscle and bone mass, strength, and quality, which commonly occur with aging, can lead to reduced physical function and increased risk of falls and fractures. The interaction between bone and muscle, driven by bone-muscle crosstalk, plays a crucial role in this process. Exercise is the primary strategy for improving both muscle and bone health. However, holistic treatment plans that incorporate exercise and other allied health services are underutilized in preventing or treating musculoskeletal diseases.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hannah Lalunio, Lewan Parker, Erik D. Hanson, Paul Gregorevic, Itamar Levinger, Alan Hayes, Craig A. Goodman
Summary: Vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) play important roles in muscle development and function. This study investigated the differences in VDR protein abundance in muscle between different mouse strains and between mice and humans, using different sample preparation methods and antibodies. The findings showed differences in VDR protein levels among mouse strains and between mice and humans, and the detection of potential VDR isoforms in human muscle.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alexandra Parker, Sarah Dash, Matthew Bourke, Rhiannon Patten, Melinda Craike, Peter Baldwin, Warwick Hosking, Itamar Levinger, Vasso Apostolopoulos, Maximilian de Courten, Jenny Sharples, Monika Naslund, Vasileios Stavropoulos, Mary Woessner, Christopher Sonn, Caroline Stansen, Michaela Pascoe
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the acceptability and preliminary outcomes of a daily online mental health promotion program for tertiary education staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. The program provided microinterventions comprising lifestyle and well-being strategies to promote mental health via an online meeting platform. Results showed that participants reported high levels of satisfaction with sessions and perceived benefits for mental health.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2022)
