Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jackson Barnard, Spencer Roberts, Michele Lastella, Brad Aisbett, Dominique Condo
Summary: Dietary factors have been found to have an impact on the sleep quality of athletically trained populations. Higher caffeine intake in the evening reduces sleep duration and efficiency, while increasing sleep latency and wake after sleep onset. Evening consumption of high glycemic index carbohydrates and protein high in tryptophan may reduce sleep latency.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Prescilla Martinon, Laurie Fraticelli, Agnes Giboreau, Claude Dussart, Denis Bourgeois, Florence Carrouel
Summary: Nutrition plays a crucial role in preventing chronic diseases, including periodontal disease. High intake of sugar, saturated fat, low fiber, among other nutrients, increases the risk of periodontal diseases, while a diet low in sugar and high in fiber helps reduce this risk.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Garry G. Ladd
Summary: This study examined the availability and requirements of health and wellness courses, as well as health-related physical activity courses, in Texas community colleges. It found that a small percentage of colleges require these courses for degree completion while the majority offer them as elective credits. The study suggests that incorporating public health education and health-related behaviors into community college curricula can improve health and physical literacy in students.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Scott B. Maitland, Paula Brauer, David M. Mutch, Dawna Royall, Doug Klein, Angelo Tremblay, Caroline Rheaume, Rupinder Dhaliwal, Khursheed Jeejeebhoy
Summary: The study utilized structural equation modeling to assess the measurement properties of intervention measures in MetS treatment, testing for factorial invariance across time, gender, and diabetes status. The findings indicated that a simplified HEI-C and a 4-item fitness model demonstrated good model fit and measurement equivalence, suggesting increased use of factor analytic methods can improve measurement precision and link interventions to expected clinical outcomes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniel Sliz, Szczepan Wiecha, Jakub S. S. Gasior, Przemyslaw Seweryn Kasiak, Katarzyna Ulaszewska, Marek Postula, Lukasz A. Malek, Artur Mamcarz
Summary: COVID-19 infection and pandemic restrictions have detrimental effects on the nutrition and physical activity of endurance athletes. COVID-19 infection significantly worsens the performance of cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Consuming processed meat and replacing meat with plant-based protein impact blood lactate concentration, while fat-free mass is linked with consuming unsaturated fatty acids and adding salt to meals influences maximal speed/power and breathing frequency. These findings provide valuable guidance for the treatment, nutrition, and training adjustment of endurance athletes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Cleven, Janina Krell-Roesch, Steffen C. E. Schmidt, Anna Dziuba, Klaus Bos, Darko Jekauc, Alexander Woll
Summary: This study found that sports-related physical activity is associated with a decreased risk of incident metabolic syndrome. Engaging in at least 75 minutes per week, maintaining a consistently high amount from baseline to follow-up, starting at a low amount and increasing to a higher amount, and increasing the intensity of physical activity are all linked to a lower risk of developing metabolic syndrome.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rilla Tammi, Satu Mannisto, Mirkka Maukonen, Niina E. Kaartinen
Summary: In Finnish adults, higher whole grain intake is associated with slightly better diet quality. In men, whole grain intake is inversely associated with BMI, waist circumference, and total cholesterol. Adjusting for medication use weakens the inverse associations with diastolic blood pressure and HDL cholesterol in men. No associations were observed in women. Diet quality does not modify the associations between whole grain intake and chronic disease risk factors.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ruichen Jiang, Chun Xie, Jilong Shi, Xuechen Mao, Qin Huang, Fanying Meng, Zhiguang Ji, Anmin Li, Chunhua Zhang
Summary: The study found that participating in sport-specific training 3-5 times per week was beneficial for children's physical and mental health, with the high sports training frequency group showing the best overall physical fitness and mental health status.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Francesca Galle, Federica Valeriani, Andrea De Giorgi, Silvia Angelillo, Annalisa Bargellini, Aida Bianco, Lavinia Bianco, Giuseppina Caggiano, Maria Eugenia Colucci, Maria Anna Coniglio, Laura Dallolio, Osvalda De Giglio, Gabriella Di Giuseppe, Heba Safwat Mhmoued Abdo Elhadidy, Maria Eufemia Gioffre, Pasqualina Lagana, Francesca Licata, Isabella Marchesi, Alice Masini, Maria Teresa Montagna, Christian Napoli, Giovanni Battista Orsi, Cesira Pasquarella, Concetta Paola Pelullo, Stefania Paduano, Rossella Sacchetti, Giacomo Scaioli, Roberta Siliquini, Licia Veronesi, Giorgio Liguori, Vincenzo Romano Spica, Matteo Vitali, Carmela Protano
Summary: This study analyzed the consumption of dietary supplements in Italian undergraduates and found that 71.5% of the respondents reported using dietary supplements. Women were more likely to use dietary supplements following a doctor's prescription and to buy them in a pharmacy, but reported more adverse effects than men. The main aim of using dietary supplements was to improve general health.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniela Campaniello, Maria Rosaria Corbo, Milena Sinigaglia, Barbara Speranza, Angela Racioppo, Clelia Altieri, Antonio Bevilacqua
Summary: Gut microbiota plays a vital role in human health, and factors like diet and physical activity can influence its composition and functionality. Different diets and types of exercise can shape the gut microbiota, which in turn affects the health of the host.
Article
Rehabilitation
Jessica Hill, Elise Massey, Hannah Gullo
Summary: This study aimed to understand the experiences of fitness professionals in supporting people with disabilities to engage in sports and exercise. The study found that lack of disability-specific training was a barrier and effective collaboration with allied health professionals was a potential facilitator.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alice H. Lichtenstein, Lawrence J. Appel, Maya Vadiveloo, Frank B. Hu, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Casey M. Rebholz, Frank M. Sacks, Anne N. Thorndike, Linda Van Horn, Judith Wylie-Rosett
Summary: Poor diet quality is closely linked to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and this scientific statement underscores the importance of healthy dietary patterns. Evidence-based dietary guidance includes principles such as energy balance, consuming a variety of fruits and vegetables, and choosing healthy sources of protein. Challenges to adhering to heart-healthy dietary patterns include targeted marketing of unhealthy foods and structural racism.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shanshan Wang, Yating Wu, Mengdie Shi, Zhenyu He, Liping Hao, Xiaomin Wu
Summary: Nutrition and health knowledge is associated with dietary behavior and health outcomes. This study examines the association of nutrition and health knowledge with specific chronic diseases in central China. The findings suggest an inverse relationship between nutrition and health knowledge and diabetes/hyperglycemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and stroke. Furthermore, there is a negative association between nutrition and health knowledge and the number of chronic diseases.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Katharina C. Wirnitzer, Mohamad Motevalli, Derrick R. Tanous, Gerold Wirnitzer, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Manuel Schaetzer, Clemens Drenowatz, Armando Cocca, Gerhard Ruedl, Werner Kirschner
Summary: This multidisciplinary study investigates the health behavior of academic staff in Austrian colleges and universities. The study finds that 13.2% participants follow a vegetarian diet and 2.0% follow a vegan diet. The majority of participants engage in leisure-time physical activity regularly, but only a small percentage are active members of sports clubs.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ami Fukunaga, Yosuke Inoue, Shohei Yamamoto, Takako Miki, Dong Van Hoang, Rachana Manandhar Shrestha, Hironori Ishiwari, Masamichi Ishii, Kengo Miyo, Maki Konishi, Norio Ohmagari, Tetsuya Mizoue
Summary: This study investigated the association between chronic physical conditions and depressive symptoms among hospital workers at a national medical institution in Tokyo designated for COVID-19 treatment. The presence of chronic physical conditions was found to be significantly associated with depressive symptoms, and healthcare workers with chronic physical conditions and higher occupational infection risk had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms.