Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Eric Toussirot
Summary: Patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) have an increased cardiovascular risk, which may be attributed to various factors including traditional risk factors, inflammation, and medication use. More research is needed, especially in patients with non-radiographic form of axSpA, to assess cardiovascular comorbidities.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Vasily N. Sukhorukov, Alexandra A. Melnichenko, Victoria A. Khotina, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: Selenium is a vital trace element necessary for metabolic processes, protection against oxidative stress, and cardiovascular system functioning. Deficiency in selenium has been linked to various cardiovascular diseases including Keshan's disease, heart failure, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and atherosclerosis. Through selenoenzymes and selenoproteins, selenium is involved in important processes such as regulation of redox homeostasis, oxidative stress, calcium flux, and thyroid hormone metabolism; an imbalance in selenium supply may disrupt these processes.
Article
Toxicology
Matthias Bosman, Kasper Favere, Cedric H. G. Neutel, Griet Jacobs, Guido R. Y. De Meyer, Wim Martinet, Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck, Pieter-Jan D. F. Guns
Summary: This study in mice confirmed that treatment with DOX increases arterial stiffness, with high dose DOX resulting in increased aaPWV and impaired endothelial function leading to elevated vascular tone.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Duygu Eryavuz Onmaz, Kevser Isik, Abdullah Sivrikaya, Sedat Abusoglu, Ilknur Albayrak Gezer, Gulsum Abusoglu, Fatma Humeyra Yerlikaya, Ali Unlu
Summary: This study aimed to measure serum levels of methylarginines and related metabolites in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and investigate their relationship with various clinical and laboratory parameters. Elevated total methylated arginine load and decreased global arginine bioavailability ratio (GABR) were found in AS patients, indicating impaired NO metabolism. TNF-alpha inhibitor group showed lower serum levels of methylarginines compared to the conventional therapy group, suggesting potential implications for cardiovascular risk in AS patients.
Article
Rheumatology
Inigo Gonzalez Mazon, Javier Rueda-Gotor, Ivan Ferraz-Amaro, Fernanda Genre, Alfonso Corrales, Vanesa Calvo Rio, Natalia Palmou Fontana, Virginia Portilla, Javier Llorca, Cristina Mata, Vanesa Hernandez-Hernandez, Juan Carlos Quevedo-Abeledo, Carlos Rodriguez-Lozano, Clementina Lopez Medina, Maria Lourdes Ladehesa-Pineda, Santos Castaneda, Esther F. Vicente, Cristina Fernandez-Carballido, Maria Paz Martinez-Vidal, David Castro-Corredor, Joaquin Anino-Fernandez, Diana Peiteado, Chamaida Plasencia-Rodriguez, Maria Luz Garcia-Vivar, Eva Galindez-Agirregoikoa, Esther Montes Perez, Carlos Fernandez Diaz, Ricardo Blanco, Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Gay
Summary: This study compared the burden of atherosclerosis between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA), finding no differences in carotid plaques or cIMT between the two groups. A model containing age, BASFI, and ESR was able to identify high cardiovascular risk patients with high specificity.
SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kenan Demir, Ahmet Avci, Serpil Ergulu Esmen, Abdullah Tuncez, Muhammed Ulvi Yalcin, Ahmet Yilmaz, Serra Yilnnaz, Bulent Behlul Altunkeser
Summary: AS patients have higher EATT and arterial stiffness parameters compared to the control group, indicating a higher risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, the study demonstrates a significant relationship between PWV and EATT, age, and central blood pressure in AS patients.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Md Torikul Islam, Shelby A. Hall, Tavia Dutson, Samuel I. Bloom, R. Colton Bramwell, John Kim, Jordan R. Tucker, Daniel R. Machin, Anthony J. Donato, Lisa A. Lesniewski
Summary: Inhibition of mTOR can delay aging and improve age-related conditions, but the specific mechanisms and tissues involved are unclear. This study found that activation of mTOR in endothelial cells is associated with arterial and metabolic dysfunction. Reducing endothelial mTOR can reverse arterial stiffening, improve arterial and metabolic function, and reduce senescence, inflammation, and oxidative stress in arteries, lungs, adipose tissue, and liver.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hao Wu, Meihua Xu, Hong Hao, Michael A. Hill, Canxia Xu, Zhenguo Liu
Summary: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exhibit significant endothelial dysfunction, increased arterial stiffness, and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). Thus, patients with IBD may benefit from aggressive risk stratification for cardiovascular diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Tudoran, Felix Bende, Renata Bende, Catalina Giurgi-Oncu, Raluca Dumache, Mariana Tudoran
Summary: This study aimed to assess the frequency of arterial and aortic stiffness as well as diastolic dysfunction in patients with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome using transthoracic echocardiography and pulse-wave velocity. The results showed that patients with metabolic syndrome had worse values of these indexes and more frequent diastolic dysfunction. The analysis also revealed significant associations between these indexes and the time since COVID-19 diagnosis, disease severity, and metabolic syndrome.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William Durante, Ghazaleh Behnammanesh, Kelly J. Peyton
Summary: SGLT2 inhibitors improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes through various mechanisms such as increasing nitric oxide bioavailability, regulating endothelial cell function, and exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanchao Hu, Xu Gu, Yan Zhang, Weidong Ma, Lijun Sun, Congxia Wang, Bincheng Ren
Summary: This study investigated the function and mechanism of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in improving Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell (HUVEC) functions. The results showed that VDR inhibits ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction and ferroptosis by regulating ADM transcription and acting on AMPK signaling pathway. Overexpression of VDR in Apoe-/- mice reduces lipid deposition and plaque area in atherosclerotic mice.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cecilia Bjornfot, Anders Garpebring, Sara Qvarlander, Jan Malm, Anders Eklund, Anders Wahlin
Summary: Intracranial arterial stiffening could be an early marker of cerebrovascular dysfunction and may be involved in detrimental disease processes to brain function. A novel 4D flow MRI method utilizing the intracranial vascular tree structure is shown to be stable and sensitive in estimating pulse wave velocity.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Javier Rueda-Gotor, Ivan Ferraz-Amaro, Fernanda Genre, Inigo Gonzalez-Mazon, Alfonso Corrales, Vanesa Calvo-Rio, Virginia Portilla, Javier Llorca, Rosa Exposito, Vanesa Hernandez-Hernandez, Juan Carlos Quevedo-Abeledo, Carlos Rodriguez-Lozano, Clementina Lopez-Medina, Maria Lourdes Ladehesa-Pineda, Santos Castaneda, Esther F. Vicente, Cristina Fernandez-Carballido, M. Paz Martinez-Vidal, David Castro-Corredor, Joaquin Anino-Fernandez, Diana Peiteado, Chamaida Plasencia-Rodriguez, Maria Luz Garcia-Vivar, Eva Galindez-Agirregoikoa, Esther Montes-Perez, Carlos Fernandez-Diaz, Ricardo Blanco, Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Gay
Summary: Atherosclerotic disease in patients with axSpA is associated with inflammatory response and disease severity, with no significant differences between AS and nr-axSpA patients.
SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joao Luis Maroco, Tiago Silvestre, Ines Arrais, Marco Pinto, Helena Santa-Clara, Bo Fernhall, Xavier Melo
Summary: Flow-mediated slowing (FMS) is a non-invasive measure of endothelial function measured through reactive hyperemia-induced changes in pulse wave velocity (PWV). Inter- and intra-rater repeatability of ultrasound-based changes in local PWV (FMS) and diameter (FMD) were assessed. The results showed that both FMS and FMD exhibited good inter-rater repeatability, while the intra-rater repeatability of FMD was better than FMS. Ultrasound-based local measurements of PWV deceleration reactive hyperemia were found to be repeatable among the raters.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xinyi Gao, Tonglian Lv, Guangping Li, Gary Tse, Tong Liu
Summary: Uveitis may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease through the atherosclerotic pathway. For autoimmune disease patients with uveitis, early screening of cardiovascular risk factors and implementation of corresponding prevention strategies may be associated with a better prognosis.