Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Heesoo Yoon, Gum-Ryeong Park, Jinho Kim
Summary: The loss of a spouse has long-lasting and significant impacts on widowed individuals' psychosocial well-being. Men experience greater increases in depressive symptoms and decreases in social engagement following spousal loss compared to women.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Gizem Hueluer, Joanne Elayoubi, Monica E. Nelson, William E. Haley
Summary: This study found that social networks, social activities, and loneliness are related to the negative impact of spousal loss on cognitive function in old age. Helping others, having friends nearby, and not feeling lonely can buffer the negative effects of spousal loss on memory, while having relatives nearby is associated with lower episodic memory.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jennie B. Davidow, Benjamin S. Zide, Leonard L. Levin, Kelsey D. Biddle, Juan Carlos Urizar, Nancy J. Donovan
Summary: The loss of a spouse is a common life event for older adults, with nearly one in four bereaved experiencing prolonged grief, impaired function, or chronic depression. The mechanisms behind these long-term health risks are not well understood. A scoping literature review was conducted to examine interventions and outcomes for late-life spousal bereavement. 22 studies were identified, mostly focusing on grief processes in the first year. Emotional and psychological symptoms were evaluated in most studies, while a smaller number looked at adaptive functioning. Findings were diverse, highlighting the need for further exploration of biological, social, cognitive, and behavioral factors to improve short and long-term health outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Emma Wagg, Fiona M. Blyth, Robert G. Cumming, Saman Khalatbari-Soltani
Summary: This systematic review found a positive association between educational level and income/wealth with healthy ageing, while evidence regarding occupational position was inconclusive. The study highlights the importance of addressing inequalities through integrated health and social policies and strategies.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Gerontology
Adam R. Roth, Siyun Peng
Summary: This study investigated the impact of non-spousal support on mortality risk among older adults, and found that never married individuals rely more on support from non-spousal sources. The disparity in mortality risk between never married and married individuals disappeared when non-spousal support was high. These findings suggest the importance of integrating never married older adults into a supportive social environment.
JOURNAL OF AGING AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Meghan L. Smith, Timothy C. Heeren, Lynsie R. Ranker, Lisa Fredman
Summary: The study found that spousal caregiving and widowhood, but not non-spousal caregiving, are associated with trajectories reflecting greater depressive symptoms over time in older women. Women caring for spouses should be monitored for depression, both during caregiving and after spousal loss.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jennifer Caputo, Peng Li, Mine Kuehn, Henrik Bronnum-Hansen, Anna Oksuzyan
Summary: The study suggests that immigrants may face higher mortality risks after widowhood, especially in the longer term. Immigrants from different countries show varying patterns of mortality risk. Immigrant populations may be more vulnerable to the stressors of widowhood.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Jie Luo, Amy van Grieken, Ingrid Kruizinga, Hein Raat
Summary: This study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and psychosocial problems in preschool children. The findings showed that factors related to low SES such as low maternal education level, single-parent family, and financial problems were associated with the development of psychosocial problems in early childhood. These findings highlight the importance of targeted interventions in early childhood to reduce the impact of disadvantaged SES on psychosocial health.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Le Peng, Ji Zhang, Na Li, Yinzi Jin, Zhi-Jie Zheng
Summary: This multi-cohort study aimed to examine the effects of stroke on depressive symptoms in elderly participants and assess the pooled risks of depressive symptoms in total populations and stratified samples. The analysis showed a consistent link between stroke and depressive symptoms, with stroke survivors being more likely to develop depressive symptoms compared to non-stroke individuals.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sae Young Jae, Sudhir Kurl, Kanokwan Bunsawat, Barry A. Franklin, Jina Choo, Setor K. Kunutsor, Jussi Kauhanen, Jari A. Laukkanen
Summary: This study found that both low socioeconomic status (SES) and poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were associated with higher all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality. Moderate-to-high levels of CRF were associated with lower risks of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hyungmin Cha, Mateo P. Farina, Mark D. Hayward
Summary: This study found that individuals with higher socioeconomic status can expect to live more years without dementia and have a shorter period of dementia, compared to those with lower socioeconomic status. The results also emphasize the importance of cumulative exposure in influencing dementia life expectancy.
SSM-POPULATION HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Rong Wang, Hongyun Liu, Jiang Jiang
Summary: This study examined the long-term effect of materialism on self-esteem among 430 Chinese undergraduates over a period of 2 years. The results revealed that materialism decreased self-esteem over time, and this effect varied depending on the availability of personal resources. Furthermore, the study found that materialism had little influence on self-esteem among individuals with high socioeconomic status.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
E. Lydia Wu-Chung, Stephanie L. Leal, Bryan T. Denny, Samantha L. Cheng, Christopher P. Fagundes
Summary: Accumulating research suggests that stressful life events, especially those that threaten close intimate bonds, are associated with an increased risk of dementia. Grieving the loss of a spouse, whether in the form of caregiving or after the death, ranks among 'life's most significant stressors', evoking intense psychological and physiological distress. This systematic review summarizes findings across 64 empirical studies and proposes a biopsychosocial model of cognitive decline that explains how caregiving and bereavement may lead to cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. More longitudinal studies are needed to further understand the link between partner loss and abnormal cognitive decline.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Rachel Dekel, Shai Shorer, Orit Nuttman-Shwartz
Summary: This study examined the continuing bonds of remarried Israeli widows with their deceased spouses and the role that the second spouse plays in these processes. The findings showed that most widows maintained a connection with their deceased husbands, with the second spouse playing a significant role in managing these relationships. The boundaries between the first and second marriages varied from strict to blurred, highlighting the dynamic nature of grief's impact on the second marital relationship.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Makiko Abe, Hisatomi Arima, Atsushi Satoh, Nagako Okuda, Hirokazu Taniguchi, Nobuo Nishi, Aya Higashiyama, Harumitsu Suzuki, Aya Kadota, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Katsuyuki Miura, Akira Okayama
Summary: This study evaluated the association between marital status, household size, and lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. It found that older singles living alone were more likely to experience unhealthy lifestyle changes, primarily due to decreased physical activity and increased alcohol consumption. However, there was no significant association between marital status, household size, and unhealthy changes among younger participants.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sze Yan Liu, Sungwoo Lim, L. Hannah Gould
Summary: The distrust of public institutions among black communities due to law enforcement-related deaths may result in delays in seeking healthcare. Media reports of unarmed black deaths in New York from 2013 to 2014 led to a decrease in emergency department rates among black residents, highlighting the need for further investigation into the health impacts of law enforcement-related deaths.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sze Yan Liu, Roman Pabayo, Peter Muennig
Summary: This study found that approximately 2.7% of children in the United States have experienced racial discrimination, with significant variations in prevalence among different racial groups. The perception of discrimination was associated with increased odds of unmet medical needs, suggesting a need for intervention strategies to address this issue among children.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Catherine dP Duarte, S. Rae Wannier, Alison K. Cohen, M. Maria Glymour, Robert K. Ream, Irene H. Yen, Anusha M. Vable
Summary: This study examined the relationship between nontraditional educational trajectories, such as interrupted degree programs, and hypertension, particularly among structurally marginalized groups. The results found that individuals who obtained a GED or an Associate degree had a higher risk of hypertension compared to those who completed a high school diploma at a traditional age.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sze Yan Liu, Sungwoo Lim
Summary: The study examined the impact of Medicaid managed care (MMC) versus Medicaid fee-for-service (FFS) on emergency department use and hospitalization among low-birth-weight infants in New York City. LBW infants in MMC had a slightly higher probability of hospitalization within the first year of life compared to those in Medicaid FFS. Further research is needed to better understand healthcare utilization differences between MMC and FFS participants with high health risks.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Else Foverskov, Justin S. White, Marie Norredam, Trine Froslev, Min Hee Kim, M. Maria Glymour, Lars Pedersen, Henrik T. Sorensen, Rita Hamad
Summary: This study based on refugees in Denmark found that resettling in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods increased the risk of psychiatric disorders among refugees. The results suggest that targeted placement of newly arrived refugees could help improve their mental health.
SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sarah E. Gollust, Kathleen T. Call, J. Robin Moon, Bonnie Cluxton, Zinzi Bailey
Summary: This paper describes the curriculum of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Interdisciplinary Research Leaders (IRL) program, which aims to cultivate leaders, promote health equity in communities, and address health inequities through research and action.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jason R. Smith, Laura E. Gibbons, Paul K. Crane, Dan M. Mungas, M. Maria Glymour, Jennifer J. Manly, Laura B. Zahodne, Elizabeth Rose Mayeda, Richard N. Jones, Alden L. Gross
Summary: Telephone-administered cognitive assessments are an cost-effective alternative to face-to-face assessments, but there are mode effects in cognitive measurement, particularly in memory and attention tests, for older adults. The importance of these mode differences depends on the research question and sample.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ellicott C. Matthay, Meghan L. Smith, M. Maria Glymour, Justin S. White, Jaimie L. Gradus
Summary: This article introduces the conceptual foundations, implementation, and strengths and limitations of instrumental variables (IVs) in research. IV methods offer an alternative approach to controlling for confounders without the need for their correct identification, measurement, and control. They are particularly relevant for assessing the causal effects of stress and trauma on outcomes.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA-THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE AND POLICY
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Sarah F. Ackley, M. Maria Glymour
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Crystal Shaw, Yingyan Wu, Scott C. Zimmerman, Eleanor Hayes-Larson, Thomas R. Belin, Melinda C. Power, M. Maria Glymour, Elizabeth Rose Mayeda
Summary: Incomplete longitudinal data is a common issue in life-course epidemiology, and multiple imputation (MI) is often used to handle missing data. However, there is limited research on the performance and feasibility of MI methods in real-data settings. This study compared three MI methods using real data and found that predictive mean matching may be a favorable strategy for imputing life-course exposure data due to its consistently low root mean square error, competitive computation times, and few implementation challenges.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
R. Pabayo, S. Y. Liu, E. Grinshteyn, B. Steele, D. M. Cook, P. Muennig
Summary: Since the landmark Shelby v. Holder Supreme Court ruling, there has been a significant increase in voting restrictions in the United States, making it harder for people to vote. This study examines the association between voting restrictions and teenage birth rates at the county level. The findings suggest that more restrictive voting laws are associated with higher teenage birth rates, particularly in low-income counties. This research sheds light on the potential impacts of voting restrictions on reproductive health outcomes.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sze Yan Liu
Summary: This study examined the association between female political representation and healthcare access and utilization in the United States. The results suggest that policy intervention addressing the underrepresentation of women in government may help increase the proportion of uninsured and, under certain circumstances, decrease county-level unnecessary hospitalizations. Further research is needed to understand the role of political party control in modifying these associations.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sarah F. Ackley, Jingxuan Wang, Ruijia Chen, Melinda C. Power, Isabel Elaine Allen, M. Maria Glymour
Summary: A Bayesian approach was used to analyze the results of several trials on amyloid-targeting drugs, indicating a small benefit of amyloid reduction on cognition.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Priscilla A. Amofa-Ho, Ariana M. Stickel, Ruijia Chen, Lindsay C. Kobayashi, M. Maria Glymour, Chloe W. Eng
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between early-life education and later-life cognitive function, and examined the mediating roles of Alzheimer's and neurovascular biomarkers. The results showed that commonly measured neurobiomarkers only partially mediated the relationships between education and multidomain cognitive function.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sze Yan Liu, Claire Benny, Erin Grinshteyn, Amy Ehntholt, Daniel Cook, Roman Pabayo
Summary: This study examines the association between living in US states with restrictive reproductive rights and abortion laws and frequent mental health distress among women. The results show that higher scores in reproductive rights are associated with decreased odds of reporting frequent mental health distress. Additionally, women living in states with very hostile abortion restrictions have higher odds of experiencing frequent mental health distress. These findings suggest that restrictions on abortion rights contribute to mental health inequities among women.
SSM-POPULATION HEALTH
(2023)