Article
Psychiatry
Raymond A. Clarke, Teri M. Furlong, Valsamma Eapen
Summary: Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics, with high rates of inheritance and involvement of mitochondrial pathways. Mutations in genes related to mitochondrial dynamics and function may contribute to the pathogenesis of GTS.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tamara Pringsheim, Christos Ganos, Christelle Nilles, Andrea E. E. Cavanna, Donald L. L. Gilbert, Erica Greenberg, Andreas Hartmann, Tammy Hedderly, Isobel Heyman, Holan Liang, Irene Malaty, Osman Malik, Nanette Mol Debes, Kirsten Muller Vahl, Alexander Munchau, Tara Murphy, Peter Nagy, Tamsin Owen, Renata Rizzo, Liselotte Skov, Jeremy Stern, Natalia Szejko, Yulia Worbe, Davide Martino
Summary: In 2020, there was a significant increase in referrals for young people with rapid onset of severe tic-like behaviors. A working group was formed to develop clinical criteria for the diagnosis of functional tic-like behaviors (FTLBs) to aid in recognition and diagnosis by healthcare professionals.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Veit Roessner, Heike Eichele, Jeremy S. Stern, Liselotte Skov, Renata Rizzo, Nanette Mol Debes, Peter Nagy, Andrea E. Cavanna, Cristiano Termine, Christos Ganos, Alexander Muenchau, Natalia Szejko, Danielle Cath, Kirsten R. Mueller-Vahl, Cara Verdellen, Andreas Hartmann, Aribert Rothenberger, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Kerstin J. Plessen
Summary: The first European guidelines for Tourette Syndrome (TS) were published in 2011 by the European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome (ESSTS). The updated part on pharmacological treatment emphasizes the importance of psychoeducation and behavioral approaches as first-line treatments. Pharmacological treatment, particularly with dopamine blocking agents like aripiprazole, is indicated in some patients, especially when behavioral approaches are not effective or feasible. Treatment should be individualized based on the patient's needs, preferences, and co-existing conditions.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Justin L. Blaty, Lourdes M. DelRosso
Summary: Healthy sleep is crucial for growth, development, and overall health. Patients, especially children, with Tourette Disorder (TD), experience negative effects on sleep. Common sleep abnormalities in TD include decreased total sleep time, lower sleep efficiency, and higher arousal index. TD is often associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which further worsens sleep quality. Treatment of TD is essential for improving sleep in these patients.
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Blanca Garcia-Delgar, Mateu Servera, Barbara J. Coffey, Luisa Lazaro, Thaira Openneer, Noa Benaroya-Milshtein, Tami Steinberg, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Andrea Dietrich, Astrid Morer
Summary: There is a strong male predominance in tic disorders, with males exhibiting more severe symptoms compared to females, except for emotional problems. Additionally, females tend to show higher symptom severity with increasing age compared to males.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Federica Saia, Adriana Prato, Lucia Saccuzzo, Francesca Madia, Rita Barone, Marco Fichera, Renata Rizzo
Summary: This study aimed to understand the molecular bases of Tourette syndrome (TS) in a large cohort of pediatric patients. Molecular analyses, including array-CGH analyses, were conducted to identify and compare copy number variations (CNVs) related to neurodevelopment and neuropsychiatric disorders. The study found a higher occurrence of rare deletions and duplications focusing on significant neurodevelopment genes in children with tics and additional comorbidities.
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Natalia Szejko, Yulia Worbe, Andreas Hartmann, Veerle Visser-Vandewalle, Linda Ackermans, Christos Ganos, Mauro Porta, Albert F. G. Leentjens, Jan-Hinnerk Mehrkens, Daniel Huys, Juan Carlos Baldermann, Jens Kuhn, Carine Karachi, Cecile Delorme, Thomas Foltynie, Andrea E. Cavanna, Danielle Cath, Kirsten Mueller-Vahl
Summary: The European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome published guidelines for DBS treatment of TS in 2011, which were later updated based on current literature and expert survey. Results from studies show that the efficacy of DBS in TS may be influenced by methodological issues and placebo effects. Therefore, the efficacy and tolerability of DBS in TS remain open to debate.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Kirsten R. Mueller-Vahl, Natalia Szejko, Cara Verdellen, Veit Roessner, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Andreas Hartmann, Danielle C. Cath
Summary: The European Society for the Study of Tourette syndrome (ESSTS) has updated the first European Guidelines for Tourette syndrome, covering assessment, psychological interventions, pharmacological treatment, and deep brain stimulation. Over the past decade, there has been a significant shift towards non-pharmacological treatments in the assessment and treatment of tics.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Gyudeok Hwang, Jeongah Shin, Ji-Young Lee, Kyung-Sun Na, Ji-Sun Paik, Hyeon Woo Yim, Suk-Woo Yang, Won-Kyung Cho
Summary: Eyelid angiosarcomas typically peak in the eighth decade of life and are more common in Caucasian males. Surgical excision is the most important treatment modality, significantly reducing mortality and recurrence rates.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yu Young Joo, Bo-In Lee, Seung-Jun Kim, Han Hee Lee, Jin Su Kim, Jae Myung Park, Young-Seok Cho, Kang Moon Lee, Sang Woo Kim, Hwang Choi, Myung-Gyu Choi
Summary: The prognosis of intestinal Behcet's disease (iBD) patients varies depending on the diagnostic categories, with definite, probable, and suspected iBD patients showing distinct clinical courses compared to those with nondiagnostic iBD. However, patients with definite, probable, and suspected iBD share similar clinical courses.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emily J. Ricketts, Sara Beth Wolicki, Joseph R. Holbrook, Michelle Rozenman, Joseph F. McGuire, Sana N. Charania, John Piacentini, Jonathan W. Mink, John T. Walkup, Douglas W. Woods, Angelika H. Claussen
Summary: This study examined sleep problems in children with Tourette Syndrome (TS). It found that children with sleep disorder were more likely to come from households with lower parental education and poverty, and had more other diagnoses and severe symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring and intervention for children with TS, as well as considering the socioeconomic context in sleep disorder management and prevention.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Blas Couto, Ivan Martinez-Valbuena, Seojin Lee, Isabel Alfradique-Dunham, Richard J. Perrin, Joel S. Perlmutter, Carlos Cruchaga, Ain Kim, Naomi Visanji, Christine Sato, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Anthony E. Lang, Gabor G. Kovacs
Summary: This study reveals a broader range of disease courses in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) than previously known. Time to gait dependence and cognitive impairment are proposed as prognostic milestones. Genetic polymorphisms in TRIM11 and SLC2A13 genes are associated with longer disease duration. The study suggests a subtype of PSP with protracted course and explores its relationship with protein misfolding, seeding activity, and propagation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Natalia Szejko, Sally Robinson, Andreas Hartmann, Christos Ganos, Nanette M. Debes, Liselotte Skov, Martina Haas, Renata Rizzo, Jeremy Stern, Alexander Munchau, Virginie Czernecki, Andrea Dietrich, Tara L. Murphy, Davide Martino, Zsanett Tarnok, Tammy Hedderly, Kirsten R. Muller-Vahl, Danielle C. Cath
Summary: This article presents an updated version 2.0 of European clinical guidelines for Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders, focusing on assessment. The guidelines were developed through thorough literature screening, national guidelines supplementation, and expert discussions within ESSTS. Diagnostic changes between DSM-IV and DSM-5 classifications, recommendations for rating scales, and new information on differential diagnoses are highlighted. Additionally, a recent survey among ESSTS members on assessment in TS is discussed.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Antigony Rigas, Tina Mainka, Tamara Pringsheim, Alexander Muenchau, Irene Malaty, Yulia Worbe, Andrea E. Cavanna, Andrew John Lees, Anthony E. Lang, Davide Martino, Christos Ganos
Summary: This study revealed that the diagnostic distinction between primary and functional tics is often difficult, even for expert clinicians, in the absence of clinical information.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Kara A. Johnson, Yulia Worbe, Kelly D. Foote, Christopher R. Butson, Aysegul Gunduz, Michael S. Okun
Summary: Tourette syndrome is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and phonic tics that greatly impact the quality of life of affected individuals. Recent research has provided new insights into the genetic variations and neurophysiological changes that contribute to its pathogenesis. Treatment options, including novel pharmacological therapies and deep brain stimulation, are expanding, and the identification of potential predictors of patient responses can guide clinical decisions. Multicentre data sharing initiatives are crucial for advancing our understanding of the genetics and pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome and refining effective treatments.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Matti Cervin, Euripedes C. Miguel, Aysegul Selcen Guler, Ygor A. Ferrao, Ayse Burcu Erdogdu, Luisa Lazaro, Sebla Gokce, Daniel A. Geller, Yasemin Yulaf, Saziye Senem Basgul, Ozlem Ozcan, Koray Karabekiroglu, Leonardo F. Fontenelle, Yanki Yazgan, Eric A. Storch, James F. Leckman, Maria Conceicao do Rosario, David Mataix-Cols
Summary: This study established a comprehensive symptom structure model of OCD across the lifespan, consisting of eight broad dimensions valid across the lifespan. Incompleteness and Disturbing Thoughts were found to be most central in the network analysis, with unique interconnections to other dimensions. The eight broad dimensions were differentially related to sociodemographic and clinical variables.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Natalia Polga, Pedro Macul Ferreira de Barros, Luis C. Farhat, Karla Mathias de Almeida, Michael H. Bloch, Beny Lafer
Summary: Both advanced paternal and maternal age are associated with an increased risk of bipolar disorder (BD) in offspring. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind this association.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Samuel T. Wilkinson, Daniel Trujillo Diaz, Zachary W. Rupp, Anubhav Kidambi, Karina L. Ramirez, Jose M. Flores, Victor J. Avila-Quintero, T. Greg Rhee, Mark Olfson, Michael H. Bloch
Summary: This study found that lithium has a protective effect against suicide in bipolar disorder, as well as in mixed diagnostic samples. Clozapine was also shown to reduce the odds of suicide in psychotic disorders. However, other treatments such as electroconvulsive therapy and antipsychotics did not show significant associations with suicide risk.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Douglas K. Novins, Gabrielle A. Carlson, James F. Leckman, John V. Campo, Kenneth E. Towbin
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luis C. Farhat, Jose M. Flores, Emily Behling, Victor J. Avila-Quintero, Adam Lombroso, Samuele Cortese, Guilherme Polanczyk, Michael H. Bloch
Summary: We conducted a large-scale systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effects of stimulant dose and dosing strategies on clinical outcomes in children/adolescents with ADHD. Our findings suggest that flexible titration of stimulant medications can improve efficacy and acceptability.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Emily Behling, Luis C. Farhat, Angeli Landeros-Weisenberger, Michael H. Bloch
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy, acceptability, and tolerability of Vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors for chronic tic disorders (CTD), including Tourette syndrome (TS). The results showed that VMAT2 inhibitors did not have a significant effect on the short-term treatment of tic disorders and had no clinically meaningful impact on tic symptoms, but there were some adverse effects on tolerability and acceptability.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jana Essing, Ewgeni Jakubovski, Nikolas Psathakis, Sinan N. Cevirme, James F. Leckman, Kirsten R. Mueller-Vahl
Summary: The study found that premonitory urges (PUs) associated with tics were typically located in the same body area as, or in direct proximity to, the corresponding tic. Most frequently, PUs were located in the face and head (62.1%). Complex tics were more often preceded by a PU compared to simple tics, with no difference in PU frequency observed between motor and vocal tics. PUs were more often experienced at the front rather than the back of the body (73% vs. 27%), with no difference between the right and left sides (41.6% vs. 41.3%).
JOURNAL OF MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Michael H. Bloch, Krystal Finch
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melanie V. Brady, Jessica Mariani, Yildiz Koca, Anna Szekely, Robert A. King, Michael H. Bloch, Angeli Landeros-Weisenberger, James F. Leckman, Flora M. Vaccarino
Summary: This study investigates the pathophysiology of early development in Tourette Syndrome (TS) using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived basal ganglia (BG) organoids. The findings suggest that TS individuals show impaired development of medial ganglionic eminence and reduced differentiation of cholinergic and GABAergic interneurons in the BG organoids. Transcriptome analyses reveal mispatterning in TS, with altered expression of GLI transcription factors and cilia disruption in the early stages of BG organoid differentiation.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Alice Lineham, Victor J. Avila-Quintero, Michael H. Bloch, Jennifer Dwyer
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between acute dissociative symptoms and antidepressant response to ketamine in adolescents with treatment-resistant depression. The results indicate no significant relationship between dissociation symptoms and depression symptom improvement with ketamine treatment in this population. However, the interpretation of the findings may be limited due to the small sample size. Future research should include larger samples to more accurately measure the magnitude of association between acute dissociative symptoms and later antidepressant response to ketamine.
JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Thiago Blanco-Vieira, Joaquim Radua, Livia Marcelino, Michael Bloch, David Mataix-Cols, Maria Conceicao do Rosario
Summary: This study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) genetic epidemiology, aiming to update the current knowledge in the field. The findings include the high prevalence and familial nature of OCD, especially among the relatives of children and adolescent probands, with a phenotypic heritability of around 50%, and the higher correlations of OCD symptoms between monozygotic twins are mainly attributed to genetic and non-shared environmental factors.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
James F. Leckman, Liliana Angelica Ponguta, Gabriela Pavarini, Sascha D. Hein, Michael F. Mccarthy, Haifa Staiti, Suna Hanoz-Penney, Joanna Rubinstein, Kyle D. Pruett, M. Yanki Yazgan, N. Shemrah Fallon, Franz J. Hartl, Margalit Ziv, Rima Salah, Pia Rebello Britto, Siobhan Fitzpatrick, Catherine Panter-Brick
Summary: Children's environments, especially relationships with caregivers, play a crucial role in shaping developing brains and bio-behavioral systems. Investing in early childhood development is essential for creating peaceful, equitable, and sustainable societies.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Pia R. Britto, Suna Hanoz-Penney, Liliana Angelica Ponguta, Diane Sunar, Ghassan Issa, Sascha D. Hein, Maria Conceicao do Rosario, Maha A. Almuneef, Irem Korucu, Yaya Togo, Jamshed Kurbonov, Nurlan Choibekov, Hien Thi Thu Phan, N. Shemrah Fallon, Bekir B. Artukoglu, Franz J. Hartl, Rima Salah, Siobhan Fitzpatrick, Paul Connolly, Laura Dunne, Sarah Miller, Kyle Pruett, James F. Leckman
Summary: This article provides an overview of international efforts inspired by Edward Zigler's vision to improve programs and policies for young children and families in the United States. The efforts align with three strategies articulated by Zigler: conducting research, designing quality early childhood development programs, and investing in building the next generation of scholars and advocates in child development. The intergenerational impact of Zigler's legacy has influenced young children not only in the US but also globally, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts to ensure optimal development for every child.
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Fernanda Speggiorin Pereira Alarcao, Elizabeth Shephard, Daniel Fatori, Renata Amavel, Anna Chiesa, Lislaine Fracolli, Alicia Matijasevich, Helena Brentani, Charles A. Nelson, James Leckman, Euripedes Constantino Miguel, Guilherme Polanczyk
Summary: This study aimed to test whether a home-visiting intervention could improve early attachment relationships between adolescent mothers and their infants living in poverty in Brazil. The results showed that infants in the intervention group had better attachment with their mothers and showed more positive social behavior at 12 months, with smaller Nc amplitudes to the mother's face at 6 months being associated with better social behavior at 12 months.
DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Xiuxiu Zhao, Junlin Li, Xianhai Xie, Zhaojing Fang, Yue Feng, Yi Zhong, Chen Chen, Kaizong Huang, Chun Ge, Hongwei Shi, Yanna Si, Jianjun Zou
Summary: This study developed dynamic prediction models for postoperative delirium (POD) after cardiac surgery using machine learning algorithms. The models showed satisfactory predictive performance and were used to create online risk calculators for identifying high-risk patients and facilitating early intervention or care.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Miaolan Guo, Jing Su, Shaoyan Zheng, Baixin Chen
Summary: Psoriasis is associated with poor sleep quality and higher risk for sleep disturbance, especially among patients with psoriatic arthritis, severe psoriasis, shorter duration of psoriasis, and younger age. Patients with psoriasis are also more likely to experience insomnia, restless legs syndrome (RLS), and depression.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH
(2024)