Article
Psychiatry
Stephanie Valle, Eve K. Chesivoir, Jon E. Grant
Summary: This study reveals the characteristics of trichotillomania and skin picking disorder in a Hispanic sample of adults, highlighting the severity of symptoms and low quality of life in this population. Additionally, anxiety disorders and OCD were found to be common comorbidities. The study also found that Hispanic adults with these disorders tend to exhibit higher levels of impulsivity and compulsivity compared to non-Hispanic adults. Furthermore, a significant portion of the Hispanic sample reported seeking treatment, but faced challenges due to a lack of knowledgeable therapists, psychologists, and psychiatrists.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jon E. Grant, Stephanie Valle, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: Excessive calorie intake is a global public health concern, and dietary intake is related to impulsivity and compulsivity. Research shows that sugar intake is significantly associated with trans-diagnostic compulsivity and non-planning impulsivity, while a high fat/high sugar diet is linked to higher motor impulsivity.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Jon E. Grant, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: This study found that individuals with BFRBs have heightened levels of neuroticism, introversion, and lack of conscientiousness, which are strongly associated with clinically relevant features of illness.
Article
Neuroimaging
Jon E. Grant, Tara S. Peris, Emily J. Ricketts, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Joseph O'Neill, Jeremiah M. Scharf, Darin D. Dougherty, Thilo Deckersbach, Douglas W. Woods, John Piacentini, Nancy J. Keuthen
Summary: This study found marked differences in brain activation during reward and loss anticipation in patients with BFRBs, indicating the presence of dysregulated reward circuitry in these individuals. The identified pathophysiology of reward dysfunction may be useful for tailoring future treatments.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Elizabeth Cavic, Stephanie Valle, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Jon E. Grant
Summary: This study found that individuals with trichotillomania and skin picking disorder have poorer sleep quality, which is significantly related to age, stress, distress tolerance, and impulsivity. Poor sleep quality is related to hair pulling symptom severity but not skin picking severity. Additionally, higher levels of comorbid mental disorders are also associated with worse sleep quality.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Darin D. Dougherty, Amy T. Peters, Jon E. Grant, Tara S. Peris, Emily J. Ricketts, Marta Migo, Tina Chou, Joseph O'Neill, Dan J. Stein, Christine Lochner, Nancy Keuthen, John Piacentini, Thilo Deckersbach
Summary: Disorders such as Trichotillomania (TTM) and skin-picking disorder (SPD) are associated with reduced activation in the basal ganglia, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) during associative learning compared to healthy controls. These findings suggest that individuals with TTM/SPD may have different brain mechanisms for forming or reforming visual stimulus-motor response associations.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Stephanie Valle, Eve Chesivoir, Jon E. Grant
Summary: Adults with BFRBs tend to exhibit patterns of low care and high protection parenting from their parents, with significantly lower care scores compared to controls. This suggests a potential association between low maternal and paternal care with BFRBs, indicating that the nature of familial relationships may play a role in the development of these disorders.
PSYCHIATRIC QUARTERLY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jon E. Grant, Tara S. Peris, Emily J. Ricketts, Christine Lochner, Dan J. Stein, Jan Stochl, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Jeremiah M. Scharf, Darin D. Dougherty, Douglas W. Woods, John Piacentini, Nancy J. Keuthen
Summary: Three subtypes of trichotillomania and two subtypes of excoriation disorder were identified, with significant differences from the control group. These clinical differences may be useful in tailoring future treatments.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jon E. Grant, Richard A. Bethlehem, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Tara S. Peris, Emily J. Ricketts, Joseph O'Neill, Darin D. Dougherty, Dan Stein, Christine Lochner, Douglas W. Woods, John Piacentini, Nancy J. Keuthen
Summary: This study found that there are differences in brain structure among different subtypes of Trichotillomania (TTM), which may have implications for understanding clinical presentations and treatment response.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mia Asplund, Christian Ruck, Fabian Lenhard, Tove Gunnarsson, Martin Bellander, Hanna Delby, Volen Z. Ivanov
Summary: The study found that AEGBT was effective for patients with trichotillomania and skin-picking disorder, with significant improvements in symptoms post-treatment and maintenance of these improvements at the 12-month follow-up. Group attendance was high and helped therapists see more patients compared to individual therapy. The results provide initial support for the feasibility and efficacy of this adapted treatment approach for TTM and SPD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Leila K. Capel, Julie M. Petersen, Douglas W. Woods, Brook A. Marcks, Michael P. Twohig
Summary: According to the study, healthcare providers have limited knowledge and experience in treating trichotillomania and skin picking. Many providers have outdated or inaccurate knowledge of the diagnostic criteria and evidence-based treatments for these disorders. They expressed the need for additional education and training to improve their ability to treat these conditions.
COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ivar Snorrason, Nancy J. J. Keuthen, Courtney Beard, Throstur Bjorgvinsson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of hair pulling disorder (HPD; trichotillomania) and skin picking disorder (SPD; excoriation disorder) in an acute psychiatric sample. Results showed that the past-month prevalence of HPD and SPD was 2.3% and 9%, respectively. HPD and SPD had similar clinical characteristics and often co-occurred. Patients with HPD/SPD were younger and more likely to be female. The presence of HPD/SPD was significantly associated with an increased risk of generalized anxiety disorder.
JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Efruz Pirdogan Aydin, Hasan Demirci, Azra Gokovali Begenen, Julide Guler Kenar, Ilknur Kivanc Altunay, Omer Akil Ozer, Kayihan Oguz Karamustafalioglu
Summary: Patients with TTM and SPD show lower accuracy in facial emotion recognition and higher levels of alexithymia compared to healthy controls.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jon E. Grant, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: Trichotillomania and skin picking disorder are body-focused repetitive behaviors that have been grouped with obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. Little research has been done on the role of compulsivity in these behaviors, but this study found that compulsivity contributes significantly to disability and quality of life in individuals with these disorders.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Carsten Spitzer, Laura Luebke, Tereza Lindstaedt, Christina Gallinat, Julia K. Tietze, Steffen Emmert, Alexander Thiem
Summary: The prevalence of pathological skin-picking (PSP) is about one in four among dermatological patients, with individuals suffering from atopic dermatitis being at a higher risk. Early identification and appropriate treatment are necessary for this high-risk population.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jon E. Grant, Richard A. Bethlehem, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Tara S. Peris, Emily J. Ricketts, Joseph O'Neill, Darin D. Dougherty, Dan Stein, Christine Lochner, Douglas W. Woods, John Piacentini, Nancy J. Keuthen
Summary: This study found that there are differences in brain structure among different subtypes of Trichotillomania (TTM), which may have implications for understanding clinical presentations and treatment response.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mary-Ellen E. Brierley, Lucy Albertella, Kristian Rotaru, Louise Destree, Emma M. Thompson, Chang Liu, Erynn Christensen, Amelia Lowe, Rebecca A. Segrave, Karyn E. Richardson, Edouard Kayayan, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Jon E. Grant, Rico S. C. Lee, Sam Hughes, Murat Yucel, Leonardo F. Fontenelle
Summary: This study investigates the relationships between compulsivity and diet quality, sleep quality, and physical activity, and finds that psychological distress mediates these relationships. Lifestyle interventions for compulsivity should focus on reducing psychological distress, followed by improving sleep and diet quality.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jeremy E. Solly, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Katherine Lust, Jon E. Grant
Summary: This study examined the associations of binge eating disorder (BED) with comorbidities and measures of impulsivity and compulsivity in university students. The findings suggest that BED is associated with trait impulsivity and compulsivity, as well as other mental disorders.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jon E. Grant, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: This study examined sustained attention problems across a range of psychiatric disorders and found that impaired attention is not specific to ADHD. Several other disorders, such as social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bulimia nervosa, and intermittent explosive disorder, were associated with significantly larger deficits in sustained attention. Clinicians should screen for a variety of disorders when people report attentional problems, instead of assuming they are due to ADHD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jon E. Grant, Austin W. Blum, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Katherine Lust
Summary: This study examined the relationship between religiosity and impulsive and compulsive tendencies among university students. The results showed that higher levels of religiosity were associated with better self-esteem, lower rates of alcohol and drug problems, and lower impulsivity in terms of attention and planning. However, compulsivity did not differ between groups. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the impact of religiosity on mental health.
Article
Psychiatry
Nina M. Lutz, Sharon A. S. Neufeld, Roxanne W. Hook, Peter B. Jones, Edward T. Bullmore, Ian M. Goodyer, Tamsin J. Ford, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Paul O. Wilkinson
Summary: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is more common among women, possibly due to their higher levels of psychological distress. Women also show significant differences in sensation seeking and positive urgency compared to men. Psychological distress partially mediates the relationship between gender and NSSI.
ARCHIVES OF SUICIDE RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Samuel R. Chamberlain, Betul Aslan, Anthony Quinn, Amith Anilkumar, Janine Robinson, Jon E. Grant, Julia Sinclair
Summary: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD), which are common and often associated with substance use disorders, may also have a connection with gambling disorder. Previous studies have examined the cognitive aspects of the relationship between autism and gambling and found mixed results, with autistic individuals showing either lower, equal, or higher performance than non-autistic individuals. The most consistent finding is that autistic individuals tend to have slower responses in gambling tasks. However, there is a lack of research on the neurocognitive overlap between autism and gambling, and future studies should investigate this relationship using validated tools and sufficient sample sizes.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jeggan Tiego, William Trender, Peter J. Hellyer, Jon E. Grant, Adam Hampshire, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: Compulsivity is relevant to various psychiatric disorders, but it lacks characterization and validated measures at large scale. This study used the Cambridge-Chicago Compulsivity Trait Scale to describe the multidimensional latent structure of self-reported compulsivity in a population-based sample. The results revealed a two-factor model consisting of Perfectionism and Reward Drive dimensions, with discriminant validity and acceptable test-retest reliability. The scale, validated at a large scale, is suitable for studying compulsivity in clinical and nonclinical participants, and normative data are provided for future interpretation.
Article
Substance Abuse
Anthony Quinn, Samuel R. R. Chamberlain, Jon E. E. Grant
Summary: Previous research has shown a correlation between the age at which an individual first gambles and problematic behavior later in life, but little is known about how age of gambling onset, particularly as a child or young adult, affects future gambling. This study analyzed data from young adults in the United States and found that an earlier age of gambling onset was associated with betting a higher proportion during a neurocognitive task. There were no significant associations between age of gambling onset and severity of recent pathological gambling, gambling expenditure in the past year, or gambling frequency in the past week.
AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jon E. Grant, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: This study examines the presence of illegal behaviors in individuals with gambling disorders and their impact. The results show that 43.3% of individuals with gambling disorders reported gambling-related illegal behaviors, which were associated with earlier symptom onset, higher levels of depressive symptoms, worse quality of life, and higher impulsivity. However, these illegal behaviors did not have an impact on treatment response or symptom severity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Julia M. A. Sinclair, Betul Aslan, Roberta Agabio, Amith Anilkumar, Mark Brosnan, Ed Day, Nicki A. Dowling, Chelsey Flood, Jon E. Grant, Robyn Halliday, Bjorn Hofvander, Leesa Howes, Rachel Moseley, Bronwyn Myers, Vincent O'Connor, Gabriel Shaya, Shane Thomas, Janine Robinson, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: Autistic individuals are more prone to problematic alcohol and substance use compared to the general population. Research shows that around one in three autistic adults may have an alcohol or substance use disorder, while the evidence for behavioral addictions is less clear. Substance use and addictive behaviors may be used by autistic individuals as a way to cope with social anxiety and challenges. However, the lack of literature on the intersection between autism and these conditions hinders progress in health policy, research, and clinical practice.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rico S. C. Lee, Lucy Albertella, Erynn Christensen, Chao Suo, Rebecca A. Segrave, Maja Brydevall, Rebecca Kirkham, Chang Liu, Leonardo F. Fontenelle, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Kristian Rotaru, Murat Yucel
Summary: The purpose of this study was to validate a gamified battery of neurocognitive tasks for assessing addictive behaviors. The findings showed that the gamified tasks were sufficiently valid for assessing key neurocognitive processes related to addiction. This validation has significant implications for risk detection and the successful deployment of next-generation assessment tools for substance use or misuse and other mental disorders characterized by neurocognitive anomalies.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shane A. Thomas, Colette J. Browning, Fadi J. Charchar, Britt Klein, Marcia G. Ory, Henrietta Bowden-Jones, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: Chronic illnesses pose a major threat to global population health, with an increasing prevalence over time. This paper discusses strategies to address chronic diseases, including the development of risk prediction tools, enhancing preventive measures and chronic disease management, and utilizing digital health systems. Limited research has been conducted on the combined population-level health effects of these strategies.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jon E. Grant, Madison Collins, Eve Chesivoir, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: This study finds that the relationship between trichotillomania and alcohol use problems has received little research attention. Among individuals with trichotillomania, 13.2% had hazardous alcohol use in the past year, but this difference was not statistically significant. However, past year hazardous drinking was associated with higher trait impulsivity.
PSYCHIATRIC QUARTERLY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Erynn Christensen, Lucy Albertella, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Maja Brydevall, Chao Suo, Jon E. Grant, Murat Yucel, Rico Sze Chun Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the neurocognitive correlates of problem alcohol use and three non-substance-related addictive behaviors using a large community sample. The results showed differential associations between neurocognition and each addictive behavior, highlighting the need for a more nuanced understanding of non-substance addiction.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Yafit Levin, Rahel Bachem, Dorit Brafman, Menachem Ben-Ezra
Summary: Negative symptoms of schizophrenia have been overlooked, and this study found an association between negative symptoms and the risk of dissociative disorder, independently of depression and anxiety symptoms. It is important to consider both negative symptoms and dissociative symptoms in clinical practice to better understand their interaction.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Psychiatry
Roland Mergl, Sarah M. Quaatz, Vanessa Lemke, Antje-Kathrin Allgaier
Summary: Women who have had miscarriages or stillbirths have an increased risk for depressive symptoms and disorders, with a wide range of prevalence rates. However, depressive symptoms tend to diminish over time.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Hai-Yang Wang, Lin Zhang, Bei-Yan Guan, Shi-Yao Wang, Cui-Hong Zhang, Ming-Fei Ni, Yan-Wei Miao, Bing-Wei Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the association between cognitive reappraisal and panic disorder (PD), and finds that PD patients have weakened functional connectivity between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the amygdala, which is associated with the severity of PD symptoms. Additionally, cognitive reappraisal is negatively correlated with PD severity, and the PFC-amygdala functional connectivity plays a mediating role in this association.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Yanqiang Tao, Xinyuan Zou, Qihui Tang, Wenxin Hou, Shujian Wang, Zijuan Ma, Gang Liu, Xiangping Liu
Summary: Depression and anxiety are prevalent mental disorders among adolescents. The study utilized network analysis to examine the symptom dimension of depression and anxiety in different age groups of adolescents. The results indicated that different age groups have different key symptoms and bridging symptoms, highlighting the importance of targeting specific symptoms at different stages of adolescence in treatment to alleviate the comorbidity of anxiety and depression.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Philip J. Batterham, Aliza Werner-Seidler, Bridianne O'Dea, Alison L. Calear, Kate Maston, Andrew Mackinnon, Helen Christensen
Summary: Screening for psychological distress in adolescents is important, and the Distress Questionnaire-5 (DQ5) is a reliable measure for this purpose. The study found that DQ5 had good fit to a unidimensional construct, strong criterion and predictive validity, and sensitivity to change. The brevity and ease of interpretation of DQ5 make it suitable for screening in schools.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Xiaoli Liu, Qianqian Chen, Fang Cheng, Wenhao Zhuang, Wenwu Zhang, Yiping Tang, Dongsheng Zhou
Summary: This study found working memory defects in adolescents with major depressive disorder compared to healthy controls based on mean oxy-hemoglobin changes, which can be useful for distinguishing adolescents with MDD from healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Anders Nordahl-Hansen, Hugo Cogo-Moreira, Sareh Panjeh, Daniel S. Quintana
Summary: This article aims to determine empirically-derived effect size thresholds associated with psychotherapy for depressive disorders by calculating the effect size distribution. The findings indicate that the observed effect size thresholds are larger than the suggested guidelines, which has implications for interpreting study effects and planning future research.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Guangli Zhao, Liyong Yu, Peixin Chen, Keli Zhu, Lu Yang, Wenting Lin, Yucai Luo, Zeyang Dou, Hao Xu, Pan Zhang, Tianmin Zhu, Siyi Yu
Summary: This study investigated the neural mechanisms underlying emotional attention bias in patients with CID using ERP and rs-FC approaches. The results revealed abnormalities in attention processing and connectivity in the emotion-cognition networks of CID patients. This study provides a neural basis for understanding attention bias in CID.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Seungyeon Lee, Sora Mun, Jiyeong Lee, Hee-Gyoo Kang
Summary: Major depressive disorder is a prevalent condition worldwide, but the proportion of patients receiving treatment has not increased. Biomarkers related to drug-treatment responses can be used to monitor the effectiveness of medication. Serum protein levels were compared among patients with depression who received medication, those who did not, and a control group. Eight biomarkers were identified, which can be used to monitor the effectiveness of drug treatment.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Alfredo L. Sklar, Fang -Cheng Yeh, Mark Curtis, Dylan Seebold, Brian A. Coffman, Dean F. Salisbury
Summary: This study investigated semantic verbal fluency (SVF) impairments in first-episode psychosis patients within the schizophrenia spectrum. The findings revealed disruptions in both functional and structural connectivity in these patients, as well as an association between enhanced connectivity in the right hemisphere and worse SVF performance and longer disease duration.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Maksymilian Rejek, Blazej Misiak
Summary: This study investigates the association of the exposome score (ES) with psychosis risk in a non-clinical population. The results show that the ES is associated with the extended psychosis phenotype, suggesting its potential to identify individuals who may benefit from further psychosis risk assessment.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
