Article
Chemistry, Physical
G. Athanasaki, N. Chauhan, R. Ahmad, A. M. Kannan
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of gas diffusion layer configurations containing different materials in water and hydrogen peroxide, showing that VULCAN (R) carbon suffered severe corrosion leading to performance degradation, while PUREBLACK (R) carbon demonstrated higher durability, possibly due to its structure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zunyan Hu, Liangfei Xu, Jianqiu Li, Qing Wang, Yangbin Shao, Xiaojing Chen, Wei Dai, Minggao Ouyang
Summary: The nonlinear, accelerated decline of fuel cells is difficult to detect early; corrosion leads to a decrease in the porosity of the catalyst layer, accelerating the decline in fuel cell performance.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Electrochemistry
Chunmei Wang, Mark Ricketts, Amir Peyman Soleymani, Jasna Jankovic, James Waldecker, Jixin Chen
Summary: Support carbon corrosion is a major degradation mechanism affecting fuel cell performance. An accelerated stress test was conducted at Ford to evaluate the durability of five MEAs made from CCMs containing different carbon supports, catalyst loadings, compositions, I/C ratios, and ionomer EWs. The study focused on carbon loss, voltage degradation, ECSA loss, catalyst layer thickness reduction, catalyst dispersion change, and electrode porosity change post-AST.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Peter Hacke, Michael Owen-Bellini, Michael D. Kempe, Dana B. Sulas-Kern, David C. Miller, Marko Jankovec, Stefan Mitterhofer, Marko Topic, Sergiu Spataru, William Gambogi, Tadanori Tanahashi
Summary: Combined-accelerated stress testing (C-AST) is used to evaluate the durability of photovoltaic (PV) products, especially for unknown degradation modes. It aims to represent the sample, stress factors, and their combinations by using statistical tails of the natural environment. The acceleration factors for relevant climate sequences within the C-AST cycle are estimated for selected degradation mechanisms.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xingyi Shi, Xiaoyu Huo, Oladapo Christopher Esan, Yichen Dai, Liang An, T. S. Zhao
Summary: The liquid fuel cell has gained global attention due to its high energy density and ease of fuel handling. However, its limited power density has hindered its practical application. To overcome this limitation, a recently proposed and demonstrated fuel cell that uses an electrically rechargeable liquid fuel has shown significant performance improvements. Unlike conventional alcoholic liquid fuels, this new fuel possesses excellent reactivity, even on carbon-based materials, eliminating the need for noble metal catalysts. However, the water generated during cell operation can cause water flooding and limit performance. This study addresses this issue by manipulating the cathode composition, ultimately achieving enhanced water management and cell performance in a fuel cell using a blended binder cathode. Furthermore, a fuel cell stack is designed and fabricated to power a 3D-printed toy car, demonstrating the potential for future study and real-world applications.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Preetam Sharma, Lei Cheng, Douglas Aaron, Shirin Mehrazi, Jonathan Braaten, Nathan Craig, Christina Johnston, Matthew M. Mench
Summary: This study presents an in-depth analysis of heterogeneous aging patterns in membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) under different stress test conditions, revealing distinct current distribution and catalyst growth changes. Despite differing Pt particle size growth, spatial current distributions show only minor variations in wet and dry Pt particle size growth tests. In contrast, the carbon corrosion test leads to substantial current gradients.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Qin Chen, Guobin Zhang, Xuzhong Zhang, Cheng Sun, Kui Jiao, Yun Wang
Summary: This review summarized recent progress in thermal management of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells, focusing on waste heat generation mechanisms, cooling methods, cold starts, material properties, and durability. The challenge of cooling PEM fuel cell stacks and coupling thermal and water managements is discussed, along with proposed future directions for research.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
E. Pahon, D. Hissel, N. Yousfi-Steiner
Summary: This paper reviews the accelerated stress testing in fuel cell stack testing, including degradation mechanisms and testing protocols for different components. In addition to the standardized testing methods provided by the Department of Energy, other recent testing protocols are also reviewed.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuwei Pan, Huizhi Wang, Nigel P. Brandon
Summary: This paper reviews the latest research progress of gas diffusion layer (GDL) durability from three aspects: degradation mechanisms, experimental methods, and modelling approaches. The six degradation modes of GDLs and experimental techniques for measuring property deterioration are discussed, as well as the development of modeling approaches relating to GDL degradation.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qidong Xu, Meng Ni
Summary: A 2D numerical model was developed to study a tubular direct methanol SOFC, with parameters such as temperature, thickness, and length having significant effects on performance. Increasing temperature enhances cell performance, while other parameters also play important roles in optimizing SOFC performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hee-Eun Kim, Sangyong Shin, Hyunjoo Lee
Summary: The study shows that covering carbon support with IrOx nanoparticles can minimize carbon oxidation and maintain the stability of fuel cells; carbon defects help enhance the oxygen evolution reaction activity and improve CO tolerance.
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huanming Li, Feifei Bi, Liang Dong, Zhutian Xu, Xiaobo Li, Fei Zhou, Chenyao Fan, Weiyu Shi, Linfa Peng, Xinmin Lai
Summary: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered promising energy devices for transportation due to their efficiency and cleanliness. However, metallic bipolar plates (BPPs) face a durability problem. Currently, the lack of scientific, efficient, and low-cost evaluation methods limits the development of metallic BPPs. We propose a novel ex-situ accelerated durability evaluation method based on quantitative analysis of voltage loss and metal ions released from metallic BPPs. The method's availability and accuracy were verified through comparison of microstructures after in-situ and ex-situ testing. This method is of great significance for developing metallic BPPs with higher durability.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nianfang Wan
Summary: This paper proposes accelerated stress test protocols for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) to simulate real-life operation conditions and shorten evaluation time. The cell exhibits long survival time and stable membrane/electrode interface, but degradation of gas diffusion layer (GDL) and catalysts are found to cause performance degradation.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Eliran R. Hamo, Brian A. Rosen
Summary: As energy demands increase and environmental issues loom, fuel cells have gained significant attention as an alternative energy source, but the primary challenge remains improving fuel cell durability. Transition metal carbides (TMCs) show promise as a substitute for carbon-based catalyst supports, but concerns about their durability during start-up and shutdown operations hinder their large-scale deployment.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Shangwei Zhou, Paul R. Shearing, Dan J. L. Brett, Rhodri Jervis
Summary: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are efficient and promising energy supply systems, but they require accurate diagnosis methods due to their narrow operating range and tendency for faults. Limited data input and advanced characterization are two main approaches for diagnosis, but machine learning shows potential for accurate and rapid diagnosis.
CURRENT OPINION IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohammad Ahadi, Mickey Tam, Madhu S. Saha, Jurgen Stumper, Majid Bahrami
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Juan Wu, Xiaohui Zhu, Marcia M. West, Tolek Tyliszczak, Hung-Wei Shiu, David Shapiro, Viatcheslav Berejnov, Darija Susac, Juergen Stumper, Adam P. Hitchcock
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Juan Wu, Lis G. A. Melo, Xiaohui Zhu, Marcia M. West, Viatcheslav Berejnov, Darija Susac, Juergen Stumper, Adam P. Hitchcock
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lis G. A. Melo, Adam P. Hitchcock, Darija Susac, Juergen Stumper, Viatcheslav Berejnov
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sina Salari, Jurgen Stumper, Majid Bahrami
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohammad Ahadi, Mickey Tam, Jurgen Stumper, Majid Bahrami
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
N. Ge, R. Banerjee, D. Muirhead, J. Lee, H. Liu, P. Shrestha, A. K. C. Wong, J. Jankovic, M. Tam, D. Susac, J. Stumper, A. Bazylak
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ali Malekian, Sina Salari, Juergen Stumper, Ned Djilali, Majid Bahrami
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Michael T. Y. Paul, Madhu S. Saha, Wei Li Qi, Juergen Stumper, Byron D. Gates
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2020)
Article
Electrochemistry
M. Ahadi, J. Jankovic, M. Tam, B. Zahiri, M. S. Saha, J. Stumper, M. Bahrami
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sina Salari, Mickey Tam, Claire McCague, Juergen Stumper, Majid Bahrami
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2020)
Article
Electrochemistry
S. Shukla, F. Wei, M. Mandal, J. Zhou, M. S. Saha, J. Stumper, M. Secanell
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Electrochemistry
S. Shukla, D. Stanier, M. S. Saha, B. Zahiri, M. Tam, J. Stumper, M. Secanell
SELECTED PROCEEDINGS FROM THE 231ST ECS MEETING
(2017)
Proceedings Paper
Electrochemistry
L. G. A. Melo, A. P. Hitchcock, J. Jankovic, J. Stumper, D. Susac, V. Berejnov
POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 17 (PEFC 17)
(2017)
Proceedings Paper
Electrochemistry
V. Berejnov, M. S. Saha, D. Susac, J. Stumper, M. M. West, A. P. Hitchcock
POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 17 (PEFC 17)
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tianyu Chen, Zhibin Lu, Guangjin Zeng, Yongmin Xie, Jie Xiao, Zhifeng Xu
Summary: The study introduces a high-performance LSGM electrolyte-supported tubular DC-SOFC stack for portable applications, which shows great potential in developing into high-performing, efficient, and environmentally friendly portable power sources for distributed applications.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenbin Tong, Yili Chen, Shijie Gong, Shaokun Zhu, Jie Tian, Jiaqian Qin, Wenyong Chen, Shuanghong Chen
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional porous NiO interface layer with enhanced anode dynamics is fabricated, forming a Schottky contact with the zinc substrate, allowing rapid and uniform zinc plating both inside and below the interface layer. The resulting NiO@Zn exhibits exceptional stability and high capacity retention.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yafeng Bai, Kaidi Li, Liying Wang, Yang Gao, Xuesong Li, Xijia Yang, Wei Lu
Summary: In this study, a flexible zinc ion supercapacitor with gel electrolytes, porous alpha-MnO2@reduced graphene oxide cathode, and activated carbon/carbon cloth anode was developed. The device exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and stability, even at low temperatures, with a high cycle retention rate after 5000 cycles.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anmol Jnawali, Matt D. R. Kok, Francesco Iacoviello, Daniel J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing
Summary: This article presents the results of a systematic study on the electrochemical performance and mechanical changes in two types of commercial batteries with different anode chemistry. The study reveals that the swelling of anode layers in batteries with silicon-based components causes deformations in the jelly roll structure, but the presence of a small percentage of silicon does not significantly impact the cycling performance of the cells within the relevant state-of-health range for electric vehicles (EVs). The research suggests that there is room for improving the cell capacities by increasing the silicon loading in composite anodes to meet the increasing demands on EVs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yohandys A. Zulueta, My Phuong Pham-Ho, Minh Tho Nguyen
Summary: Advanced atomistic simulations were used to study ion transport in the Na- and K-doped lithium disilicate Li2Si2O5. The results showed that Na and K doping significantly enhanced Li ion diffusion and conduction in the material.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zongying Han, Hui Dong, Yanru Yang, Hao Yu, Zhibin Yang
Summary: An efficient phase inversion-impregnation approach is developed to fabricate BaO-decorated Ni8 mol% YSZ anode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with anti-coking properties. BaO nanoislands are successfully introduced inside the Ni-YSZ anode, leading to higher peak power densities and improved stability in methane fuel. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the loading of BaO nanoislands facilitates carbon elimination by capturing and dissociating H2O molecules to generate OH.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Suresh Mamidi, Dan Na, Baeksang Yoon, Henu Sharma, Anil D. Pathak, Kisor Kumar Sahu, Dae Young Lee, Cheul-Ro Lee, Inseok Seo
Summary: Li-CO2 batteries, which utilize CO2 and have a high energy density, are hindered in practical applications due to slow kinetics and safety hazards. This study introduces a stable and highly conductive ceramic-based solid electrolyte and a metal-organic framework catalyst to improve the safety and performance of Li-CO2 batteries. The optimized Li-CO2 cell shows outstanding specific capacity and cycle life, and the post-cycling analysis reveals the degradation mechanism of the electrodes. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory are also performed to understand the interactions between the catalyst and the host electrode. This research demonstrates the potential of MOF cathode catalyst for stable operation in Li-CO2 batteries.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ganghua Xiang, Zhihuan Qiu, Huilong Fei, Zhigang Liu, Shuangfeng Yin, Yuen Wu
Summary: In this study, a CeFeOx-supported Pt single atoms and subnanometric clusters catalyst was developed, which exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and stability for the preferential oxidation of CO in H2-rich stream through synergistic effect.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dimitrios Chatzogiannakis, Marcus Fehse, Maria Angeles Cabanero, Natalia Romano, Ashley Black, Damien Saurel, M. Rosa Palacin, Montse Casas-Cabanas
Summary: By coupling electrochemical testing to operando synchrotron based X-ray absorption and powder diffraction experiments, blended positive electrodes consisting of LiMn2O4 spinel (LMO) and layered LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC) were studied to understand their redox mechanism. It was found that blending NMC with LMO can enhance energy density at high rates, with the blend containing 25% LMO showing the best performance. Testing with a special electrochemical setup revealed that the effective current load on each blend component can vary significantly from the nominal rate and also changes with SoC. Operando studies allowed monitoring of the oxidation state evolution and changes in crystal structure, in line with the expected behavior of individual components considering their electrochemical current loads.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chiara Cementon, Daniel Dewar, Thrinathreddy Ramireddy, Michael Brennan, Alexey M. Glushenkov
Summary: This Perspective discusses the specific power and power density of lithium-ion capacitors, highlighting the fact that their power characteristics are often underestimated. Through analysis, it is found that lithium-ion capacitors can usually achieve power densities superior to electrochemical supercapacitors, making them excellent alternatives to supercapacitors.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weihao Wang, Hao Yu, Li Ma, Youquan Zhang, Yuejiao Chen, Libao Chen, Guichao Kuang, Liangjun Zhou, Weifeng Wei
Summary: This study achieved an improved electrolyte with excellent low-temperature and high-voltage performance by regulating the Li+ solvation structure and highly concentrating it. The electrolyte exhibited outstanding oxidation potential and high ionic conductivity under low temperature and high voltage conditions, providing a promising approach for the practical application of high-voltage LIBs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Martin Bures, Dan Gotz, Jiri Charvat, Milos Svoboda, Jaromir Pocedic, Juraj Kosek, Alexandr Zubov, Petr Mazur
Summary: Vanadium redox flow battery is a promising energy storage solution with long-term durability, non-flammability, and high overall efficiency. Researchers have developed a mathematical model to simulate the charge-discharge cycling of the battery, and found that hydraulic connection of electrolyte tanks is the most effective strategy to reduce capacity losses, achieving a 69% reduction.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Rodriguez-Gomez, J. Campo, A. Orera, F. de La Fuente, J. Valenciano, H. Fricke, D. S. Hussey, Y. Chen, D. Yu, K. An, A. Larrea
Summary: In this study, we analysed the operando performance of industrial lead cells using neutron diffraction experiments. The experiments revealed the evolution of different phases in the positive electrode, showed significant inhomogeneity of phase distribution inside the electrode, and estimated the energy efficiency of the cells.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiawei Liu, Chenpeng Wang, Yue Yao, Hao Ye, Yinglong Liu, Yingli Liu, Xiaoru Xu, Zhicong Chen, Huazheng Yang, Gang Wu, Libin Lei, Chao Wang, Bo Liang
Summary: The study focuses on utilizing double conductive Ni-pads as anode collectors in micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells. The simulation results show excellent performance and stability of DCNPs, and also highlight the potential applications in various fields.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yang Wang, Kangjie Zhou, Lang Cui, Jiabing Mei, Shengnan Li, Le Li, Wei Fan, Longsheng Zhang, Tianxi Liu
Summary: This study presents a polyimide sandwiched separator (s-PIF) for improving the cycling stability of Li-metal batteries. The s-PIF separator exhibits superior mechanical property, electrolyte adsorption/retention and ion conductivity, and enables dendrite-free Li plating/stripping process.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)