4.6 Article

Biodegradability and Compostability of Nanofibrillar Cellulose-Based Products

期刊

JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
卷 23, 期 2, 页码 206-215

出版社

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10924-014-0694-3

关键词

Nanofibrillar cellulose; Cellulose nanofibrils; Biodegradation; Composting; Ecotoxicity

资金

  1. European Community [247989]

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Biodegradability and compostability of nanofibrillar cellulose-based (NFC) products including films, concentrated NFC and paper products containing NFC were evaluated under controlled composting conditions. All the NFC products tested were biodegradable according to the requirements set in European standard EN 13432. NFC even enhanced the rate of biodegradability of paper containing 1.5 % NFC as an additive. Disintegration during composting was evaluated using the modified pilot-scale composting test EN 14045. NFC films disintegrated completely in 3 weeks of composting, and NFC did not influence the degradability of paper products containing NFC. Ecotoxicity during biodegradation of NFC products in a compost environment was evaluated using a bioluminescence test with Vibrio fischeri. No acute toxicity was detected for any of the samples.

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