Article
Physics, Applied
Dmitry Levko, Laxminarayan L. Raja
Summary: The self-pulsing behavior of direct-current discharges in planar and curved geometries was studied using a two-dimensional axisymmetric fluid model. The simulation results showed that the nature of self-oscillations is related to the negative differential resistance in the discharge operation, due to the non-linear and non-local dependence of the Townsend ionization coefficient on the electric field. Self-oscillations were attributed to ion transit time instability and were found not to be related to RC resonance or the relation between negative differential resistance and ballast resistance as suggested in the literature.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yoko Ikeda, Hideya Nakamura, Shuji Ohsaki, Satoru Watano
Summary: Nanoparticles as carriers for drug, gene, and macromolecule delivery in next-generation biomedical and therapeutic technologies have attracted much attention. Through the combination of applied weak electric field and ionic charge imbalance, negatively charged nanoparticles can translocate across negatively charged cell membranes, with the ionic charge imbalance contributing to both the membrane crossing and self-resealing of the cell membrane.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Qiang Chen, Junshuai Li, Qiang Chen, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
Summary: This review surveys the recent advances in understanding the formation mechanism of H2O2aq in a direct current discharge plasma operated over a liquid electrode, revealing that the recombination of dissolved OH radicals is the dominant process.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jing Li, Bingying Lei, Jing Wang, Boping Xu, Shuang Ran, Yishan Wang, Tongyi Zhang, Jie Tang, Wei Zhao, Yixiang Duan
Summary: Streamer coupling theory is traditionally inefficient in engineering diffuse plasma generation, and this paper proposes an alternative method involving expanding and quenching existing filamentary discharge for cost-efficient diffuse plasma production. Possible mechanisms are summarized.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Priya Deshwal, Mamta Yadav, Chaitanya Prasad, Shantam Sridev, Yash Ahuja, Srimanta Maity, Amita Das
Summary: In this study, the equilibrium of a cluster of charged dust particles in a two-dimensional configuration, subjected to screened Coulomb force and externally applied electric field confinement, was investigated. The particles were found to arrange themselves on discrete radial rings forming a lattice structure. In certain cases, angular rotation of particles on different rings was observed, with opposite rotation directions. The dynamics of small-sized Yukawa clusters with varying particle numbers and strengths of the confining force were characterized, and it was demonstrated that the dynamics exhibit chaotic behavior, which is significant given the numerous industrial applications of charged microparticles.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Krzysztof Greda, Pawel Pohl
Summary: A new method of optical emission spectrometry (OES) using micmplasma source was developed for the determination of Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Zn in wine, without the need for acid digestion. The study also found that red wines have higher levels of K and Mg, and different grape varieties can be distinguished based on the concentrations of K and Ca.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lei Huang, Wang Zeng, Rong Qian, Shangjun Zhuo, Zheming Gu, Anqi Liu, Jie Gao, Qiao Chen
Summary: The potential applicability of direct-current glow discharge mass spectrometry (dc-GD-MS) for depth-profiling analysis of zinc oxide (ZnO) layers on steel substrates was explored in this study. The results showed that the dc-GD-MS depth-profiling analysis of ZnO-1/steel, fabricated by magnetron sputtering, presented superior performance with a depth resolution of 0.22μm and a clear interface between the ZnO layer and steel substrate. This study provides an efficient and sensitive approach for determining the elemental concentrations and distributions of semi-conducting materials.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Kei Kiyokawa, Reiko Saito, Masato Morita, Tetsuo Sakamoto
Summary: This article investigates the impact of metal redeposition on the sputtering rate in ion sputtering and finds that redeposition significantly enhances the rate. The experimental data align with the model equation, explaining the sputtering by desorbed redeposited metal and the reduction of sublimation enthalpy by adsorbed redeposited metal. This finding provides new insights for the application of sputtering technology.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qianhan Han, Ying Guo, Yarong Zhang, Jing Zhang, Jianjun Shi
Summary: In this experimental study, a plasma plume generated by radio frequency atmospheric pressure glow discharge was enhanced in terms of length and intensity by pulsed discharge. The enhanced plume was used to improve the O/C ratio of carbon fiber.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qian Zhang, Yang Li, Hua Li, Yuhan Zhang, Lishan Zhang, Shan Zhong, Xiaohua Shu
Summary: Fe-based composites have been studied extensively for their ability to improve energy utilization efficiency in plasma-based contaminant removal. However, the slow transformation of Fe(III) to Fe(II) compromises the energy efficiency and catalytic activity. In this study, FeS2 was introduced into a glow discharge plasma reactor to enhance the removal efficiency of tylosin. The presence of FeS2 resulted in increased generation of radicals and nonradicals, which played a critical role in tylosin abatement. Additionally, the electron-donating ability of FeS2 accelerated the conversion of Fe(III) to Fe(II), further facilitating radical generation. Furthermore, FeS2 promoted acid solution self-adjustment and improved the heterogeneous Fenton reaction and adsorption of tylosin. The integration of glow discharge plasma with FeS2 offers a promising technique for organic wastewater treatment.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. Siasko, Yu B. Golubovskii, M. Balabas
Summary: The study focuses on the current flow through a glass cylindrical discharge tube with a metal section. A hydrodynamic model of a one-component conductive liquid is used to investigate the phenomenon. It is observed that the presence of a metal section causes the discharge current to branch into two components: one flowing through the gas volume and another along the approximately equipotential metal surface. The study also explores the two-dimensional distributions of electric potential, electric field, and current density based on the size of the metal section and the radius of the discharge tube. Additionally, the spatial distribution of excitation sources and the occurrence of a space charge near the glass-metal interface are analyzed.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mahboobeh Ejtemaei, Sepehr Sadighi, Mehdi Rashidzadeh, Sirous Khorram, Jan O. Back, Simon Penner, Michael F. Noisternig, Dariush Salari, Aligholi Niaei
Summary: This study investigates the surface treatment of kaolin and attapulgite/zeolite A extrudates using argon glow discharge plasma. The results show that plasma treatment increases surface area and pore volume, but decreases the weak acidic site density of the extrudates. The plasma-treated sample exhibits improved resistance to coke formation compared to the untreated one.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yao E. Kovach, Zhehui Wang, John E. Foster
Summary: A study on the emission of luminous particles from the liquid anode surface of an atmospheric pressure DC glow discharge revealed a correlation with the plasma forming patterns on the liquid electrolyte surface. Using high-speed imaging and electron microscope technologies, the characteristics and morphology of the emitted particles were analyzed, leading to the proposal of a mechanism likely driven by the Taylor cone effect.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Spectroscopy
Brian T. Molnar, Jacob T. Shelley
Summary: Plasmas have been used as ionization sources in mass spectrometry experiments since the early days of Thomson and Aston. Plasma ion sources were chosen because they were one of the few known sources of gas-phase ions at the time and were relatively easy to set up and operate. The development of plasma ionization has led to advancements in mass spectrometry and laid the foundation for ionization approaches, mass analysis, and detection methods for very large molecules.
MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena S. Dzlieva, Lev G. D'yachkov, Leontiy A. Novikov, Sergey I. Pavlov, Viktor Y. Karasev
Summary: This study investigates the dynamics of dust particles in a stratified glow discharge in inhomogeneous magnetic fields, finding that the dust structures rotate when a magnetic field is applied. The structures near the end of the solenoid are where the inhomogeneous magnetic field region starts, and the dusty structure can deform with an increase in magnetic field strength. The rotation of dusty structures in inhomogeneous magnetic fields has unique characteristics compared to rotation in uniform fields, with detailed mechanisms and velocity estimation explored.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jianfei Li, Jingfeng Yao, Chengxun Yuan, Ying Wang, Zhongxiang Zhou, Jingwen Zhang, Anatoly A. Kudryavtsev
Summary: The inverse-brush-electrodes (IBE) structure is designed to investigate the discharge mechanism driven by alternating current (ac). It increases the number of secondary electrons and reduces the breakdown voltage compared to plate electrodes. The breakdown mechanism of gas discharge driven by ac is analyzed, and the negative differential conductivity enhancement effect of the IBE structure in heavy noble gas plasmas is studied. The effect is attributed to the non-equilibrium electron energy distribution function (EEDF) caused by the generation of suprathermal electrons by the IBE structure.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. I. Saifutdinov, S. S. Sysoev, Kh. Nuriddinov, D. R. Valeeva, A. M. Saiko
Summary: Numerical calculations were conducted to study a hybrid model of the near-cathode plasma in a newly developed PLES detector for gas chromatography. The results demonstrate the formation of narrow peaks, which represent the spectra of fast electrons generated by Penning ionization from helium impurities like Ar, N-2, O-2, and CO2.
HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Zijia Chu, Jingfeng Yao, Chengxun Yuan, Zhongxiang Zhou, Anatoly Kudryavtsev, Ying Wang, Xiaoou Wang
Summary: Laboratory plasmas, as highly nonlinear mediums, can exhibit various nonlinear phenomena. Hysteresis often occurs due to the coexistence of multiple attractors in nonlinear systems. In this study, a two-dimensional plasma fluid model is developed to investigate the hysteresis phenomenon in the nonlinear dynamical behaviors of low-pressure DC glow discharge. The results show that the selected initial discharge conditions significantly influence the exhibited nonlinear dynamical behaviors of the system.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jingfeng Yao, Chai Yan, Chengxun Yuan, Eugene A. Bogdanov, Kurban Rabadanov, Zhijia Chu, Anatoly Kudryavtsev
Summary: This study presents self-consistent simulations of a glow discharge positive column in low-pressure nitrogen plasma. The electron energy distribution function (EEDF) was calculated by solving the nonlocal Boltzmann kinetic equation for electrons. The accuracy and applicability of the local and nonlocal approximations were examined. The results show that the nonlocal approximation is suitable at low nitrogen pressures, but a large intermediate region exists where the EEDF is nonlocal and requires solving the full kinetic equation. Therefore, the use of a local approximation in finding the EEDF should be carefully verified, especially at the periphery of the discharge volume where the self-consistent ambipolar field dominates.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Jianfei Li, Jingfeng Yao, Ying Wang, Zhongxiang Zhou, Anatoly. A. A. Kudryavtsev, Zhihao Lan, Chengxun Yuan
Summary: Traditional methods focus on mitigating electron densities and impurities around the antenna to alleviate plasma blackout, while metamaterial-based electromagnetic methods have yet to be proven experimentally. We simulate the plasma blackout problem using laboratory plasma supported by gas discharge technology. Topological edge states (TESs) that are insensitive to weak impurities in the transport path are verified theoretically and experimentally, providing a new approach to the blackout communication problem and serving as a nascent experimental platform to investigate topological electromagnetic phenomena.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. A. Kaleeva, B. A. Timerkaev, O. A. Petrova, A. I. Saifutdinov
Summary: This paper formulates a model of an arc discharge in argon in a two-dimensional axisymmetric formulation and presents the results of numerical calculations for studying the parameters of the arc discharge plasma during the synthesis of silicon nanostructures.
HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
B. A. Timerkaev, B. R. Shakirov, N. G. Andreeva, T. Y. Asadullin, I. G. Galeev, A. I. Saifutdinov
Summary: The synthesis possibilities of nanodiamonds and other carbon nanostructures in high-voltage nonequilibrium electric discharge in vapors of gasoline fractions of hydrocarbons have been studied. Nanodiamonds were synthesized in the cathode spot area and fullerene-containing carbon soot was formed in the peripheral area and on substrates.
HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Mohamed M. Mandour, Sergey A. Astashkevich, Anatoly A. Kudryavtsev
Summary: Photoplasma in Na-Ar mixtures in a two-chamber cell was studied to generate an electromotive force (EMF) with a wide range of buffer gas pressure. The Voigt profile of the D1 and D2 resonance lines of Na was investigated by considering radiation transfer within the framework of the Biberman-Holstein approximation. The obtained EMF was found to change its sign with buffer gas pressure variation due to the peculiarities of charge transport in the cell.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. I. Saifutdinov, S. S. Sysoev
Summary: The kinetics of fast electrons and parameters of negative-glow plasma in low-pressure glow discharge in helium were investigated numerically. It was found that the electron temperature in the negative-glow region is relatively low, around a few tenths of an electronvolt. Narrow peaks in the electron distribution function and the dependence of the differential flux on energy were observed in the numerical simulation, which is attributed to fast electrons formed in the reactions of Penning ionization. The results of the simulation were confirmed by probe diagnostics of the plasma. It was also demonstrated that the concentration of excited helium atoms in the negative-glow plasma can be determined by detecting fast electrons created as a result of Penning ionization reactions.
PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Saifutdinov, S. S. Sysoev
Summary: This study investigates the plasma parameters and kinetics of fast electrons in the negative glow region of a discharge with a microhollow cathode at high pressures using a hybrid model. The hybrid model combines a kinetic description of electrons and a fluid description of the heavy plasma component. The results of numerical calculations are compared with probe studies, and it is found that the hybrid model accurately describes the formation of electron energy distribution function peaks. The numerical calculations also allow for the prediction of negative glow plasma parameters in different gas mixtures.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jingfeng Yao, Yan Chai, Chengxun Yuan, Eugene A. Bogdanov, Anatoly A. Kudryavtsev, Zhijia Chu, Ying Wang, Zhongxiang Zhou
Summary: This study analyzes the formation of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) and phase flows of electrons in a positive column of a glow discharge in a model gas with strong vibrational excitation. It is found that the traditional local approximation for calculating the EEDF is only valid at medium gas pressures, and at lower gas pressures, the phase flow streamlines merge into a single line on the coordinate-energy phase plane. This merging is due to the combination of a strong electron sink at the vibrational excitation threshold and the deceleration of electrons in an ambipolar field.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Almaz Saifutdinov, Boris Timerkaev
Summary: In this study, a numerical analysis was conducted to compare the effect of graphite anode material evaporation on the characteristics of arc discharge in helium and argon, using a unified model for the discharge gap and electrodes. It was demonstrated that changing the plasma-forming ion led to a jump-like change in current density vs. voltage (CVC) for helium discharge, while the transition for argon discharge was smooth. The dynamics of arc discharge ignition also showed abrupt changes for helium and smooth transitions for argon, due to differences in ionization potentials and cross sections. Density distributions of charged and neutral particles for inert gas and evaporated gases were presented for various CVC points.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Saifutdinov, E. Kustova
Summary: This study uses an extended fluid-dynamic model to numerically simulate microwave discharges in nitrogen. The dynamics of discharge formation and transition from diffuse to filament form are studied, and the effect of small oxygen impurities on discharge characteristics is evaluated.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
