Article
Chemistry, Applied
Shaik Syed Hussain, Kesavarao Sykam, Ramanuj Narayan, Pratyay Basak
Summary: Si-PUTs were prepared by azide-alkyne cycloaddition, showing excellent surface hydrophobicity and anti-corrosion properties. A simple modification of aminopropyl trimethoxy silane produced a dialkyne terminated monomer, while azide-terminated urethane monomers were synthesized using azidoethanol and common diisocyanates. The successful formation of Si-PUTs was confirmed by FTIR and XPS analysis, and their performance as corrosion resistive coatings was evaluated comprehensively.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Ling Wan, Kangkang Guo, Junli Zhu, Fan Wang, Yaping Zhu, Shifeng Deng, Huimin Qi
Summary: This study utilized silicon-containing arylacetylene resins (PSAs) for their excellent thermal stability in high temperature environments, and designed new PSAs with enhanced antioxidant properties and heat resistance by incorporating the target monomer 3,6-diethynylcarbazole (DEC). The resulting silicon-containing carbazolylacetylene resins (PSA-VBC) exhibited lower initial curing temperature and excellent heat resistance, with increased oxidation decomposition temperature and decreased oxygen content in the solidified oxide, showing superior oxidation resistance.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Samet Kurt, Thomas Bratzdrum, Alexander Chaloupka, Siegfried Horn, Judith Moosburger-Will
Summary: The in-situ anionic polymerization of e-caprolactam enables the production of fiber reinforced composites using thermoplastic resin transfer molding. The simultaneous processes of polymerization and crystallization, along with their reaction kinetics, are central to the flow front propagation and solidification. By preparing reactive mixtures of e-caprolactam, activator, and initiator under an inert atmosphere, a solvent-based kinetic model was established and correlated to dielectric sensor data for real-time prediction of the total conversion.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Tiziana Bardelli, Claudia Marano, Francesco Briatico Vangosa
Summary: This study systematically investigated the crosslinking kinetics of Sylgard184 polydimethylsiloxane under isothermal and dynamic conditions. The results showed that rheological analysis was more sensitive over longer periods of time compared to thermal analysis. The gel point occurred at alpha(R) = 0.53, while alpha(C) was around 0.30 at the gel point, indicating that about 30% of the bonds involved in the crosslinking process were sufficient to create an infinite network. A modified version of Kamal's autocatalytic model was able to fit and predict the experimental findings.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Miao Huo, Mingchao Ma, Yinuo Teng, Yuhan Xiao, Yunlong Guo
Summary: This study investigates the effect of particle alignment on the physical aging process of PMMA-TiO2 nanocomposites. The alignment of TiO2 particles was controlled using an external electric field, resulting in a transition from a uniform distribution to a pillar structure. The aging behavior was measured using differential scanning calorimetry, showing that randomly distributed nanoparticles accelerate aging, while aligned nanoparticles decrease the aging rate. The study also observed a dual-relaxation mechanism in the aging process. This research highlights the significance of particle alignment and structure in the aging behavior of polymer nanocomposites, which has implications for designing materials with improved stability in applications that require slow aging.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Evgenii Komov, Alexey P. Melnikov, Alexey A. Piryazev, Alina Maryasevskaya, Artyom O. Petrov, Georgiy Malkov, Alexey Shastin, Denis Anokhin, Dimitri A. Ivanov
Summary: This work investigates the complex thermal behavior of two triazine-based azide-alkyne monomers and finds significant differences in the isothermal aging kinetics between them. By using calorimetry and X-ray diffraction, the transformations of these monomers in microcrystalline and microparticle states are studied. The Avrami parameters suggest that the polymerization process is diffusion-controlled.
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Rui Yang, Boran Hao, Lin Sun, Kan Zhang
Summary: A novel amide functionalized bis-benzoxazine was synthesized and reacted with polydimethylsiloxane to form a polymer with excellent thermal stability and low dielectric constants, showing great potential applications in electronic packing, aerospace, and other high-performance fields.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Jinkang Dou, Minghui Xu, Bojun Tan, Hongchang Mo, Xianming Lu, Bozhou Wang, Ning Liu
Summary: Nitrile N-oxide-based click ligation is a promising technique for polymer crosslinking due to its catalyst-free and byproduct-free reactions. In this study, methyl groups were introduced to enhance the stability and reactivity of phenyl nitrile N-oxides. Novel aromatic nitrile N-oxides were synthesized and used as efficient reagents for catalyst-free crosslinking of natural rubber, resulting in elastomers with good mechanical properties.
Article
Polymer Science
Nader Zirak, Mohammadali Shirinbayan, Khaled Benfriha, Michael Deligant, Abbas Tcharkhtchi
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different sub-build orientations on the thermal and mechanical properties of acrylate-based 3D printing SLA rapid-prototyping photosensitive resin during UV and thermal post-curing. Polymerization is shown to play a key role in determining the final mechanical and thermal properties.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Kepa Zulueta, Alex Arrillaga, Philipp S. Stelzer, Inaki Martinez
Summary: In this study, the cure kinetics of an epoxy-based carbon fiber SMC were characterized using DSC and MDR techniques, with results indicating that the MDR technique provides more accurate results.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Qirui Yi, Jingyu Li, Runhua Zhang, Erni Ma, Ru Liu
Summary: Small particle diameter thermally expandable microspheres were prepared with varying homogenization speed. The optimized microspheres with small particle diameters showed stable expansion properties in wood, indicating potential for wood impregnation and successful expansion.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Christine Hood, Saeed Mirzaee Ghazani, Alejandro G. Marangoni, Erica Pensini
Summary: Flexible bio-based polymeric materials were produced by combining epoxidized soybean oil, aqueous citric acid solutions, and varying amounts of epoxidized oleic acid. The stiffness of the materials increased with decreasing content of epoxidized oleic acid, as determined by tensile testing.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonas Becker, Roberto Terracciano, Gokhan Yilmaz, Richard Napier, C. Remzi Becer
Summary: Glycopolymers have potential for biomedical applications by exploiting interactions between carbohydrates and lectins. They can be used for targeted drug delivery to specific cells through their specific recognition capabilities. However, a challenge in glycopolymers research is the specificity of recognition to receptors binding to the same sugar unit. In this study, a method for producing glycopolymers with a defined tacticity based on click chemistry was presented.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gopi Talluri, D. Arvindha Babu, V. S. Hariharan, B. S. Murty, R. S. Maurya
Summary: The limitations of current design strategies for eutectic multi-principal element alloys (EMPEAs) have been investigated and addressed using Scheil solidification simulations. The proposed design approach was experimentally validated by demonstrating a eutectic in the Al-Fe-Ti-V-Zr alloy system, with Fe identified as the eutectic forming element (EFE). Vacuum-arc-melting was used to fabricate the precisely designed Fex(AlTiVZr)100-x (x = 70, 73, and 75) alloys, and the alloy with x = 73 exhibited a fully eutectic microstructure, confirming the effectiveness of the design approach.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Yuan-Ju Tang, Li-Ming Xie, Yin-Chao Yang, Wen-Ming Su
Summary: This manuscript presents a low-cost solution process for preparing multilayer phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). By in-situ polymerization of a thermally crosslinkable hole transport layer, the resulting device demonstrates excellent performance.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Lisa Ehrlich, Doris Pospiech, Upenyu L. Muza, Albena Lederer, Julia Muche, Dieter Fischer, Petra Uhlmann, Felix Tzschoeckell, Simon Muench, Martin D. Hager, Ulrich S. Schubert
Summary: This study investigates solid electrolytes based on ionic liquid polymers that offer stable ion conduction. Ionic liquid monomers are converted into linear homopolymers or polymer networks by thermally initiated radical polymerization or UV-initiated copolymerization. The materials are confirmed through NMR or Raman spectroscopy, and their ionic conductivities are measured. The results show that these materials have potential as electrolytes for solid-state batteries.
MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ekaterina Tsarenko, Ulrich S. Schubert, Ivo Nischang
Summary: Multifunctional nanoparticle formulations for medical purposes have been successfully developed, with a persistent challenge being the quantitative compositional analysis of the NPs with the polymer matrix and encapsulated drugs. In this study, PLGA NPs were formulated and their integrity and size were analyzed using DLS and SEM. Liquid chromatography on reversed-phase silica monolithic columns was used to quantitatively assess the amount of small molecule drugs and NP constituting PLGA polymer. The study demonstrates the viability of reversed-phase monolithic silica in chromatography, providing a valuable strategy for analysis of various precursor polymer systems and drug components in multifunctional drug formulations.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Katherine Gonzalez, Gauri Gangapurwala, Julien Alex, Antje Vollrath, Zoltan Cseresnyes, Christine Weber, Justyna A. Czaplewska, Stephanie Hoeppener, Carl-Magnus Svensson, Thomas Orasch, Thorsten Heinekamp, Carlos Guerrero-Sanchez, Marc Thilo Figge, Ulrich S. Schubert, Axel A. Brakhage
Summary: The study investigated whether polymeric particles (PPs) can reach Aspergillus fumigatus conidia-containing phagolysosomes in macrophages. The results showed that PPs were efficiently taken up by macrophages and co-localized with conidia in the same phagolysosomes. Fusion of phagolysosomes containing PPs with phagolysosomes containing conidia was observed. This suggests that PPs can be used as a carrier system to target intracellular pathogens.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Misgina Tilahun Tsehaye, Xian Yang, Tobias Janoschka, Martin D. Hager, Ulrich S. Schubert, Emilie Planes, Fannie Alloin, Cristina Iojoiu
Summary: Membrane development is crucial in organic redox flow batteries (ORFBs). In this study, a series of anion exchange membranes made from poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO) with different functionalization degrees, cationic moieties, and crosslinking degrees were designed. The membrane prepared from PPO and trimethylamine moiety attached via a C6-spacer showed the best overall cell performance, with high capacity retention (94% after over 100 consecutive cycles), higher peak power density (293 mW center dot cm(-2) at 16 mL center dot min(-1)), and energy efficiency (80%) compared to the commercial reference membrane FAA-3-50.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Natalie E. Goeppert, Michael Dirauf, Phil Liebing, Christine Weber, Ulrich S. Schubert
Summary: A monomer of 3-benzylmorpholine-2,5-dione is synthesized from l-phenylalanine and characterized by various techniques. A well-defined poly(ester amide) homopolymer is then synthesized using a binary catalyst system, showing high controllability of dispersities and molar masses. The resulting polyesteramides have potential as drug delivery vehicles, especially for hydrophobic drugs.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zehan Chen, He Jia, Stephanie Hoeppener, Christian Friebe, Jiande Wang, Geraldine Chanteux, Dongjiu Xie, Yan Lu, Alexandru Vlad, Ulrich S. Schubert, Jean-Francois Gohy
Summary: We develop hollow porous silicon nanospheres with a three-dimensional carbon coating and SiC transition interlayer (C@SiC@Si@SiC@C) to address the challenges faced by Si anodes. The synthesized C@SiC@Si@SiC@C anode shows high utilization of the active substance, high measured capacity (3200 mAh g-1), and stable cycling performance (0.7% per cycle decay rate at 0.2C). The superior performances are attributed to the unique structure design and the functional features of carbon coating and SiC transition interlayer.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maryam Moradi, Michael Jaeger, George R. Newkome, Ulrich S. Schubert
Summary: Plasmon-triggered modulation of fluorophores' photoluminescence brings tremendous opportunities for various applications. The distance between plasmonic components and fluorophores is crucial in plasmon-exciton coupling and the overall optical characteristics of the fluorophores. Developing novel hybrid systems with active tuning of optical properties is in high demand, and incorporating responsive materials like liquid crystals and stimuli-responsive polymers as a separating layer can achieve this.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhuo Xu, Jose Prince Madalaimuthu, Josef Bernd Slowik, Rico Meitzner, Aman Anand, Shahidul Alam, Hector Corte, Steffi Stumpf, Ulrich S. S. Schubert, Harald Hoppe
Summary: Solution-processed PBDTTT-C-T:PC71BM-based organic solar cells with a blend of organic-inorganic ETLs, including conjugated PDINO molecules and sol-gel derived TiOx, show improved performance compared to cells with a single ETL. The blend ETL reduces bimolecular recombination and trap-assisted recombination, leading to increased efficiency. The integration of compatible organic and inorganic interface materials for simultaneous enhancement of device efficiency and lifetime has potential significance for commercial development of organic solar cells.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Patrick Endres, Timo Schuett, Julian Kimmig, Stefan Zechel, Martin D. Hager, Robert Geitner, Ulrich S. Schubert
Summary: In this study, online NMR measurements are introduced as a new analytical setup for investigating the synthesis of oxymethylene dimethyl ether (OME). The setup is validated by comparing it with state-of-the-art gas chromatographic analysis. The influence of parameters such as temperature, catalyst concentration, and catalyst type on OME fuel formation based on trioxane and dimethoxymethane is investigated, with Amberlyst(TM) 15 (A15) and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TfOH) being used as catalysts. A kinetic model is applied to describe the reaction and calculate the activation energy and catalyst order.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Erik Schroeter, Christian Stolze, Jakob Meyer, Martin D. Hager, Ulrich S. Schubert
Summary: The hydrophilic polymer PTMAm was used as a redox target material in an aqueous organic redox targeting flow battery. The polymer was processed into granules with a conductive agent and an alginate binder to obtain a hydrophilic, water-insoluble redox target. The redox target was combined with the redox mediator molecule TEMPOAmide, and electrochemical characterization and flow battery testing were conducted. In addition, in-situ characterization of the redox target was performed for the first time, providing estimates of its state-of-charge changes during cycling. A figure of merit, redox targetivity, was proposed to evaluate the efficiency of the targeting reaction and guide future optimization of materials, cell designs, and operational parameters for RTFBs.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Farhad Shohraty, Julian Hniopek, Josefine Meurer, Stefan Zechel, Michael Schmitt, Juergen Popp, Martin D. Hager
Summary: In addition to thermal transitions and supramolecular interactions, shape-memory polymers can also be based on covalent bonds. This study demonstrates the use of the reversible thiol-ene reaction as a reversible cross-linker for the design of shape-memory polymers. The resulting polymers feature excellent shape-memory behavior with fixity and recovery rates above 90%.
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Aurelien Sokeng Djoumessi, Anastasia Sichwardt, Daria Miliaieva, Jan Cermak, Maximilian Schaal, Felix Otto, Stepan Stehlik, Jaroslav Kulicek, Vojtech Nadazdy, Torsten Fritz, Alexander Kromka, Bohuslav Rezek, Ulrich S. S. Schubert, Harald Hoppe
Summary: Diamond nanoparticles, also known as nanodiamonds, have attracted scientific interest due to their optical and electronic properties, nontoxicity, biocompatibility, and large surface area. The versatility of the surface chemistry of nanodiamonds allows for the attachment of various functional groups, providing a platform for adjusting their properties and functions. In this study, high-pressure high-temperature nanodiamonds were tested as charge extraction material in organic solar cells, and hydrogenated nanodiamonds were found to be effective for electron extraction.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thomas Wloka, Steffen Czich, Franziska Chalupa-Gantner, Maria Sittig, Michael Dirauf, Christine Weber, Michael Gottschaldt, Klaus Liefeith, Aleksandr Ovsianikov, Benjamin Dietzek-Ivansic, Ulrich S. Schubert
Summary: Hydrogels, widely used in biomedical applications, also show great potential in other fields such as lens fabrication and electronics. The technique of two-photon polymerization (2PP) is effective in processing hydrogels due to its high spatio-temporal resolution. This study synthesized water-soluble two-photon photo-initiators (2PIs) based on benzyli-dene cyclopentanone structures, and evaluated their efficiency and cytotoxicity for 2PP. The results showed that several 2PIs exhibited low cytotoxicity and good initiation efficiency, making them suitable for 3D structuring of hydrogels.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Julian Hniopek, Josefine Meurer, Stefan Zechel, Michael Schmitt, Martin D. Hager, Juergen Popp
Summary: Stimuli-responsive polymers can switch specific physical properties in response to a change of the environmental conditions, making them useful for applications requiring adaptive materials. A straightforward method using Raman micro-spectroscopy and 2DCOS analysis is presented to study the response behavior of reversible polymers on a molecular level with molecular sensitivity and spatial as well as temporal resolution. This label-free and non-invasive approach allows for the investigation of macroscopic properties alongside the molecular response of the polymer to external stimuli.
