Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karolina Dominiak, Wieslawa Jarmuszkiewicz
Summary: The relationship between mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial energetics in different rat tissues is dependent on the content of the reduced coenzyme Q pool. Variation in the size of the reduced Q pool in different tissues may reflect diverse levels of ROS production and antioxidant demands. The existence of tissue-specific maximum respiratory chain capacity in ROS production and a proposed new parameter RCRROS highlights the potential control of oxidative phosphorylation through membrane potential.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandre Couto E. Silva, Celeste Y. Wu, Garrett A. Clemons, Christina H. Acosta, Chuck T. Chen, HarLee E. Possoit, Cristiane T. Citadin, Reggie H. Lee, Jennifer Brown, Adam Frankel, Hung W. Lin
Summary: Studies have shown that PRMT8 plays a crucial role in regulating membrane phospholipid composition, short-term memory function, mitochondrial function, and neuroinflammation in response to hypoxic stress in brain metabolism.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shaorong Li, Hua Jin, Guangyong Sun, Chunmei Zhang, Jinsong Wang, Hufeng Xu, Dong Zhang, Songlin Wang
Summary: Nitrate intake may prevent HIRI by increasing nitric oxide levels, upregulating the NRF2 pathway, and modulating oxidative stress. This study provides a novel therapeutic compound for potentially preventing HIRI during liver transplantation or surgery.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
YongTian Liang, Chengji Piao, Christine B. Beuschel, David Toppe, Laxmikanth Kollipara, Boris Bogdanow, Marta Maglione, Janine Lutzkendorf, Jason Chun Kit See, Sheng Huang, Tim O. F. Conrad, Ulrich Kintscher, Frank Madeo, Fan Liu, Albert Sickmann, Stephan J. Sigrist
Summary: Mitochondrial function declines with age in the brain, and supplementing spermidine levels can delay this decline. The levels of hypusinated eIF5A decline with age in the Drosophila brain, but can be boosted by dietary spermidine. Attenuating eIF5A hypusination affects brain mitochondrial respiration and accelerates aging in locomotion and memory formation in adult Drosophilae, indicating it may be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic avenue for age-induced cognitive decline and neurodegeneration.
Article
Physiology
Ana Sousa, Joao L. Viana, Jaime Milheiro, Vitor M. Reis, Gregoire P. Millet
Summary: The study found that high-intensity interval training in hypoxia combined with chronic dietary nitrate supplementation did not significantly improve performance at simulated altitude compared to normoxic training. Additionally, dietary nitrate supplementation did not provide any additional benefits in enhancing endurance performance at simulated altitude.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jiaxun Zhang, Lihua Hu, Hua Zhang, Zheng-Guo He
Summary: In this study, we discovered a new mechanism of hypoxic adaptation in M. bovis driven by the second messenger molecule c-di-GMP. We found that c-di-GMP accumulates in bacterial cells under hypoxic stress, blocking the inhibitory activity of ArgR and promoting arginine synthesis and nitrite respiration. These findings provide a potential new target for blocking the life cycle of M. tuberculosis infection.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Genevieve J. DesOrmeaux, Heather L. Petrick, Henver S. Brunetta, Graham P. Holloway
Summary: The study showed that dietary nitrate can attenuate the detrimental effects of high-fat diet on liver, including lipid accumulation, mitochondrial-specific reactive oxygen species emission, and oxidative stress. These effects are independent of changes in AMP-activated protein kinase signaling, mitochondrial content/respiratory capacity, or lipid-supported respiratory sensitivity, providing potential mechanisms for the therapeutic potential of dietary nitrate.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohd Khairulanwar Bunaim, Yusof Kamisah, Mohd Noor Mohd Mustazil, Japar Sidik Fadhlullah Zuhair, Abdul Hamid Juliana, Norliza Muhammad
Summary: The study showed that C. asiatica extract has antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects in a hypertensive rat model induced by l-NAME, preventing the development of hypertension and cardiac damage. The effects were comparable to captopril.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Heather L. Petrick, Rachel M. Handy, Bayley Vachon, Sara M. Frangos, Andrew M. Holwerda, Annemarie P. Gijsen, Joan M. Senden, Luc J. C. van Loon, Graham P. Holloway
Summary: Muscle disuse decreases muscle protein synthesis rates and induces atrophy, while nitrate supplementation can improve mitochondrial function. This study found that nitrate intake could prevent the decline in mitochondrial function caused by muscle disuse, but it was not able to prevent muscle atrophy.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Zhang, Ping Zheng, Daiwen Chen, Bing Yu, Jun He, Xiangbing Mao, Jie Yu, Yuheng Luo, Junqiu Luo, Zhiqing Huang, Hui Yan
Summary: The study showed that (L)-arginine has beneficial effects on low-birth-weight piglets by enhancing antioxidant capacity and improving mitochondrial functions to alleviate intestinal dysfunction, but has no significant effects on intestinal health in normal-birth-weight piglets.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thomas Sevrin, Charlene Sirvins, Agnes David, Audrey Aguesse, Alexis Gandon, Blandine Castellano, Dominique Darmaun, Clair-Yves Boquien, Marie-Cecile Alexandre-Gouabau
Summary: The study found that supplementation of arginine during gestation and lactation can enhance milk flow and mammary lipogenesis in rat dams nursing large litters.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Heather L. Petrick, Stuart Brownell, Bayley Vachon, Henver S. Brunetta, Rachel M. Handy, Luc J. C. van Loon, Coral L. Murrant, Graham P. Holloway
Summary: This study shows that nitrate supplementation can increase force production during muscle fatigue, enhance submaximal SERCA activity, and boost mitochondrial respiration supported by SERCA-derived ADP. These effects are primarily observed in type I muscle fibers.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenjuan S. Jobgen, Guoyao Wu
Summary: The molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-obesity effect of L-arginine supplementation were investigated in diet-induced obese rats. The results showed that L-arginine treatment reduced hepatic fatty acid synthesis and increased fatty acid oxidation through the AMPK-ACC signaling pathway, leading to a reduction in white-fat mass. Increased CPT-I expression in skeletal muscle may also contribute to enhanced fatty acid oxidation in L-arginine-supplemented rats.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Miguel D. Ferrer, Xavier Capo, Clara Reynes, Magdalena Quetglas, Eduardo Salaberry, Federica Tonolo, Rafael Suau, Bartolome Mari, Josep A. Tur, Antoni Sureda, Antoni Pons
Summary: Dietary nitrate intake enhances antioxidant capacity in PBMCs, promotes upregulation of mitochondrial dynamics genes post-exercise, and attenuates pro-inflammatory response to immune stimulation in metabolic syndrome patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Michael Skwarski, Daniel R. McGowan, Elizabeth Belcher, Francesco Di Chiara, Dionisios Stavroulias, Mark McCole, Jennifer L. Derham, Kwun-Ye Chu, Eugene Teoh, Jagat Chauhan, Dawn O'Reilly, Benjamin H. L. Harris, Philip S. Macklin, Joshua A. Bull, Marcus Green, Gonzalo Rodriguez-Berriguete, Remko Prevo, Lisa K. Folkes, Leticia Campo, Petra Ferencz, Paula L. Croal, Helen Flight, Cathy Qi, Jane Holmes, James P. B. O'Connor, Fergus Gleeson, W. Gillies McKenna, Adrian L. Harris, Daniel Bulte, Francesca M. Buffa, Ruth E. Macpherson, Geoff S. Higgins
Summary: This study presents the first clinical evidence that targeting tumor mitochondrial metabolism can reduce hypoxia and produce relevant antitumor effects at the mRNA level in NSCLC. Repurposing atovaquone for this purpose may improve treatment outcomes for NSCLC patients, as demonstrated by a significant reduction in hypoxic volume and downregulation of hypoxia-regulated genes in atovaquone-treated tumors. No atovaquone-related adverse events were reported, suggesting its potential as a safe and effective treatment option for NSCLC.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Matthew J. Pavitt, Adam Lewis, Sara C. Buttery, Bernadette O. Fernandez, Monika Mikus-Lelinska, Winston A. S. Banya, Martin Feelisch, Michael Polkey, Nicholas S. Hopkinson
Summary: The study found that acute dietary nitrate supplementation significantly improved exercise performance and endothelial function in COPD patients requiring supplemental oxygen.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Madu N. Soares, Moritz Eggelbusch, Elie Naddaf, Karin H. L. Gerrits, Marike van der Schaaf, Bram van den Borst, W. Joost Wiersinga, Michele van Vugt, Peter J. M. Weijs, Andrew J. Murray, Rob C. I. Wust
Summary: Skeletal muscle-related symptoms, including weakness and exercise intolerance, are common in acute Covid-19 and PASC. Severe cases show muscle fibre atrophy, metabolic alterations, and immune cell infiltration. Contributing factors to weakness and fatigue include systemic inflammation, disuse, hypoxemia, and malnutrition. The mechanisms underlying muscle issues in PASC are more complex and may be related to direct viral infiltration or aberrant immune response. Further research is needed to understand the similarities with chronic fatigue syndrome.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
David Bargiela, Pedro P. Cunha, Pedro Velica, Iosifina P. Foskolou, Laura Barbieri, Helene Rundqvist, Randall S. Johnson
Summary: Targeting T cell metabolism, specifically vitamin B6 metabolism, can improve anti-tumor immunotherapy by affecting CD8+ T cell proliferation and effector differentiation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanno Maassen, M. Yusof Said, Anne-Roos S. Frenay, Anne Koning, Adrian Post, Ineke J. Riphagen, M. Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema, Kathrin Drabert, Bernadette O. Fernandez, Reinold O. B. Gans, Else van den Berg, Gerjan Navis, Dimitrios Tsikas, Martin Feelisch, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Harry van Goor
Summary: Impaired endogenous nitric oxide (NO) production may contribute to graft failure and premature mortality in kidney transplant recipients. This study found that lower urinary excretion of NOx was associated with a higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in kidney transplant recipients.
NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Philip J. Hennis, Andrew F. Cumpstey, Alasdair F. O'Doherty, Bernadette O. Fernandez, Edward T. Gilbert-Kawai, Kay Mitchell, Helen Moyses, Alexandra Cobb, Paula Meale, Helmut Poehnl, Monty G. Mythen, Michael P. W. Grocott, Denny Z. H. Levett, Daniel S. Martin, Martin Feelisch, Xtreme Alps Res Grp
Summary: This study investigated the effects of nitrate supplementation on exercise physiology during high altitude exposure. The results showed that exercise at high altitude reduced nitrate and nitrite levels in the blood, but nitrate supplementation reversed this phenomenon. However, it did not improve exercise efficiency. Interestingly, nitrate supplementation also decreased V?O(2)peak.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Richard B. Weller, Iain M. Macintyre, Vanessa Melville, Michael Farrugia, Martin Feelisch, David J. Webb
Summary: Latitude and season are correlated with ultraviolet radiation exposure and blood pressure. This study tested the effectiveness of low-dose daily UVA phototherapy for mild hypertension and found that it did not effectively control blood pressure but caused a transient fall.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kayleigh Griffiths, Tomoaki Ida, Masanobu Morita, Reece J. Lamb, Jordan J. Lee, Michael P. Frenneaux, Jon M. Fukuto, Takaaki Akaike, Martin Feelisch, Melanie Madhani
Summary: Earlier studies have shown that CysSSH, a sulfur-containing compound, has antioxidant and oxidant properties and can mitigate oxidative stress. However, its role in myocardial IRI was not understood. This study investigated the production and consumption of CysSSH in the heart under normoxic and hypoxic conditions and found that exogenous administration of Cys-SSS-Cys can rescue the heart from injury and improve cardiac function.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arno R. Bourgonje, Damian Kloska, Anna Grochot-Przeczek, Martin Feelisch, Antonio Cuadrado, Harry van Goor
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are closely associated with inflammation and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The variability in disease activity and response to therapy poses challenges to diagnosis and patient care. The use of redox metabolomics approaches and integration of clinical-omics can help identify disrupted redox signaling pathways and develop personalized redox medicine approaches for IBD treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amanda M. L. Rhodes, Sehrish Ali, Magdalena Minnion, Ling H. Lee, Brijil M. Joseph, Judwin Ndzo, Nicholas M. P. Clarke, Martin Feelisch, Alexander Aarvold
Summary: This study aimed to explore specific biochemical pathways in skeletal development for potential involvement in the aetiology of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Analysis of urine samples from infants revealed significant differences in the concentrations of certain chemicals, particularly higher levels of sulphate, in DDH patients compared to controls. This investigation highlights the potential of urine metabolomics and the importance of normalisation for hydration status.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Martin Feelisch, Anna D. Clark, Andrew F. Cumpstey, Jerome Santolini, Alan A. Jackson
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Iosifina P. Foskolou, Pedro P. Cunha, Elena Sanchez-Lopez, Eleanor A. Minogue, Beno P. Nicolet, Aurelie Guislain, Christian Jorgensen, Sarantos Kostidis, Nordin D. Zandhuis, Laura Barbieri, David Bargiela, Demitris Nathanael, Petros A. Tyrakis, Asis Palazon, Martin Giera, Monika C. Wolkers, Randall S. Johnson
Summary: 2-Hydroxyglutarate (2HG) is a byproduct of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, found in two enantiomeric forms. The study investigates the differential roles of these two enantiomers in CD8+ T cell biology and reveals their divergent effects on proliferation, differentiation, and T cell function. Treatment with exogenous S-2HG enhances CD8+ T cell fitness and anti-tumor activity, highlighting the importance of considering S-2HG and R-2HG as distinct regulatory factors in T cell function.
Review
Biology
Martin Feelisch, Miriam M. Cortese-Krott, Jerome Santolini, Stephen A. Wootton, Alan A. Jackson
Summary: Understanding biological stress responses is crucial for maintaining health and managing diseases. Integrating stress responses across different levels of organization provides insights into the nature and inter-relationship of complex systems. The versatile chemistry of sulfur plays a central role in stress responses.