Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ran Elkon, Reuven Agami
Summary: Basic design principles that protect enhancer networks against the harmful effects of genetic mutations have been elucidated.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alejandro Lomniczi
Summary: Variants of the melanocortin 3 receptor are linked to delayed puberty and reduced growth, suggesting that this receptor may integrate metabolic signals that impact body growth and sexual maturation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erik A. Ovrom, Karson A. Mostert, Shivani Khakhkhar, Daniel P. McKee, Padao Yang, Yeng F. Her
Summary: This narrative review provides an overview of the current understanding of the genetic and epigenetic contributions to the development of fibromyalgia (FM). While no single gene has been identified as the cause of FM, this study suggests that certain genetic polymorphisms involved in various pathways may influence susceptibility to FM and the severity of its symptoms. Additionally, epigenetic changes at the DNA level and the impact of microRNAs on protein expression are also implicated in the development and worsening of FM-associated symptoms.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maggie P. Lauria Sneideman, Victoria H. Meller
Summary: A protein that upregulates gene expression of the X chromosome has been discovered in male mosquitoes, which is crucial for equalizing gene expression between sexes in organisms with X and Y chromosomes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva Giralt-Steinhauer, Joan Jimenez-Balado, Isabel Fernandez-Perez, Lucia Rey Alvarez, Ana Rodriguez-Campello, Angel Ois, Elisa Cuadrado-Godia, Jordi Jimenez-Conde, Jaume Roquer
Summary: This review summarizes the advances in genetics and epigenetics of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), shedding light on the understanding of ICH pathophysiology and the potential for developing therapeutic strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lukasz Ustianowski, Jakub Udzik, Joanna Szostak, Anna Goracy, Klaudia Ustianowska, Andrzej Pawlik
Summary: This narrative review discusses the role of genetic and epigenetic factors in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and explores the risk factors of GDM, including obesity, advanced maternal age, and polycystic ovary syndrome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriela de Freitas Laiber Pascoal, Gabriela Machado Novaes, Monique de Paula Sobrinho, Andre Bubna Hirayama, Inar Alves Castro, Thomas Prates Ong
Summary: The study indicates that selenium supplementation during puberty/young adulthood could improve male physiology in the context of obesity, and potentially positively affect offspring health.
Review
Cell Biology
Daniel Richard, Terence D. Capellini, Brian O. Diekman
Summary: The identification of genomic loci associated with osteoarthritis (OA) provides insights into the role of genetic variation in joint catabolic processes. Epigenetic changes during different life stages can modify the risk of OA and need to be considered in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Gene expression regulation through tissue-specific enhancer activity is important for joint development and susceptibility to OA. Methylation changes and chromatin reorganization during aging can unmask the effects of genetic variants on OA progression.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xihua Lin, Hong Li
Summary: Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease with negative health effects, mainly caused by an energy imbalance. Treatment strategies should focus on biological mechanisms and reducing BMI.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Courtney P. P. Leisner, Neha Potnis, Alvaro Sanz-Saez
Summary: As sessile organisms, plants face constant challenges from a changing environment, including fluctuations in temperature, water availability, light levels, and changes in atmospheric constituents such as CO2 and O3. They also experience biotic stress from plant pathogens and herbivores. Increased atmospheric CO2 levels and climate change are impacting plant growth environments and the prevalence and virulence of plant pathogens. Closing the knowledge gap in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress is crucial for developing climate resilient crops in the future.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Noureddine Benkeblia
Summary: Aerobic respiration and oxygen consumption are indicators of routine metabolic rate, with the reduction of available O-2 leading to hypoxia and a switch to fermentative glycolysis in the absence of O-2. Research on the effects of postharvest hypoxia and anoxia treatment on fresh crops is abundant, however, less is known about tropical commodities. Omics technologies have provided valuable insights into the physiological and biochemical responses of crops to low or absence of oxygen.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Leandro M. Velez, Cassandra Van, Timothy Moore, Zhenqi Zhou, Casey Johnson, Andrea L. Hevener, Marcus M. Seldin
Summary: In this study, the genetic correlations of gene expression were investigated to understand how skeletal muscle interacts with metabolic tissues. The study found that there were little relative differences in myokine gene regulation and muscle cell composition between males and females. However, significant cross-tissue enrichments were found to operate in a sex-specific or hormone-dependent fashion, particularly with estradiol. The study also identified several sex-dependent mechanisms of myokine signaling.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Paccosi, Luca Proietti-De-Santis
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of Lewy bodies. The current treatment options are limited, and there is a need for new drugs to improve therapeutic approaches. Epigenetic alterations, specifically dysregulation of miRNAs, have shown promise in PD research. Modified exosomes, loaded with therapeutic compounds and miRNAs, may be a potential treatment strategy for PD. This review aims to explore the therapeutic potential of the exosomes/miRNAs network in PD treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giuseppe Novelli, Carmen Cassadonte, Paolo Sbraccia, Michela Biancolella
Summary: Obesity is a widespread and serious disease, affecting over 1 billion people worldwide. It is associated with a range of health conditions such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer, which contribute to preventable premature deaths. Understanding the underlying causes of obesity is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Azeez Alade, Waheed Awotoye, Azeez Butali
Summary: The etiology of non-syndromic oral clefts is complex and involves genetics, genomics, epigenetics, and stochastic factors. Various approaches have been used to understand the etiology, including linkage analysis, candidate gene association studies, genome-wide association studies, whole-genome sequencing, copy number variations, and epigenetics. This review shares the methods, genes, and loci reported in some studies.