Article
Physiology
Lindsay A. Lew, Kaitlyn R. Liu, Kyra E. Pyke
Summary: The passive leg movement-induced hyperaemia (PLM-H) shows good day-to-day reliability as an index of lower-limb microvascular function in women, with peak and Delta peak leg blood flow and vascular conductance being more reliable than area under the curve.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mara Paneroni, Evasio Pasini, Michele Vitacca, Simonetta Scalvini, Laura Comini, Anna Pedrinolla, Massimo Venturelli
Summary: The study revealed that COVID-19 infection significantly impacted blood velocity and femoral blood flow in patients, which may contribute to fatigue, changes in muscle metabolism, and increased cardiovascular risk in long COVID-19 syndrome. Further evaluation is needed to assess the impact of specific treatments such as exercise training, dietary supplements, or drugs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tatsiana Suvorava, Sara Metry, Stephanie Pick, Georg Kojda
Summary: Vascular tone regulation by nitric oxide is a crucial physiological function, with endothelial dysfunction potentially being an underlying cause of hypertension. Increasing eNOS activity reduces blood pressure, while decreasing activity has the opposite effect. These findings have important implications for pre-hypertensive treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jun -Ha Hwang, Woong Heo, Jung Il Park, Kyung Min Kim, Ho Taek Oh, Gi Don Yoo, Jeekeon Park, Somin Shin, Youjin Do, Mi Gyeong Jeong, Eun Sook Hwang, Jeong-Ho Hong
Summary: Endothelial TAZ is involved in the production of nitric oxide (NO) and inhibits damage-induced liver fibrosis. It regulates NO production by transcriptional regulation of Nos3. Loss of TAZ leads to capillarization of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and a decrease in NO concentration, accelerating liver fibrosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amir Asgari, Paul Jurasz
Summary: Megakaryocytes are important members of the hematopoietic system, responsible for regulating vascular homeostasis through platelets. The process of megakaryopoiesis generates mature megakaryocytes which release proplatelets into blood vessels. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a modulatory role in hematopoiesis and hemostasis. This review summarizes the effect of NO and its signaling on megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joel D. Trinity, Oh Sung Kwon, Ryan M. Broxterman, Jayson R. Gifford, Andrew C. Kithas, Jay R. Hydren, Catherine L. Jarrett, Katherine L. Shields, Angela Bisconti, Soung Hun Park, Jesse C. Craig, Ashley D. Nelson, David E. Morgan, Jacob E. Jessop, Amber D. Bledsoe, Russell S. Richardson
Summary: Passive Leg Movement (PLM) induces a nitric oxide (NO)-mediated increase in blood flow that is not fully inhibited by NOS inhibition. The combination of prostaglandin (PG) and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) does not collectively contribute to this non-NOS-derived NO-mediated, endothelium-dependent hyperemic response.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia Querio, Susanna Antoniotti, Federica Geddo, Renzo Levi, Maria Pia Gallo
Summary: TMAO may be involved in impairing the endothelial-dependent vasodilatory mechanism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shupeng Hu, Qiangzhong Pi, Xiudan Xu, Jianghong Yan, Yongzheng Guo, Wanying Tan, An He, Zhe Cheng, Suxin Luo, Yong Xia
Summary: This study investigates the role of eNOS in vascular dysfunction induced by sepsis. Increased phosphorylation of eNOS in early sepsis leads to decreased vasodilation, while decreased levels of eNOS in late sepsis result in diminished nitric oxide-dependent relaxation responses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shinya Yokomizo, Malte Roessing, Atsuyo Morita, Timo Kopp, Emiyu Ogawa, Wataru Katagiri, Susanne Feil, Paul L. Huang, Dmitriy N. Atochin, Satoshi Kashiwagi
Summary: This study provides evidence that NIR-II laser enhances bioavailable NO in endothelial cells, suggesting its potential use in restoring endothelial NO and treating or preventing cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soo Hee Lee, Seong-Ho Ok, Seung Hyun Ahn, Hyun-Jin Kim, Sung Il Bae, Ji-Yoon Kim, Kyeong-Eon Park, Yeran Hwang, Ju-Tae Sohn
Summary: This study found that lipid emulsion enhanced the vasoconstriction induced by dexmedetomidine by inhibiting nitric oxide synthesis, potentially through reducing dexmedetomidine concentration. Dexmedetomidine-induced nitric oxide synthesis may be caused by Src kinase-induced caveolin-1 phosphorylation leading to increased eNOS (Ser1177) phosphorylation and decreased eNOS (Thr495) phosphorylation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Fabio Giuseppe Laginestra, Thomas Favaretto, Gaia Giuriato, Camilla Martignon, Chiara Barbi, Anna Pedrinolla, Alessandro Cavicchia, Massimo Venturelli
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess whether the prior accumulation of metabolic byproducts in the muscle influences the central hemodynamic and ventilatory adjustments evoked by isolated stimulation of the mechanoreceptors in humans. The results showed that exercise-induced metabolites accumulation sensitizes the mechanoreflex-induced response in heart rate and ventilation. These responses were not influenced by biological sex.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chih-Hsien Wu, Yi-Lin Chiu, Chung-Yueh Hsieh, Guo-Shiang Tsung, Lian-Shan Wu, Cheng-Chung Cheng, Tsung-Neng Tsai
Summary: Cilostazol exerts antithrombotic and vasculoprotective effects in endothelial cells by activating KLF2 and SIRT1.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Joseph Festa, Aamir Hussain, Amon Hackney, Unmesh Desai, Tarsem S. Sahota, Harprit Singh, Mariasole Da Boit
Summary: Endothelial dysfunction (ED), secondary to reduced nitric oxide (NO) production and oxidative stress, is an early marker of atherosclerosis. Elderberry extract (EB) with high anthocyanin content has vascular protective effects and can prevent monocyte adhesion and inflammatory response. EB upregulates key markers of endothelial function and ameliorates ED, suggesting its potential use in preventing atherosclerosis progression.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Barbara Terroni, Luis Henrique Oliveira de Moraes, Aline Renata Pavan, Gerson Jhonatan Rodrigues, Jean Leandro Dos Santos
Summary: The study found that Lapdesf-4c can induce vasodilation and counteract endothelial dysfunction, showing great potential as a new drug candidate.
Article
Physiology
Michele N. N. D'Agata, Alexs A. A. Matias, Melissa A. A. Witman
Summary: The passive leg movement (PLM) technique is a non-invasive method for assessing lower-limb vascular function. PLM can be performed in children and adolescents, and data from our laboratory provides context for typical PLM-induced leg blood flow values in this population. However, previous PLM studies have primarily focused on young adults, and the effects of age and disease on PLM-induced leg blood flow responses need further investigation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Camilla Hansen, Sophie Moller, Thomas Ehlers, Kate A. Wickham, Jens Bangsbo, Lasse Gliemann, Ylva Hellsten
Summary: Aerobic training improves vascular endothelial function by enhancing mitochondria respiration, antioxidant capacity, and prostacyclin formation in isolated human microvascular endothelial cells. It also reduces endothelial glycolysis. Elevated blood pressure is associated with increased endothelial mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kate A. Wickham, Line B. Norregaard, Mikkel Oxfeldt, Stephen S. Cheung, Lasse Gliemann, Mette Hansen, Ylva Hellsten
Summary: The decline in estrogen at menopause poses challenges to cardiovascular and metabolic health, but phytoestrogens like isoflavones may have similar effects as endogenous estrogen. This study found that supplementation with fermented red clover extract reduced vascular inflammation in early post-menopausal women.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Lasse Gliemann, Andrea Tamariz-Ellemann, Camilla Collin Hansen, Thomas Svarre Ehlers, Sophie Moller, Ylva Hellsten
Summary: Contrary to the hypothesis, the study shows that Pannexin-1 does not contribute to elevated blood pressure in essential hypertension in humans, which opposes the findings in preclinical models.
Article
Sport Sciences
Sophie Moller, Camilla Collin Hansen, Thomas Svare Ehlers, Andrea Tamariz-Ellemann, Sarah A. Rogvi Tolborg, Melanie Emmonds Kurell, Jorge Perez-Gomez, Simon Schultz Patrzalek, Christine Maulitz, Ylva Hellsten, Lasse Gliemann
Summary: This study aimed to determine the mechanisms behind the reduction of blood pressure through exercise training. The results showed that the exercise training-induced lowering of arterial blood pressure in nonmedicated hypertensive men does not involve changes in the function of pannexin 1. Training, however, can enhance leg vascular conductance and improve the vasodilator response to acetylcholine.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Julian C. Bachmann, Simon J. Baumgart, Anna K. Uryga, Markus H. Bosteen, Giulia Borghetti, Michael Nyberg, Kate M. Herum
Summary: Patients with heart failure and atherosclerosis-driven coronary artery disease experience fibrotic remodeling in both the heart and atherosclerotic plaques. However, the effects of fibrosis differ in these locations. While cardiac fibrosis compromises cardiac function, fibrotic remodeling stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques. Current research is focused on drugs targeting cardiac fibrosis, taking these considerations into account. This review explores the signaling pathways activated in human cardiac fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells, highlighting the overlap and context-dependent effects on extracellular matrix remodeling.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Jennifer van der Horst, Salome Rognant, Ylva Hellsten, Christian Aalkjaer, Thomas A. Jepps
Summary: This study demonstrates that colchicine and ciliobrevin D can improve Kv7.4 channel function in arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats, thereby enhancing vasodilation mediated by beta 2-adrenoceptors.
Review
Neurosciences
Andrea Tamariz-Ellemann, Kate Aiko Wickham, Line Boel Norregaard, Lasse Gliemann, Ylva Hellsten
Summary: Although ageing affects cardiovascular health in both men and women, the decline happens at different times. The loss of estrogen during menopause leads to a rapid decline in cardiovascular health in women. Exercise can counteract the loss of estrogen and improve cardiovascular health. Starting exercise soon after menopause may be more effective.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Mark Ross, Christopher K. Kargl, Richard Ferguson, Timothy P. Gavin, Ylva Hellsten
Summary: Exercise-induced skeletal muscle angiogenesis is a physiological adaptation that leads to performance benefits and improvements in cardiovascular and skeletal tissue health. It can improve oxygen exchange and waste extraction, enhancing fatigue resistance. This process also promotes better cardiovascular and metabolic health, preventing conditions like diabetes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Stefanie L. L. Ruediger, Faith K. K. Pizzey, Jodie L. L. Koep, Jeff S. S. Coombes, Christopher D. D. Askew, Tom G. G. Bailey
Summary: The study aimed to compare peripheral and cerebrovascular function between healthy premenopausal, early postmenopausal, and late postmenopausal females, while also considering nitric oxide and estradiol levels. The main finding is that no differences in vascular and cerebrovascular function were observed between these groups, contradicting previous cross-sectional observations. Therefore, longitudinal studies are needed to assess vascular and cerebrovascular outcomes across the menopausal transition. This study is important for understanding the relationship between menopause and the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in aging females.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Thomas S. S. Ehlers, Sophie Moller, Camilla C. C. Hansen, Andrea S. S. Tamariz-Ellemann, Tyler D. D. Vermeulen, J. Kevin Shoemaker, Lasse Gliemann, Ylva Hellsten
Summary: This study showed that training can reduce sympathetic nerve activity and improve baroreflex control in both hypertensive and normotensive men, but only lowers blood pressure in hypertensive men.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Thomas S. Ehlers, Jennifer van der Horst, Sophie Moller, Peter K. Piil, Lasse Gliemann, Christian Aalkjaer, Thomas A. Jepps, Ylva Hellsten
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of colchicine on beta adrenoceptor-mediated vasodilation in humans. The results showed that acute treatment with colchicine increased vasodilation induced by beta adrenoceptor agonist and nitric oxide in humans with essential hypertension. This finding has important implications for the treatment of hypertension.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Huong Duong, Meegan Walker, Michelle Maugham-Macan
Summary: This paper reviews the safety of exercise for patients with bone metastases by comparing in-person and remote delivery of exercise intervention. The results show that both in-person and remote exercise therapy is safe and effective for patients with bone metastases.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Line Boel Norregaard, Kate Aiko Wickham, Thomas Ehlers, Marcos Paulo Rocha, Mads Fischer, Martina Lundberg H. Slingsby, Stephen S. Cheung, Phillip Adrian Evans, Jens Bangsbo, Ylva Hellsten
Summary: The study found that high-intensity exercise training initiated soon after menopause can reduce thrombotic risk in postmenopausal females, while its effects on those who have been in postmenopause for a long time remain uncertain.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Patrick J. Owen, Shelley E. Keating, Christopher D. Askew, Kelly M. Clanchy, Paul Jansons, Ralph Maddison, Andrew Maiorana, Jenna McVicar, Suzanne Robinson, Christopher Neason, Matthew J. Clarkson, Niamh L. Mundell
Summary: This study examined the effectiveness of exercise physiology services provided during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that these services improved a range of client reported outcomes regardless of delivery mode. Further exploration of cost-effectiveness is warranted.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Samantha Fien, Corey Linton, Jules S. Mitchell, Daniel P. Wadsworth, Helen Szabo, Christopher D. Askew, Mia A. Schaumberg
Summary: Community-based exercise programs for older adults in rural/regional areas have the potential to mitigate decline in functional outcomes, body composition, psychosocial outcomes, and cardiovascular health outcomes. However, there is limited understanding of the characteristics and effectiveness of these programs, with an emphasis on functional and psychosocial outcomes. More research is needed on body composition, cardiovascular health, and dietary outcomes, as well as male representation in these programs.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)