Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Inga Tjader, Maria Klaude, Ali Ait Hssain, Christelle Guillet, Inger Nennesmo, Jan Wernerman, Olav Rooyackers
Summary: There is a large variation in muscle protein synthesis rates in critically ill patients, which is not due to heterogeneity in synthesis rates or infiltrating cells. There are differences in the synthesis rates of different proteins, but these do not explain the larger variations.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lisa Van Dyck, Fabian Guiza, Inge Derese, Lies Pauwels, Michael P. Casaer, Greet Hermans, Pieter J. Wouters, Greet Van den Berghe, Ilse Vanhorebeek
Summary: This study found that critically ill patients have different DNA methylation signatures in skeletal muscle compared to healthy controls, which may provide a biological basis for the long-term persistence of weakness in ICU survivors.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sami Ullah, Michael Zoller, Ulrich Jaehde, Mikayil Huseyn-Zada, Thomas Weig, Uwe Fuhr, Usman Arshad, Johannes Zander, Max Taubert
Summary: Creatinine clearance is a crucial tool in describing drug elimination in the body, especially in critically ill patients with unstable kidney function. Using compartmental nonlinear mixed effects models can provide a more accurate description of dynamic changes in kidney function compared to traditional methods.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Matthieu Petit, Antoine Vieillard-Baron
Summary: This review article focuses on the mechanism of ventricular interdependence, which is a commonly encountered phenomenon, especially in critically ill patients. It is explained by the anatomy of the heart, with two ventricles sharing a common wall called the septum and nested in an acutely inextensible envelope known as the pericardium. In pathological situations, it results in abnormal movements of the interventricular septum driven by respiration, leading to abnormal filling of one or the other ventricle. Ventricular interdependence has several clinical applications and can explain hemodynamic impairments in various conditions.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Anne-Francoise Rousseau, Isabelle Kellens, Nadia Dardenne, Benoit Misset, Jean-Louis Croisier
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between muscle strength and functional tests in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting. The results showed that there was no strong association between muscle strength and functional tests such as the ICU-MS or Barthel Index during ICU stay.
AUSTRALIAN CRITICAL CARE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
D. Wilkinson, I. J. Gallagher, A. McNelly, D. E. Bear, N. Hart, H. E. Montgomery, A. Le Guennec, M. R. Conte, T. Francis, S. D. R. Harridge, P. J. Atherton, Z. A. Puthucheary
Summary: Intermittent feeding did not alter metabolite patterns compared to continuous feeding in critically ill patients, suggesting that further research should focus on the clinical process benefits or extended gut rest and fasting.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Michael C. Cox, Matthew Booth, Gabriela Ghita, Zhongkai Wang, Anna Gardner, Russell B. Hawkins, Dijoia B. Darden, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Lyle L. Moldawer, Frederick A. Moore, Philip A. Efron, Steven Anton, Scott C. Brakenridge
Summary: Sarcopenia is associated with acute and persistent muscle wasting in sepsis patients, leading to poor clinical outcomes and increased long-term mortality. Early detection of sarcopenia and interventions to prevent muscle loss may improve patient outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivana Cibulkova, Veronika Rehorova, Jan Hajer, Frantisek Duska
Summary: The human gut microbiota is a dynamic ecosystem consisting of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses that play a crucial role in maintaining human health. Dysbiosis, or disruption of the gut microbiota, can increase susceptibility to various diseases, leading to rapid overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria in critically ill patients. Restoring a healthy microbiota through fecal microbiota transplantation is a promising concept, especially in intensive care settings, but further research is needed to fully understand its potential benefits and safety in various clinical conditions.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Thibault Dupont, Sophie Caillat-Zucman, Veronique Fremeaux-Bacchi, Florence Morin, Etienne Lengline, Michael Darmon, Regis Peffault de Latour, Lara Zafrani, Elie Azoulay, Guillaume Dumas
Summary: A prospective study conducted in France on critically ill COVID-19 patients revealed three distinct clusters based on immunologic features, each associated with different outcomes in the ICU. The variability in immune responses suggests the need to target different mediators in different patient groups, providing a basis for individualized treatment and clinical trial eligibility.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher M. Sauer, Josep Gomez, Manuel Ruiz Botella, David R. Ziehr, William M. Oldham, Giovana Gavidia, Alejandro Rodriguez, Paul Elbers, Armand Girbes, Maria Bodi, Leo Anthony Celi
Summary: The study found that patients with normal serum lactate levels had lower mortality rates compared to those with high levels, despite similar physiologic phenotypes. Future research should confirm these findings and establish the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Aritz Perez Ruiz de Garibay, Andreas Kortgen, Julia Leonhardt, Alexander Zipprich, Michael Bauer
Summary: Organ dysfunction or overt failure is common in critically ill patients, affecting up to 70% of patients in the ICU. Acute Liver Failure is a rare and potentially reversible severe liver injury, and dysfunction of the liver plays a critical role in Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. Conventional laboratory markers are limited in understanding liver dysfunction, and inconsistent definitions of these entities result in widely ranging estimates of incidence.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Albert Figueras Castilla, Maria A. Ballesteros Vizoso, Amanda Iglesias Coma, Antonia Barcelo, Jesus A. Barea-Mendoza, Paula Argente del Castillo, Begona Guardiola, Jon Perez-Barcena, Juan A. A. Llompart-Pou
Summary: The mechanisms of thyroid dysfunction in critically ill COVID-19 patients are not clear. This prospective study aimed to explore the correlation between thyroid response and inflammatory cytokines profile in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Seventy-eight patients were included in the study, and the correlation and regression analysis were performed to investigate the relationship between continuous variables. The study found weak correlation between thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and inflammatory cytokines at ICU admission, but an inversely correlation was found between fT4 and IL-10 at day 5.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Matthew Rong Jie Tay, Poo Lee Ong, Ser Hon Puah, Shuen Loong Tham
Summary: This study investigated the acute functional outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients after discharge from the ICU, revealing that many patients were dependent ambulators upon discharge, but most regained independent ambulation. The research findings indicated that the Charlson Comorbidity Index and length of ICU stay were associated with patients' ambulation upon discharge from the ICU.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Swarna Rajagopalan, Aarti Sarwal
Summary: Critically ill patients are at high risk of acute brain injury. Bedside neuromonitoring techniques can provide early detection of neurologic deterioration before clinically manifest signs occur. Neuromonitoring provides measurable parameters of brain injury that can be used as a target for investigating therapeutic interventions, monitoring treatment responses, and testing clinical paradigms to improve clinical outcomes.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sebastian P. Chapela, Daniel Simancas-Racines, Martha Montalvan, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Alison Simancas-Racines, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Luigi Barrea, Gerardo Sarno, Pablo I. Martinez, Maria J. Reberendo, Natalia D. Llobera, Carlos A. Stella
Summary: Sarcopenia, a prevalent comorbidity in critically ill patients, is associated with higher mortality, longer mechanical ventilation, and increased likelihood of being sent to a nursing home after ICU. Hormones and cytokines play a key role in muscle metabolism and protein synthesis and breakdown, influenced by feeding states and inflammation.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thomas J. J. McClelland, Alexander J. J. Fowler, Thomas W. W. Davies, Rupert Pearse, John Prowle, Zudin Puthucheary
Summary: In this study, the effect of pioglitazone on muscle-related outcomes in adults was examined. It was found that pioglitazone therapy can increase skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and decrease intramuscular inflammation.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
Stephen D. R. Harridge
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Michaeljohn Kalakoutis, Ross D. D. Pollock, Norman R. R. Lazarus, R. Andrew Atkinson, Marc George, Onur Berber, Roger C. C. Woledge, Julien Ochala, Stephen D. R. Harridge
Summary: The specific force (SF) of human aging in single muscle fibers is inconsistent in different studies, which may result from variations in the health status/physical activity levels and methodological differences. This study compared SF in fibers from older hip fracture patients, healthy master cyclists, and healthy nontrained young adults using two different activating solutions. The results showed that the activating solution significantly affected the force and revealed a difference in sensitivity in muscle fibers of hip fracture patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Yize I. Wan, Zudin A. Puthucheary, Rupert M. Pearse, John R. Prowle
Summary: This study analyzed the differences in biomarkers between ethnic groups in COVID-19 patients and found that these differences could reflect dysregulated host responses to the disease and treatment, and be associated with excess morbidity and mortality. It highlights the importance of considering ethnic background in the interpretation of clinical biochemical monitoring and treatment response in COVID-19.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Naomi Watson, Thomas J. McClelland, Zudin Puthucheary
Summary: This article discusses the use of ketones as an alternative substrate for critically ill patients. The evidence for ketone-based nutrition in various contexts is explored, and the need for further research is emphasized.
CURRENT OPINION IN CRITICAL CARE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Brigitta Fazzini, Colin Coulter, Zudin Puthucheary, Stephen Shepherd
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rob J. J. van Gassel, Julia L. M. Bels, Katrien Tartaglia, Bas C. T. van Bussel, Sander M. J. van Kuijk, Adam M. Deane, Zudin Puthucheary, Peter J. M. Weijs, Lilian Vloet, Bert Beishuizen, Ashley De Bie Dekker, Vincent Fraipont, Stoffel Lamote, Didier Ledoux, Clarissa Scheeren, Elisabeth De Waele, Arthur R. H. van Zanten, Dieter Mesotten, Marcel C. G. van de Poll
Summary: The PRECISe trial aims to compare the effect of high protein and standard protein diets on functional recovery in ICU patients. It will assess health-related quality of life, muscle strength, physical function, and mental health as outcome measures. The goal is to determine the optimal protein provision to improve functional recovery and quality of life in ICU patients.
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Maxime Patout, Lea Razakamanantsoa, Rebecca D'Cruz, Gill Arbane, Thomas Similowski, Nicholas Hart, Patrick B. Murphy
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel Watkin, Hugh Montgomery, Ned Gilbert-Kawai
Summary: This article summarizes the 2022 European Society of Cardiology guidelines on cardiovascular assessment and management of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery, highlighting the importance of physicians' involvement in perioperative care and potential impacts of heart disease on surgical patients' risk of complications.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jaap Mandema, Hugh Montgomery, Louis Dron, Shuai Fu, Estelle Russek-Cohen, Christina Bromley, Samer Mouksassi, Amy Lalonde, Aaron Springford, Larry Tsai, Phil Ambery, Doug Mcnair, Nawab Qizilbash, Stuart Pocock, Nevine Zariffa
Summary: Rapid and robust strategies that include large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and well-designed observational real-world studies (RWS) are necessary to evaluate the efficacy and effectiveness of pharmacotherapeutic interventions in future pandemics. The results of a study analyzing the data from COVID-19 RCTs and RWS suggest that large RCTs provide more accurate conclusions about the clinical benefits of treatments, while RWS tend to yield more varied results. Therefore, in future pandemics, prioritizing large RCTs, improving the design and data matching of RWS, enhancing reporting standards, and promoting access to patient-level data are crucial for evaluating therapies.
CTS-CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michelle Chatwin, Nicholas Hart
Summary: This survey investigated diagnostic practices and clinical approaches for patients requiring home mechanical ventilation. The results showed variations in clinical practice and limited adherence to current guidelines. Further research, education, and training are needed to improve clinical confidence and practice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
F. D. Richard Hobbs, Hugh Montgomery, Francisco Padilla, Jesus Abraham Simon-Campos, Kenneth Kim, Douglas Arbetter, Kelly W. Padilla, Venkatesh Pilla Reddy, Seth Seegobin, Katie Streicher, Alison Templeton, Rolando M. Viani, Eva Johnsson, Gavin C. K. W. Koh, Mark T. Esser
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of AZD7442 on adult outpatients with COVID-19. It found that AZD7442 reduced the risk of death and hospitalization, and improved symptom severity.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Paul E. Wischmeyer, Danielle E. Bear, Mette M. Berger, Elisabeth De Waele, Jan Gunst, Stephen A. Mcclave, Carla M. Prado, Zudin Puthucheary, Emma J. Ridley, Greet Van den Berghe, Arthur R. H. van Zanten
Summary: Personalization of ICU nutrition is important for the future of critical care. Guidelines recommend low-dose enteral or parenteral nutrition within 48 hours of admission, with consideration for alternative routes when necessary. Indirect calorimetry should be used to measure energy expenditure, and protein delivery should be adjusted based on patient stability. Micronutrient evaluation and muscle monitoring are also important considerations in post-ICU nutrition. Further research is needed on specialized anabolic nutrients and rehabilitation interventions for post-ICU recovery.
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Thomas J. McClelland, Thomas Davies, Zudin Puthucheary
Summary: Muscle wasting in critical illness is a major challenge in critical care medicine, as it is resistant to physical rehabilitation and conventional nutritional strategies. Novel approaches, such as drug repurposing and identification of biological signatures, are needed to address the metabolic derangements and prevent muscle wasting.
CURRENT OPINION IN CRITICAL CARE
(2023)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Brigitta Fazzini, Tobias Maerkl, Christos Costas, Manfred Blobner, Stefan J. Schaller, John Prowle, Zudin Puthucheary, Henning Wackerhage
Summary: The aim of this study was to synthesize data on the rate of muscle loss in critically ill patients and identify the methods used to measure muscle size. The study found that critically ill patients lose nearly 2% of skeletal muscle per day during the first week of ICU admission. The overall prevalence of ICU-acquired weakness was 48%.