Article
Physiology
Emma Lee, Kathryn Vera, Ninitha Asirvatham-Jeyaraj, Daniel Chantigian, Mia Larson, Manda Keller-Ross
Summary: Estrogen was found to affect ventilation and tidal volume in females during lower-extremity exercise, but it does not impact the ventilatory responses to group III/IV afferent activation.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Joshua R. Smith, Jonathon W. Senefeld, Kathryn F. Larson, Michael J. Joyner
Summary: Exercise intolerance and exertional dyspnoea are the main symptoms of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Abnormal autonomic and cardiopulmonary responses caused by locomotor muscle group III/IV afferent feedback are one of the primary mechanisms contributing to exercise intolerance in HFrEF. HFrEF patients also have pulmonary system and respiratory muscle abnormalities that impair exercise tolerance. This review aims to describe the mechanistic consequences of locomotor muscle group III/IV afferent feedback and respiratory muscle work in HFrEF.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Macsue Jacques, Shanie Landen, Javier Alvarez Romero, Danielle Hiam, Ralf B. Schittenhelm, Iresha Hanchapola, Anup D. Shah, Sarah Voisin, Nir Eynon
Summary: Exercise has significant effects on both the epigenome and proteome in human muscle. A 12-week high-intensity interval training intervention was conducted on 16 healthy moderately trained males, and muscle biopsies were collected at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. The study found significant changes in proteins and DNA methylation levels, with some proteins consistently changed across individuals and the discovery of two novel exercise-related proteins. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the impact of exercise on the human body.
Article
Physiology
Joshua R. Smith, Michael J. Joyner, Timothy B. Curry, Barry A. Borlaug, Manda L. Keller-Ross, Erik H. Van Iterson, Thomas P. Olson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of locomotor muscle group III/IV afferent inhibition on central and peripheral hemodynamics during submaximal cycling exercise in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. The results showed that patients with heart failure responded differently to inhibition of locomotor muscle group III/IV afferents during submaximal cycling exercise compared to healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kimberly Than, Enoch Kim, Cebrina Navarro, Sarah Chu, Nikola Klier, Alyssa Occiano, Serena Ortiz, Alexandra Salazar, Steven R. Valdespino, Natanya K. Villegas, Katherine A. Wilkinson
Summary: The muscle spindle afferents are slowly adapting low threshold mechanoreceptors responsible for reporting muscle length and movement information important for motor control and proprioception. The rapidly adapting cation channel PIEZO2 is essential for muscle spindle afferent stretch sensitivity, but additional molecular elements are required for mediating the complex slowly adapting response of these afferents. Glutamate released from synaptic-like vesicles plays a crucial role in maintaining muscle spindle afferent excitability during stretch, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for normalizing their function.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Catherine M. Jankowski, Melissa P. Wilson, Samantha MaWhinney, Jane Reusch, Leslie Knaub, Sara Hull, Kristine M. Erlandson
Summary: The study found that individuals with HIV had blunted mitochondrial adaptations to exercise compared to uninfected controls, suggesting the need for different types of exercise-induced stimulation to improve mitochondrial function in this population.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amy D. Mackay, Erik D. Marchant, Makensie Louw, David M. Thomson, Chad R. Hancock
Summary: This study assessed muscle function in mice following DOX administration and found that exercise may be an effective strategy for preventing muscle fatigue caused by DOX treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mark R. Viggars, Hazel Sutherland, Christopher P. Cardozo, Jonathan C. Jarvis
Summary: Transcriptional assessments of identical nerve-stimulated resistance exercise in mice and rats reveal concordant and discordant gene regulation and pathways related to muscle growth.
Article
Sport Sciences
Megan M. Wenner, Jody L. Greaney, Evan L. Matthews, Shane Mcginty, Jasdeep Kaur, Wanpen Vongpatanasin, Paul J. Fadel
Summary: Postmenopausal women display exaggerated blood pressure and muscle sympathetic nerve activity responses during exercise compared to young women. Estradiol administration attenuates these responses.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hawley E. Kunz, Ian R. Lanza
Summary: Aging is associated with various changes in skeletal muscle, including muscle mass loss, local inflammation, and reduced response to exercise. The chronic inflammation associated with aging, known as inflammaging, may contribute to these age-related muscle impairments. Inflammation and exercise have a complex relationship, as exercise can induce acute inflammation necessary for muscle repair, while chronic inflammation in aging may hinder this response. However, exercise training has anti-inflammatory effects and can target the underlying causes of inflammaging. This review explores the interplay between inflammation and exercise in aging and discusses potential therapeutic targets for enhancing exercise responsiveness in older adults.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jordan B. Lee, Carlin Katerberg, Julian C. Bommarito, Geoffrey A. Power, Philip J. Millar
Summary: This study found that the relationship between blood pressure responses and exercise intensity is influenced by absolute force rather than relative intensity. After a period of unaccustomed eccentric exercise, knee extensor maximal voluntary contraction strength decreases, leading to an attenuated blood pressure response related to muscle metaboreflex activation.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Michel Lannoo, P. Tim Prins, Zeger Hens, Daniel Vanmaekelbergh, Christophe Delerue
Summary: By studying the absorptance spectra of nanometer-thin layers of various semiconductors, researchers have found that the optical absorptance exhibits similar characteristics to graphene, with marked plateaus at integer values of pi alpha. This quantization of absorptance is universal in semiconductor quantum wells, as long as excitonic effects are weak, and is not specific to graphene. The physical origin of this universality is explained using analytical models, which show that the absorptance is ruled by pi alpha independent of the material characteristics.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kalyn S. Specht, Shashi Kant, Adele K. Addington, Ryan P. McMillan, Matthew W. Hulver, Heather Learnard, Maura Campbell, Sarah R. Donnelly, Amada D. Caliz, Yongmei Pei, Michaella M. Reif, Jacob M. Bond, Anthony DeMarco, Branch Craige, John F. d Keaney Jr, Siobhan M. Craige
Summary: The study reveals the crucial role of Nox4 in exercise-induced skeletal muscle metabolism, influencing glucose and fatty acid oxidation through promoting immediate responses. Global Nox4 deletion resulted in decreased glucose and fatty acid oxidation post-exercise, potentially through regulation of UCP3 expression. Endothelial-Nox4 is similarly crucial for glucose and fatty acid oxidation, suggesting inter-tissue cross-talk between endothelium and skeletal muscle in response to exercise.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wesam F. Farrash, Bethan E. Phillips, Steven L. Britton, Nathan Qi, Lauren G. Koch, Daniel J. Wilkinson, Ken Smith, Philip J. Atherton
Summary: This study found that exercise training alters how myokines are secreted in response to acute exercise, but these myokines are not robustly linked to the adaptive potential in aerobic capacity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jan Spaas, Richie P. Goulding, Charly Keytsman, Lena Fonteyn, Jack van Horssen, Richard T. Jaspers, Bert O. Eijnde, Rob C. I. Wust
Summary: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have lower exercise tolerance due to reduced skeletal muscle oxidative phenotype. However, skeletal muscle mitochondria seem resistant to the effects of exercise training, suggesting that other physiological systems may be driving the improvements in exercise capacity following exercise training in MS.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Satoshi Koba, Eri Hanai, Nao Kumada, Naoya Kataoka, Kazuhiro Nakamura, Tatsuo Watanabe
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2018)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Satoshi Koba, Jihong Xing, Lawrence I. Sinoway, Jianhua Li
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2010)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hirotsugu Tsuchimochi, Jennifer L. McCord, Shawn G. Hayes, Satoshi Koba, Marc P. Kaufman
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2010)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Satoshi Koba, Shawn G. Hayes, Lawrence I. Sinoway
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2011)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Satoshi Koba, Ryosuke Watanabe, Naoko Kano, Tatsuo Watanabe
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Tatsuo Watanabe, Miho Fujihara, Eri Murakami, Michio Miyoshi, Yuki Tanaka, Satoshi Koba, Hiroto Tachibana
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2011)
Article
Physiology
Satoshi Koba, Kenshi Yoshinaga, Sayaka Fujita, Michio Miyoshi, Tatsuo Watanabe
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Neurosciences
Satoshi Koba, Ichiro Hisatome, Tatsuo Watanabe
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2014)
Article
Physiology
Satoshi Koba, Ichiro Hisatome, Tatsuo Watanabe
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Satoshi Koba, Eri Hanai, Nao Kumada, Tatsuo Watanabe
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Satoshi Koba, Nao Kumada, Emi Narai, Naoya Kataoka, Kazuhiro Nakamura, Tatsuo Watanabe
Summary: This study reveals a subcortical pathway that relays central command signals to drive locomotor activities and sympathetic cardiovascular responses. The findings provide key insights into the functional brain architecture underlying autonomic adjustments to exercise.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yuki Yoshimura, Kazuomi Nakamura, Misako Seno, Misa Mochizuki, Kenji Kawai, Satoshi Koba, Tatsuo Watanabe
Summary: c-Fos is a useful marker gene of neuron activation for neuroscience and physiology research. Although c-Fos reporter knock-in (KI) mice have been used to investigate the mechanism and function of neural networks, performing surgical procedures on specific brain regions is challenging due to the small size of the mice. In contrast, rats have been extensively used in behavioral studies. This study successfully generated c-Fos-deficient rats using CRISPR/Cas, and observed similar abnormalities as observed in c-Fos knockout (KO) mice. The findings suggest that c-Fos gene in rats is expected to have the same function as that in mice.
EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Satoshi Koba
YONAGO ACTA MEDICA
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Nao Kumada, Satoshi Koba, Eri Hanai, Tatsuo Watanabe
AUTONOMIC NEUROSCIENCE-BASIC & CLINICAL
(2017)
Article
Physiology
Satoshi Koba, Ryo Inoue, Tatsuo Watanabe
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2016)