Article
Microbiology
Keith A. Rodvold, Mark H. Gotfried, Vipul Gupta, Amanda Ek, Praveen Srivastava, Angela Talley, Jon Bruss
Summary: This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics and distribution of TBP-PI-HBr in healthy adults, and found that Tebipenem can effectively distribute into the lungs, supporting further evaluation for the treatment of lower respiratory tract bacterial infections.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anni Chen, Jianbo Zhu, Lei Zhu, Yunyi Tang, Yun Li, Qi Zhang, Yeping Zhao, Caiye Ma, Xiatian Liu
Summary: This study aimed to clarify the incidence and characteristics of pulmonary right-to-left shunt (P-RLS) using contrast transesophageal echocardiography (c-TEE) and contrast transthoracic echocardiography (c-TTE). The results showed that the incidence of P-RLS was significantly higher under c-TEE than under c-TTE in patients with and without patent foramen ovale (PFO). The study emphasizes the importance of differentiating P-RLS and PFO-RLS.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Yan Bai, Guang Li, Laiming Yung, Paul B. B. Yu, Xingbin Ai
Summary: This study utilized a novel method to evaluate the functional properties of pulmonary arteries in mice and found that there are structural and functional differences between proximal and distal intrapulmonary arteries, which may contribute to region-specific regulation of vascular reactivity. Additionally, in a mouse model of pulmonary arterial hypertension, the proximal arteries exhibited hypercontraction while the distal arteries showed reduced vasoconstriction despite vascular wall thickening. These findings highlight the region-specific mechanisms underlying pulmonary vascular diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Baha Naci, Rengin Demir, Omer O. Onder, Umit Yasar Sinan, Mehmet Serdar Kucukoglu
Summary: Limited research exists on nonpharmacologic management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), with exercise training being a common intervention. This study aimed to investigate the effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) alone and in combination with respiratory training on patients with PAH. Results showed that combining respiratory training with OMT led to greater improvements in FeNO levels and cardiopulmonary function compared to OMT alone, suggesting OMT could be a beneficial and safe intervention for PAH patients who cannot attend cardiac rehabilitation programs.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Charalampos Pierrakos, David De Bels, Thomas Nguyen, Dimitrios Velissaris, Rachid Attou, Jacques Devriendt, Patrick M. Honore, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Daniel De Backer
Summary: In this study, fluid bolus was found to decrease abnormal levels of venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide tension independently of pre-infusion cardiac index. Patients with lower baseline PvaCO2 values are unlikely to have a positive response to fluid bolus.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Amy Fuller, Nduka Okwose, Jadine Scragg, Christopher Eggett, Peter Luke, Alykhan Bandali, Radmila Velicki, Laura Greaves, Guy A. MacGowan, Djordje G. Jakovljevic
Summary: This prospective observational study divided participants into two groups based on age, younger and older. The results showed that the older group had significantly lower peak oxygen consumption compared to the younger group, but there were no significant differences in peak exercise cardiac output and cardiac index between the two age groups. Despite having a lower peak heart rate, older participants demonstrated higher stroke volume and stroke volume index compared to the younger group.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Jinjin Wu, Yi Lu, Wenzhuo Zhao, Jie Shen, Fen Li, Hao Zhang, Qimin Chen, Lijun Fu
Summary: CPSS may be a more likely cause of unexplained PAH in pediatric patients than previously thought. Timely surgical intervention or liver transplantation can prevent the progression of PAH, or even improve it for the majority of CPSS patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Geoffrey Van den Bergh, Sofie De Moudt, Astrid Van den Branden, Ellen Neven, Hanne Leysen, Stuart Maudsley, Guido R. Y. De Meyer, Patrick D'Haese, Anja Verhulst
Summary: Arterial media calcification is primarily regulated by vascular smooth muscle cells, while there is little evidence for the involvement of endothelial cells. This study used ex vivo organ bath set-up and quantitative proteomics to investigate the cellular functioning and molecular pathways underlying AMC development. The results suggest that reduced endothelial function, along with classic pro-calcifying stimuli, may play a role in initiating arterial calcification.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Franz P. Rischard, Roberto J. Bernardo, Rebecca R. Vanderpool, Deborah H. Kwon, Tushar Acharya, Margaret M. Park, Austin Katrynuik, Michael Insel, Saad Kubba, Roberto Badagliacca, A. Brett Larive, Robert Naeije, Joe G. N. Garcia, Gerald J. Beck, Serpil C. Erzurum, Robert P. Frantz, Paul M. Hassoun, Anna R. Hemnes, Nicholas S. Hill, Evelyn M. Horn, Jane A. Leopold, Erika B. Rosenzweig, W. H. Wilson Tang, Jennifer D. Wilcox
Summary: The aim of this study is to assess the clinical relevance of a proposed definition for RV functional recovery (RVFnRec). A decrease in RV end-diastolic volume of -15 mL and an increase in compliance had the best predictive value for RVFnRec. RVFnRec is associated with improvements in exercise capacity and clinical worsening.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hong-Da Zhang, Yi Yan, Yang-Yang He, Qian-Qian Liu, Fu-Hua Peng, Xin-Xin Yan, Zhi-Yan Han
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of exercise intolerance in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD), and found that exercise capacity was severely reduced in these patients. Among the different subgroups of PAH-CHD, patients with Eisenmenger syndrome had the worst exercise capacity and ventilatory efficiency, while patients with PAH associated with systemic-to-pulmonary shunts had the best exercise capacity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gianmarco Secco, Francesco Salinaro, Carlo Bellazzi, Marco La Salvia, Marzia Delorenzo, Caterina Zattera, Bruno Barcella, Flavia Resta, Giulia Vezzoni, Marco Bonzano, Giovanni Cappa, Raffaele Bruno, Ivo Casagranda, Stefano Perlini
Summary: In this study, the relationship between AaDO(2) and P/F as well as LUS score was observed to be significant, with AaDO(2) > 39.4 showing high sensitivity and specificity in predicting subsequent oxygen support. The results suggest that AaDO(2) and LUS can be effective tools for risk stratification in COVID-19 patients, especially when traditional indicators are not indicative of severe lung dysfunction.
Article
Sport Sciences
J. O. R. E. N. BUEKERS, P. A. T. R. I. C. K. DE BOEVER, J. A. N. THEUNIS, S. A. R. A. H. HOUBEN-WILKE, A. N. O. U. K. W. VAES, F. R. I. T. S. M. E. FRANSSEN, E. M. I. E. L. F. M. WOUTERS, S. A. M. I. O. SIMONS, JEAN-MARIE AERTS, M. A. R. T. I. J. N. A. SPRUIT
Summary: The effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on physiological exercise responses in COPD patients vary between responders and nonresponders. Responders showed significant improvements in endurance time and breathing patterns after PR, while nonresponders did not exhibit similar improvements. These physiological changes are associated with the variable improvements in physical performance seen in COPD patients after PR.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Juan Liu, Yongjin Xiang, Yiwen Chen, Hongjun Zhang, Bangjiao Ye, Lu Ren, Wenfeng Tan, Andreas Kappler, Jingtao Hou
Summary: This study synthesized hematite samples with tunable oxygen vacancy defect (OVD) concentrations and investigated their effects on arsenate adsorption. The results revealed that oxygen vacancy was the primary defect type on the hematite surface. Quantitative relationships between OVD concentration and enhanced arsenate adsorption were established. NH3-DRIFT analysis and DFT calculations demonstrated the beneficial role of OVDs in improving adsorption strength and promoting arsenate immobilization.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ahmad Al Aiyan, Preetha Menon, Adnan AlDarwich, Moneeb Qablan, Maha Hammoud, Turke Shawaf, Ken Richardson
Summary: The study investigated the arterial blood supply to the brain in dromedary camels, particularly focusing on the vertebrobasilar system. The research used anatomical dissection, casting techniques, and transcranial color doppler ultrasonography to determine the distribution and flow direction of blood within the vertebral and basilar arteries. The findings showed that the vertebrobasilar system contributes 34% of the blood supply to the brain in dromedary camels, predominantly supplying the medulla oblongata, pons, and cerebellum.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Huachao Huang, Yinshan Fang, Ming Jiang, Yihan Zhang, Jana Biermann, Johannes C. Melms, Jennifer A. Danielsson, Ying Yang, Li Qiang, Jia Liu, Yiwu Zhou, Manli Wang, Zhihong Hu, Timothy C. Wang, Anjali Saqi, Jie Sun, Ichiro Matsumoto, Wellington Cardoso, Charles W. Emala, Jian Zhu, Benjamin Izar, Hongmei Mou, Jianwen Que
Summary: Viral infection can lead to the appearance of ectopic basal cells (EBCs) and tuft cells in the lungs, but their roles in alveolar regeneration remain controversial. This study confirms that tuft cells originate from EBCs in mouse models and COVID-19 lungs. The differentiation of tuft cells is promoted by Wnt inhibition and suppressed by Notch inhibition. While tuft cells have been suggested to have progenitor functions in other organs, pulmonary tuft cells do not proliferate or give rise to other cell lineages.