Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ejaz Ahmed, Durga Prasad Karothu, Ahmed Slimani, Jad Mahmoud Halabi, Ibrahim Tahir, Kevin Quiros Canales, Pance Naumov
Summary: This study reports the remarkably rapid lattice switching of molecular martensitic materials, which exceeds other phase transitions by several orders of magnitude. These materials have the advantages of rapid response and lightweight, making them prospective substitutes for ultrafast and clean energy transduction.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Qi Qian, Zhong Wan, Hiroyuki Takenaka, Jong K. Keum, Tyler J. Smart, Laiyuan Wang, Peiqi Wang, Jingyuan Zhou, Huaying Ren, Dong Xu, Yu Huang, Yuan Ping, Xiangfeng Duan
Summary: A van der Waals contact approach is used to observe photocarrier-induced persistent structural polarization in lead halide perovskites. The study reveals the presence of persistent photoconductance and local ferroelectricity in thin-film single-crystal CsPbBr3 at low temperatures. Theoretical investigations highlight the role of photocarrier-phonon coupling and large polaron formation in driving the local relaxor ferroelectric phase transition.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ricardo Herrera Romero, Miguel Angel Bastarrachea-Magnani, Roman Linares
Summary: By studying the quantum phase diagram and quantum critical phenomena in a generalized Dicke model, we have discovered a rich phase diagram and transitions, as well as a correspondence between qubit interactions and non-resonant terms in the light-matter coupling.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Mikhail Vasin, Vladimir Ankudinov
Summary: A theoretical model was proposed to describe the kinetics of competing phase formation and evolution, with numerical studies showing key properties relevant to experiments on metal amorphization. It was found that fast cooling leads to the favored selection of a disordered phase, followed by aging and continuous transition to a solid ordered phase. Further cooling leads to spinodal decomposition, with phase mobility playing a significant role in defect migration dynamics.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Alejandro Cabo Montes de Oca, Duvier Suarez Fontanella, David Valls-Gabaud
Summary: Gravastars are configurations of compact singularity-free gravitational objects that can give rise to dynamical solutions through the interaction of a scalar field with matter. The scalar field plays a role similar to a cosmological constant in the internal zone, decaying with distance as a Yukawa potential. These solutions predict a stronger scattering of accreting matter compared to Schwarzschild black holes.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yiding Zhong, Wei Tang, Chao Zhang, Zhongdong Jiao, Dongming Wu, Weiting Liu, Huayong Yang, Jun Zou
Summary: Soft robots have unique advantages, but the development of multifunctional, programmable, and high-performance soft actuators remains challenging. This study introduces a class of programmable thermochromic soft actuators that can deform greatly and change colors through liquid-vapor phase transitions and reversible reactions. These actuators can respond to multiple stimuli and have broad applications in wearable devices.
Article
Optics
Mohamed El Ketara, Hirokazu Kobayashi, Etienne Brasselet
Summary: This study reveals vectorial optomechanical effects mediated by the material anisotropy and the longitudinal field component inherent to real-world beams. Experimental verification on an elastic anisotropic medium prone to exhibit a sensitive and reversible effect, a nematic liquid crystal, demonstrates a feasible alternative approach to limit irreversible damaging methods.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Pierfrancesco Urbani
Summary: We introduce a finite dimensional anharmonic soft spin glass in a field and show how it allows the construction a field theory at zero temperature and the corresponding loop expansion. The mean field level of the model coincides with a recently introduced fully connected model, and it has a spin glass transition in a field at zero temperature. We analyze the zero temperature limit of the theory and the behavior of the bare masses and couplings. Furthermore, we develop the field theory to study the density of states of the model in finite dimension.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
T. Lanigan-Atkins, X. He, M. J. Krogstad, D. M. Pajerowski, D. L. Abernathy, Guangyong N. M. N. Xu, Zhijun Xu, D. -Y. Chung, M. G. Kanatzidis, S. Rosenkranz, R. Osborn, O. Delaire
Summary: Neutron and X-ray scattering measurements provide insights into the anharmonic behavior of lead halide perovskites, revealing that rotations of PbBr6 octahedra in CsPbBr3 crystals occur in a correlated fashion along two-dimensional planes.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shengxiang Cai, Francois-Marie Allioux, Jianbo Tang, Jialuo Han, Jin Zhang, Yilin He, Salina Merhebi, Michael J. Christoe, Mohannad Mayyas, Edgar H. H. Wong, Cyrille Boyer, Raymond Neff, Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh
Summary: In this study, polyurethane-based sponges with gallium microdroplets embedded inside were developed, resulting in conductive sponges. These sponges exhibit excellent elastic recovery and conductivity durability, with a remarkable reversible change in resistivity range.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ingrid Membrillo Solis, Tetiana Orlova, Karolina Bednarska, Piotr Lesiak, Tomasz R. Wolinski, Giampaolo D'Alessandro, Jacek Brodzki, Malgosia Kaczmarek
Summary: Topological data analysis is a crucial method for quantifying the structural and morphological features of soft materials. By introducing structural heterogeneity as a measure of non-equilibrium mesoscopic order, we can track the time-evolution of liquid crystal phase transitions and detect the order-disorder transition at the microscopic scale.
COMMUNICATIONS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Yoav Tsori
Summary: The study focuses on the wetting behavior of a pure fluid in contact with a charged flat surface, where wall and ions play a role in enhancing dielectrophoretic and electrophoretic forces. Analytical and numerical calculations of fluid profiles and energy integrals were carried out, leading to the determination of the critical surface potential for prewetting. The research findings are relevant to understanding droplet nucleation around charged particles in the atmosphere and potential deviations from expected nucleation rates.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Changsheng Chen, Xianren Zhang, Masao Doi
Summary: One permanent characteristic of small systems' thermodynamics is their dependence on the environment or ensemble. In this study, the gas-liquid transition in soft nano-confinement is discussed, with a focus on the change in phase behavior under different confinement conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Haiqin Wang, Tiezheng Qian, Xinpeng Xu
Summary: Onsager's variational principle is a powerful tool for formulating thermodynamically consistent models and finding approximate solutions, especially in the study of soft matter dynamics. By extending OVP to active matter dynamics, analyzing the directional motion of active units, and formulating diffuse-interface models, it provides a general approach to better understand the emergent behaviors of individual animal cells and cell aggregates or tissues.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Andre Maia, Christelle Kadlec, Maxim Savinov, Rui Vilarinho, Joaquim Agostinho Moreira, Viktor Bovtun, Martin Kempa, Martin Misek, Jiri Kastil, Andriy Prokhorov, Jan Manak, Alexei A. Belik, Stanislav Kamba
Summary: Type-II multiferroics show large magnetoelectric coupling and are promising for new device functionalities. We report a new multiferroic material, BiMn3Cr4O12, where an antiferromagnetic phase is induced by the structural change at the ferroelectric phase transition. Thermodynamic, dielectric, and pyroelectric studies reveal that the ferroelectric critical temperature corresponds to the Ne'el temperature of the Cr3+ spins, and an increase in ferroelectric polarization is observed below the Ne'el temperature of the Mn3+ spins.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yusuke Yasutomi, Asako Chiba, Keiichi Haga, Goh Murayama, Ayako Makiyama, Taiga Kuga, Mamoru Watanabe, Ryuichi Okamoto, Akihito Nagahara, Takashi Nagaishi, Sachiko Miyake
Summary: This study reveals that MAIT cells play a pathogenic role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), and suppressing the activation of MAIT cells may reduce the severity of inflammatory bowel diseases.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroki Matsuda, Yoichi Nibe-Shirakihara, Akiko Tamura, Emi Aonuma, Satoko Arakawa, Kana Otsubo, Yasuhiro Nemoto, Takashi Nagaishi, Kiichiro Tsuchiya, Shigeomi Shimizu, Averil Ma, Mamoru Watanabe, Motohiro Uo, Ryuichi Okamoto, Shigeru Oshima
Summary: Crohn's disease is an inflammatory disease of the gut caused by a complex interplay among genetic, microbial, and environmental factors. The ingestion of nickel particles may worsen Crohn's disease by perturbing autophagic processes in the intestine.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yuka Hayakawa, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Masayuki Kurosaki, Yutaka Yasui, Shun Kaneko, Yuki Tanaka, Shun Ishido, Kento Inada, Sakura Kirino, Koji Yamashita, Tsubasa Nobusawa, Hiroaki Matsumoto, Tatsuya Kakegawa, Mayu Higuchi, Kenta Takaura, Shohei Tanaka, Chiaki Maeyashiki, Nobuharu Tamaki, Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Jun Itakura, Yuka Takahashi, Yasuhiro Asahina, Ryuichi Okamoto, Namiki Izumi
Summary: The study examined the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma based on different treatment lines, showing better clinical outcomes in 1st-line therapy. An early AFP response at 6 weeks could serve as a predictor of disease progression.
INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUGS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sakura Kirino, Nobuharu Tamaki, Masayuki Kurosaki, Shun Kaneko, Kento Inada, Yuki Tanaka, Shun Ishido, Koji Yamashita, Tsubasa Nobusawa, Hiroaki Matsumoto, Yuka Hayakawa, Tatsuya Kakegawa, Mayu Higuchi, Kenta Takaura, Shohei Tanaka, Chiaki Maeyashiki, Yutaka Yasui, Yuka Takahashi, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Ryuichi Okamoto, Namiki Izumi
Summary: The aim of this study was to establish a target value of ALT level during NA treatment as a risk marker for HCC. The results showed that patients with ALT <21 IU/L at 1 year after NA initiation had a lower risk of HCC.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eiko Saito, Kazuo Ohtsuka, Ami Kawamoto, Toshimitsu Fujii, Kento Takenaka, Shuji Hibiya, Hiromichi Shimizu, Masakazu Nagahori, Shohei Tomii, Ryuichi Okamoto
Summary: A 50-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and diarrhea persisting for 8 months, after being treated for myocarditis with ulceration in the gastrointestinal tract. Biopsy confirmed CMV gastrocolitis and antiviral therapy was given. Improvement was observed after discontinuation of eplerenone.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kento Takenaka, Yoshio Kitazume, Ami Kawamoto, Toshimitsu Fujii, Yumi Udagawa, Ryosuke Wanatabe, Hiromichi Shimizu, Shuji Hibiya, Masakazu Nagahori, Kazuo Ohtsuka, Hiroyuki Sato, Akihiro Hirakawa, Mamoru Watanabe, Ryuichi Okamoto
Summary: This study investigates the use of LRG as a biomarker for evaluating transmural activity in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The results show a positive correlation between LRG levels and MRE scores, indicating that LRG is a highly accurate biomarker for detecting transmural activity in CD patients. Furthermore, high LRG levels are associated with increased risks of CD-related hospitalization, surgery, and clinical relapse.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ryuichi Okamoto, Tomohiro Mizutani, Hiromichi Shimizu
Summary: This article discusses the importance of mucosal healing in patients with IBD and introduces current factor-based or cell-based treatment options. It also explores the future prospects of regenerative medicine in the treatment of IBD.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shun Kaneko, Yasuhiro Asahina, Mina Nakagawa, Miyako Murakawa, Yasunari Miyazaki, Takahiro Asakage, Shohei Fukuda, Takeshi Namiki, Yoshihito Kano, Masashi Nagata, Jun Tsuchiya, Masato Miyoshi, Fukiko Kitahata-Kawai, Sayuri Nitta, Yasuhiro Itsui, Sei Kakinuma, Ryuichi Okamoto
Summary: This study aimed to identify factors associated with immune-related liver injury (irLI) and investigate its impact on overall survival (OS) in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The results showed that treatment with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 agents and baseline grade 1 aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase elevation were independent predictive factors for grade >= 2 irLI. Treatment with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 was the only independent predictive factor for grade >= 3 irLI. Patients who experienced any immune-related adverse events (irAEs) had a significantly longer median OS, and those with grade >= 2 irLI also had a significantly longer median OS. However, there was no significant difference in median OS between patients with grade >= 3 irLI and others.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kento Takenaka, Ami Kawamoto, Yoshio Kitazume, Toshimitsu Fujii, Yumi Udagawa, Hiromichi Shimizu, Shuji Hibiya, Masakazu Nagahori, Kazuo Ohtsuka, Mamoru Watanabe, Ryuichi Okamoto
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between serum concentrations of biologics and transmural healing in patients with Crohn's disease. The results showed that patients who achieved transmural healing had a lower risk of hospitalization and surgery. Additionally, the concentration levels of drugs were found to be related to transmural healing.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mina Nakagawa, Yasuhiro Asahina, Sei Kakinuma, Ryuichi Okamoto
Summary: Hepatitis C virus infection causes chronic liver inflammation and fibrogenesis, resulting in severe liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma. The presence of the virus in non-hepatic tissues can also lead to pathogenic impacts on extrahepatic systems and organs. These extrahepatic manifestations have significant effects on morbidity, mortality, and quality of life.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Taisei Keitoku, Nobuharu Tamaki, Masayuki Kurosaki, Kento Inada, Sakura Kirino, Naoki Uchihara, Keito Suzuki, Yuki Tanaka, Haruka Miyamoto, Shun Ishido, Michiko Yamada, Tsubasa Nobusawa, Hiroaki Matsumoto, Mayu Higuchi, Kenta Takaura, Shohei Tanaka, Chiaki Maeyashiki, Shun Kaneko, Yutaka Yasui, Yuka Takahashi, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Yasuhiro Asahina, Ryuichi Okamoto, Namiki Izumi
Summary: The significance of fatty liver in patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving nucleic acid analog therapy remains unclear. This study aimed to determine if fatty liver affects the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients receiving NA therapy. The results showed that fatty liver was not a significant factor for HCC development in these patients, while advanced fibrosis was found to be an important risk factor.
JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shun Ishido, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Yoshihito Kano, Yutaka Yasui, Kenta Takaura, Naoki Uchihara, Keito Suzuki, Yuki Tanaka, Haruka Miyamoto, Michiko Yamada, Hiroaki Matsumoto, Tsubasa Nobusawa, Taisei Keitoku, Shohei Tanaka, Chiaki Maeyashiki, Nobuharu Tamaki, Yuka Takahashi, Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Urara Sakurai, Yasuhiro Asahina, Ryuichi Okamoto, Masayuki Kurosaki, Namiki Izumi
Summary: The clinical usefulness of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who received multiple systemic therapies is investigated in this study. Gene alterations were detected in all nine patients, with seven being eligible for clinical trials based on CGP results. The median number of alterations per patient was four, and blood samples were used in patients with extrahepatic metastasis. These findings provide genomic information of patients with multiple systemic therapies and highlight the utility of blood samples in patients with extrahepatic metastasis. Furthermore, the study suggests that understanding the genomic status in patients treated with multiple molecular-targeted agents could lead to the development of newer systemic agents for HCC treatment.
Article
Physics, Applied
Takeya Unuma, Kosuke Ueda, Ryuichi Okamoto
Summary: We investigate how the initial energy distribution of electrons in a biased semiconductor superlattice, created by femtosecond pump pulses, affects terahertz Bloch oscillations. The emitted terahertz waveforms are well reproduced from a damped oscillation current with capacitive nature. In-plane excess energy changes the relaxation time via scattering processes, while partial use of the pump pulse spectrum reduces the temporal resolution.
APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Satoshi Watanabe, Nobuhiko Ogasawara, Sakurako Kobayashi, Sakura Kirino, Masami Inoue, Yui Hiraguri, Sayaka Nagata, Hiromichi Shimizu, Go Ito, Tomohiro Mizutani, Yasuhiro Nemoto, Kiichiro Tsuchiya, Ryuichi Okamoto, Mamoru Watanabe, Shiro Yui
Summary: This study focused on the role of sulfomucin in ulcerative colitis (UC) and found that sulfomucin production decreased in the inflammatory region of UC and increased in the distal colon and cecum of mice. Through organoids transplantation, sulfomucin secretion was restored in severely injured distal colon. This study provides a basis for the advancement of organoids transplantation therapy for refractory UC.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mina Nakagawa, Yasuhiro Asahina, Sei Kakinuma, Ryuichi Okamoto
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)