Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ryo Izumi, Masato Miyazaki, Yan Jun Li, Yasuhiro Sugawara
Summary: The recently proposed high-low Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) allows for the evaluation of semiconductor interface states with high spatial resolution using high and low AC bias frequencies. This is important for assessing the energy spectrum of interface state density in semiconductor devices. In this study, a method called high-low Kelvin probe force spectroscopy (high-low KPFS) is proposed, which measures the interface state density inside semiconductors using high and low-frequency AC bias voltages. Preliminary experiments on ion-implanted silicon surfaces confirmed the dependence of electrostatic force on AC bias voltage frequency and obtained the interface state density.
BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
E. I. Rau, A. A. Tatarintsev
Summary: This paper briefly notes the drawbacks and contradictions of existing models for charging dielectric targets under irradiation. By reconsidering some postulates, the authors show that the equilibrium state of charging dielectrics is determined not only by the electron emission coefficient, but also by a critical value of the field near the surface of the target. The authors also highlight the significant influence of radiation-induced defects on the charging kinetics.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Shubo Li, Chengxun Yuan, Iya P. Kurlyandskaya, V. Demidov, M. E. Koepke, Jingfeng Yao, Zhongxiang Zhou
Summary: A single magnetically insulated baffled probe (MIBP) was used to study oscillations in a magnetized plasma. The study showed that the single MIBP can provide useful information about oscillation amplitudes, cross-coherency, and cross-phase. It also explained how to determine the maximum and minimum possible values of electron temperature fluctuations for cases with two types of oscillations.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Yahui Cai, Dan Wang, Kangcheng Qi, Yongning He
Summary: This study proposes a novel method for measuring the TEEY of insulators based on self-terminating charge neutralization. The method uses two neutralization electron guns to neutralize positive and negative charges, and the accuracy and stability of the method are validated.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jinyang Zhang, Shiquan Lin, Mingli Zheng, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: This study developed a self-powered droplet triboelectric nanogenerator to measure the charge transfer process between liquid and solid interfaces, showing that electrons are the dominant charge-transfer species and sensitivity is high to the ratio of solvents in the mixed organic solution. The results provide a foundation for chemical sensing applications based on the self-powered droplet triboelectric nanogenerator.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Antonio M. Mantica, Michael J. Detisch, T. John Balk
Summary: Characterizing the work function of emitting surfaces is an important aspect of thermionic emission research. Materials with lower work functions can thermionically emit higher current densities at lower temperatures, leading to longer lifetimes for vacuum electron devices utilizing thermionic emitters. The Kelvin probe system is commonly used to measure a material's work function by measuring contact potential difference. However, the traditional application of this technique fails to produce meaningful results when the sample under inspection and the Kelvin probe are in thermal disequilibrium. This paper outlines a modified application of the Kelvin probe system that allows for meaningful measurements of asymmetric contact potential difference, enabling the determination of work function values for high temperature samples, including those relevant to thermionic emitters (>1000 degrees C).
Article
Physics, Applied
Kakeru Ujimoto, Hiroki Sameshima, Kentaro Toyoki, Yoshinori Kotani, Takahiro Moriyama, Kohji Nakamura, Ryoichi Nakatani, Yu Shiratsuchi
Summary: In this paper, we studied the magnetic response of boundary magnetization in the Pt/magnetoelectric Cr2O3/Pt epitaxial trilayer using AHE and XMCD. We found that the film exhibited magnetic responsiveness when the Cr2O3 thickness was reduced to 15 nm, manifested as rectangular hysteresis in AHE's magnetic field dependence. XMCD intensity and its rectangular magnetic field dependence confirmed that the magnetic response was attributed to the interfacial Cr moment. Further investigation revealed that the reversal process of boundary magnetization was dominated by domain wall motion, directly visualized by scanning XMCD microscope.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ryan Selhorst, Zhuohang Yu, David Moore, Jie Jiang, Michael A. Susner, Nicholas R. Glavin, Ruth Pachter, Mauricio Terrones, Benji Maruyama, Rahul Rao
Summary: Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) are important materials with a diverse range of optoelectronic properties. This study investigates the spatial tailoring of TMDs through electron-beam patterning, achieving high resolution and demonstrating potential for nanoscale functionalization. The modulated properties were found to be dependent on various parameters, and the results were confirmed through spectroscopic analysis and density functional theory modeling. This research provides a robust method for property modulation and functionalization of TMDs at the nanoscale.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sayanti Samaddar, Jeff Strasdas, Kevin Janssen, Sven Just, Tjorven Johnsen, Zhenxing Wang, Burkay Uzlu, Sha Li, Daniel Neumaier, Marcus Liebmann, Markus Morgenstern
Summary: By studying the current-induced surface potential maps of graphene field-effect transistors, it was discovered that electron-electron scattering dominates in certain areas, exhibiting viscous flow phenomena, even at moderate mobility.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sanju Gupta, Ammon Johnston, Saiful Khondaker
Summary: Controlled manipulation of physical properties and creating complex surface features-nanosculpting-through particle irradiation is studied in this work. The influence of SEM-generated low energy electron beam on MoS2-gold interface is investigated through irradiation exposure. Mechanistic aspects and the evolution of morphology and lattice defects are examined, while optical and electronic properties are affected at nanoscale. The importance of defect control of monolayer MoS2 and the impacts of these defects on properties are revealed. The use of TERS is instrumental in elucidating nanoscale inhomogeneities and molytrioxide-related defects.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cornelio Delesma, Carlos Amador-Bedolla, Miguel Robles, Jesus Muniz
Summary: A systematic theoretical study was conducted to investigate the electron transport behavior on organic solar cell materials. The study revealed that these materials exhibit appropriate performance under sunlight irradiation, while behaving as a diode in dark conditions.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Xiaolong Li, Songling Han, Mingde Wan, Wen Wang, Zhenxin Geng, Xin Lin
Summary: The transient surface charge accumulation characteristics of a basin-type DC-GIL insulator are investigated, indicating that the charge accumulation is accelerated under thermal gradient and the surface charge density of the convex surface is higher. This study suggests that thermal gradient and transient charge accumulation should be considered in dealing with the insulation characteristics of DC-GIL with insulators.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Liang Chen, Sui Mao, Pu Wang, Zhao Yao, Zhonglin Du, Zhijun Zhu, Laurence A. Belfiore, Jianguo Tang
Summary: Hot-electron injection induced by plasmon decay enables ultrafast electron transfer in metallic nanoparticles, with palladium nanoparticles showing promising potential for high-speed optoelectronics due to their higher density of states next to the Fermi level. Confocal Kelvin probe force microscopy was used to investigate the optical properties of Pd NPs and plasmon induced hot-electron injection, which was found to initiate dense hot-electron transfer in the visible range. The result confirms the energetic Pd hot electrons in the visible range for photoelectric applications.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
P. M. Lytvyn, S. P. Minor, A. Kuchuk, S. Kondratenko, Yu Mazur, Yu Maidaniuk, M. Benamara, M. E. Ware, S. Wu, Zh M. Wang, G. J. Salamo
Summary: This study investigates the effects of growth rate on the structural and electrical properties of InN nanostructures, showing that changes in growth rate can influence the crystal facet structures and residual electron concentration of the nanostructures.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Antonio M. M. Mantica, Michael J. J. Detisch, T. John Balk
Summary: Thermionic emission characterization is essential for understanding the performance and lifespan of vacuum electron devices (VEDs) with cathodes. The University of Kentucky has assembled the Cathode Characterization Chamber (C3) to efficiently assess the performance of thermionically emitting cathode surfaces. The C3 utilizes a Kelvin probe in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber to monitor work function change and current density emitted by thermionic surfaces, along with ion polishing, optical pyrometry, and residual gas analysis to create a comprehensive cathode characterization apparatus.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Nicolas Fil, Mohamed Belhaj, Julien Hillairet, Jerome Puech, Renaud Mathevet
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
J. Pierron, C. Inguimbert, M. Belhaj, M. Raine, J. Puech
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Physics, Applied
J. Pierron, C. Inguimbert, M. Belhaj, T. Gineste, J. Puech, M. Raine
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2017)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
E. Sorolla, M. Belhaj, J. Sombrin, J. Puech
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2017)
Article
Physics, Applied
J. Pierron, C. Inguimbert, M. Belhaj, J. Puech, M. Raine
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2018)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Placais, M. Belhaj, J. Hillairet, J. Puech
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2020)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
V Petit, M. Taborelli, D. A. Zanin, H. Neupert, P. Chiggiato, M. Belhaj
PHYSICAL REVIEW ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
(2020)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Belhaj, S. Dadouch
Summary: A simple method is proposed for calibrating the energy of an electron beam by measuring the surface potential developed on a metal foil irradiated by the electron beam. The energy calibration obtained from this method is compared to the conventional method based on measuring the energy position of the backscattered electron elastic peak.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
C. Rigoudy, K. Makasheva, M. Belhaj, S. Dadouch, G. Teyssedre, L. Boudou
Summary: This study examines the electron emission phenomenon from very thin dielectric layers, finding that there is an atypical dip in the TEEY curve for primary electrons with energy around 1 keV, which is closely related to layer thickness. The effects of SiO2 layer thickness, incidence angle of primary electrons, and applied external electric field on the TEEY curves are reported.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
A. Placais, J. Hillairet, M. Belhaj, J. Puech
Summary: This paper studies the appearance of multipactor in a simple system with a static potential. A numerical model is developed to calculate the evolution of the multipactor threshold with respect to the potential. The resonant modes appearing at different potentials are identified using resonance theory. Theoretical threshold of the structure is computed and a more realistic configuration is used to compute the threshold with a simplified electron emission model.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Vidushi Singh, Baptiste Julien, Ludovic Salvagnac, Sylvain Pelloquin, Teresa Hungria, Claudie Josse, Mohamed Belhaj, Carole Rossi
Summary: In this study, the effect of sputtering power and deposition pressure on the ignition and combustion properties of Al/CuO reactive thin films was investigated. Changing the process parameters resulted in a high-quality thin film with a 200% increase in the burn rate and a 50% decrease in the ignition energy. Atomically resolved structural and chemical analyzes revealed the influence of microstructural differences at the interface on the migration of Al and O and the overall nano-thermite reactivity. The magnitude of residual stress induced during deposition was found to play a decisive role in the reactivity of the nanolaminates.
Article
Physics, Applied
Janina Loffler, Mohamed Belhaj, Nenad Bundaleski, Juan J. Diaz Leon, Jonathan Thomet, Samira Frey, Christophe Ballif, Nicolas Wyrsch
Summary: Recently developed microchannel plates (MCPs) based on amorphous silicon have potential advantages over glass-based MCPs. This study quantifies the low energy electron emission-secondary emission and elastic scattering from amorphous silicon and alumina, and investigates the dependence of the emission energy distribution on primary electron energy. The results provide a comprehensive understanding of the performance of amorphous silicon-based MCP detectors and set the basis for further developments.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Q. Gibaru, C. Inguimbert, M. Belhaj, S. Dadouch, M. Raine, D. Lambert, D. Payan
Summary: In this study, multiple-hump total electron emission yield (TEEY) curves on SiO2 thin films were experimentally measured. A Monte-Carlo electron transport model, published in Gibaru et al., J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 261, 147265 (2022), has been developed to analyze the physical reasons behind this atypical behavior. It has been revealed that the multiple-hump TEEY curves of thin dielectric layers are caused by internal recombination effects. However, this phenomenon is strongly correlated to the incident current density. The analysis also suggests that the commonly observed double-hump TEEY curves on insulators are most likely a measurement artifact tied to the operating parameters of the electron gun. By carefully selecting experimental parameters, this artifact can be eliminated by using a constant current density that is also low enough to limit recombination effects.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
K. Makasheva, M. Belhaj, G. Teyssedre, C. Rigoudy, S. Dadouch, L. Boudou
2017 IEEE 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOTECHNOLOGY (IEEE-NANO)
(2017)
Article
Physics, Applied
M. Villemant, P. Sarrailh, M. Belhaj, L. Garrigues, C. Boniface
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2017)
