期刊
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
卷 43, 期 32, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1751-8113/43/32/322001
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Conclusive mathematical arguments are presented supporting the ratchet conjecture (Chacon 2007 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 40 F413), i.e. the existence of a universal force waveform which optimally enhances directed transport by symmetry breaking. Specifically, such a particular waveform is shown to be unique for both temporal and spatial biharmonic forces, and general (non-perturbative) laws providing the dependence of the strength of directed transport on the force parameters are deduced for these forces. The theory explains previous results for a great diversity of systems subjected to such biharmonic forces and provides a universal quantitative criterion to optimize any application of the ratchet effect induced by symmetry breaking of temporal and spatial biharmonic forces.
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