期刊
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
卷 43, 期 1, 页码 29-50出版社
AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1175/JPO-D-11-0156.1
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资金
- FORMOST project (NERC Grant) [NE/E015026/1]
- EU MICORE (EU FP7 Program) [202798]
- FIELD-AC (EU FP7 Program) [242284]
- Natural Environment Research Council [NE/E015123/1, noc010012] Funding Source: researchfish
- NERC [NE/E015026/1, NE/E015123/1] Funding Source: UKRI
The effect of tides, river, wind and Earth's rotation on the three-dimensional circulation in the Dee, a macrotidal estuary, are investigated using a fine-resolution model. The interactions of the large tidal amplitude, currents, river, and wind-generated circulation require baroclinic and unsteady studies to properly understand the estuarine dynamics. Assessment of the model skill has been carried out by model-observation comparisons for salinity, which is the main control for density, surface elevation, current, and turbulence. Stationary nondimensional numbers were only partially able to characterize the dynamics in this ( real) complex macrotidal estuary. At low water, tidal straining and constrained river flow cause stratification. Large spatial variability occurs in the current and residual patterns, with flood-dominated maximum values occurring within the tidal channels. The tides control residual circulation by modulating stratification through tidal straining and bathymetric constraint on river flow. Tide-stratification-river interaction causes an unsteady pattern of residual circulation and tidal pulses. River-induced pulses are enhanced near low tide-inducing density-driven circulation. Wind effects are concentrated near the surface, mainly occurring at high tide because of increased fetch. Even though Coriolis has, overall, a small contribution it produces tidal pulses modifying the current and salinity distribution.
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