Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cesar Magen, Javier Pablo-Navarro, Jose Maria De Teresa
Summary: FEBID is an advanced technique for the growth of 3D nanostructures, particularly in the field of nanomagnetism and technological applications. However, the basic physical properties of these structures are often seriously degraded due to the presence of contaminants.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Elif Bilgilisoy, Jo-Chi Yu, Christian Preischl, Lisa McElwee-White, Hans-Peter Steinrueck, Hubertus Marbach
Summary: The precise deposition of nanoscaled structures is crucial for nanomaterial applications. This study successfully fabricated clean and well-defined Ru nanomaterials using highly focused electron beam-induced deposition. The study found that the deposition process competed with the electron-induced etching, resulting in lower Ru content initially. However, with increasing electron doses, the Ru content increased and the etching process became less pronounced. This research expands the possibilities of engineering nanostructured materials.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kristoffer Svendsen, Diego Guenot, Jonas Bjoerklund Svensson, Kristoffer Petersson, Anders Persson, Olle Lundh
Summary: This study demonstrates the transport and focusing of laser wakefield accelerated electron beams using electromagnetic quadrupole magnets, achieving precise control over dose distribution for improved radiotherapy effectiveness. Experimentation on acrylic slabs and radiochromic film phantoms successfully simulated the dose distribution of stereotactic radiotherapy treatment.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kai Melde, Heiner Kremer, Minghui Shi, Senne Seneca, Christoph Frey, Ilia Platzman, Christian Degel, Daniel Schmitt, Bernhard Schoelkopf, Peer Fischer
Summary: Acoustic waves can generate forces on matter, allowing for the precise shaping of ultrasound fields in 3D. This technique enables the one-step assembly of particles, hydrogel beads, and biological cells using acoustic forces without the need for opposing waves or support structures. The structures can be fixed by gelation. This advancement holds great potential for tissue engineering and additive manufacturing.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hyunmin Park, Joon Goo Kang, Jin Seok Kim, Eun Goo Kang, Seung-Kyum Choi, Jisoo Kim, Hyung Wook Park
Summary: This study establishes a simple and rapid predictive model for microhole profiles drilled using a focused electron beam and predicts the hole profiles by analyzing temperature distributions. Experimental results show high predictive accuracy in terms of hole size, straightness, and geometrical shape.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohammed K. Abdel-Rahman, Patrick M. Eckhert, D. Howard Fairbrother
Summary: Ion-beam-induced deposition using Me3PtCpMe was studied through a combination of UHV surface science research and SEM data. The experiments showed that ion-induced deposition reaction cross sections are approximately two orders of magnitude greater, resulting in deposits with PtC5 stoichiometry. Ion-induced deposition also led to bimolecular methyl radical coupling to produce ethane.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Microscopy
Kayleigh L. Y. Fung, Benjamin L. Weare, Michael W. Fay, Stephen P. Argent, Andrei N. Khlobystov
Summary: The reactivity of a series of related molecules under the 80 keV electron beam was studied and correlated with their structures and chemical composition. The stability of the molecules was found to depend on their degree of hydrogenation or halogenation. Fully halogenated molecules were the most stable, while semi-halogenated molecules were the least stable due to the elimination of H-X and subsequent polymerization. The presence of water molecules in the crystal lattice significantly decreased the stability of the semi-fluorinated molecules.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hongli Wang, Shimin Shan, Gao Wang
Summary: Two compact double-cell structures were compared experimentally to optimize the output of SBS sub-nanosecond pulse compression. Theoretical calculations of the beam parameters guided the selection of structural parameters, such as the lens focal length and SBS cell size. Experimental studies demonstrated the dependence of SBS output parameters on lens and medium parameters. The optimized setup achieved a pulse width compression ratio of up to 16 times, providing valuable references for the experimental design of SBS pulse compression.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yuan Gao, Yi Tan, Wenliang Qi, Zhiqiang Hu, Pengting Li
Summary: Removing stubborn B from Si efficiently and simplifying the purification process are critical challenges in the manufacture of solar grade silicon via metallurgical routes. This study presents a method to address these challenges by flexibly coupling B with other impurities separation procedure, and purifying metallurgical grade silicon through simplified electron beam melting unlocked by a few oxides. The method not only ensures the smooth process of B oxidation, but also favors the co-removal of other impurities, achieving high purity Si.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sangeetha Hari, P. H. F. Trompenaars, J. J. L. Mulders, Pieter Kruit, C. W. Hagen
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of focused electron beam-induced etching (FEBIE) as a direct-write technique for removing carbonaceous interconnecting material in high resolution dense lines. Secondary electron imaging and atomic force microscopy measurements were used to monitor the FEBIE process, confirming the successful fabrication of well-separated FEBID lines. The application of this technique for removing interconnecting material in dense lines was further validated using backscattered electron imaging.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hanxun Xu, Renkai Li, Lixin Yan, Yingchao Du, Qili Tian, Wenhui Huang, Chuanxiang Tang
Summary: In this study, a physical design of a compact all-optical terahertz-driven electron source was proposed and optimized. Dynamic simulations and sensitivity analysis showed that the designed electron source can deliver high-quality ultrafast electron beams for applications such as ultrafast electron diffraction. Prototype THz-driven electron guns have been fabricated and tested, and more comprehensive results will be reported in the future.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xiaogang You, Gengyi Dong, Haijing Zhou, Huixing Zhang, Yi Tan, Yinong Wang, Pengting Li, Qifan You, Yi Li, Hongyang Cui, Yufeng Liu, Hua Yuan
Summary: This research investigates the use of electron beam smelting combined with induced solidification technology to remove O, N, and low-density inclusions from the scraps of powder superalloy ingots. It is found that the concentration of O and N as well as the number density of the inclusions can be significantly reduced through this method. The study also highlights the important role of natural and Marangoni convection in the movement of inclusions.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pablo Orus, Fabian Sigloch, Soraya Sangiao, Jose Maria De Teresa
Summary: Superconductivity has been a fascinating and important field of study in physics and materials science since its discovery in 1911. Nanofabrication techniques using focused ion/electron beam induced deposition can downsize superconducting materials to the nanoscale, allowing for targeted and highly-flexible nanopatterning. Tungsten, niobium, molybdenum, carbon, and lead have been identified as the most notable superconducting materials used in functional devices.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaohan Dong, Keyan Sheng, Zhiyan Chen, Changhao Guo, Jiang Huang, Yanlong Gu
Summary: This article presents a new method for separating chemicals from a reaction solution using a cellulose microgel fabricated by electron beam irradiation as a bio-based absorbant. The research team is from Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Vladimir Titov, Andrey Ploskih, Nikita Ryskin
Summary: This paper presents the performance of a traveling-wave tube with a sheet electron beam and staggered double-grating slow-wave structure. Through 3D particle-in-cell simulation, the differences between the TWT driven by a converged sheet beam and an idealized initially rectilinear beam are studied.
Article
Microscopy
Harald Fitzek, Armin Zankel, Martina Dienstleder, Johannes Rattenberger, Hartmut Schroettner, Ferdinand Hofer
Summary: Whole sample microscopy mappings are beneficial for analyzing phase variations and compositions across a sample. Combining multiple microscopic techniques can amplify these benefits. The key step in data treatment is to evaluate spectral maps separately and generate pseudo spectral maps, allowing for data unification and compression.
Article
Microscopy
Samuel Bitrus, Harald Fitzek, Eugen Rigger, Johannes Rattenberger, Doris Entner
Summary: This paper investigates the application of single classifiers and multiple classifier systems in correlative microscopy and demonstrates the feasibility and superiority of automated classification in this context.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anna Weitzer, Robert Winkler, David Kuhness, Gerald Kothleitner, Harald Plank
Summary: Explored the post-growth electron beam curing process of platinum-based FEBID deposits, achieving controlled and reproducible morphological bending of complex nanostructures and opening up new prospects for more advanced nano-architectures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jason D. Fowlkes, Robert Winkler, Philip D. Rack, Harald Plank
Summary: This article presents an electron dose compensation strategy, called DBEA, to address the structural artifact issue caused by temperature gradient in 3D nanoprinting using focused electron beam-induced deposition. By modulating the electron dose, the deviations caused by temperature variations can be corrected, thus improving the printing accuracy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hendrik Kaehler, Holger Arthaber, Robert Winkler, Robert G. West, Ioan Ignat, Harald Plank, Silvan Schmid
Summary: One challenge in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) is the efficient transduction of tiny resonators. In this study, an electromechanical transduction method based on surface acoustic waves (SAWs) is presented, which successfully transduces freestanding nanomechanical platinum-carbon pillar resonators in the first-order bending and compression mode.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
John Lasseter, Philip D. D. Rack, Steven J. J. Randolph
Summary: This study demonstrates the selective growth of high-purity gold films onto nanoscale 3D architectures using the Me2Au (acac) precursor and pulsed laser pyrolytic chemical vapor deposition. The high thermal resistance of the nanoscale geometries enables selective deposition. The effects of laser irradiance, pulse width, and precursor pressure on the growth rate were explored, and feature-targeting resolutions of approximately 100 and 5 μm were achieved using diode lasers coupled to multimode (915 nm) and single mode (785 nm) fiber optics, respectively. Finite element thermal modeling was used to rationalize the experimental results.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Robert Winkler, Michele Brugger-Hatzl, Lukas Matthias Seewald, David Kuhness, Sven Barth, Thomas Mairhofer, Gerald Kothleitner, Harald Plank
Summary: Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is extended by the additive direct-write fabrication of magnetic nano-cones via focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) using an HCo3Fe(CO)(12) precursor. Highly crystalline nano-tips with minimal surface contamination and sub-15 nm apex radii are fabricated and benchmarked against commercial products. The results demonstrate high performance during MFM operation and virtually loss-free behavior after almost 8 hours of continuous operation, as well as no performance loss after more than 12 months of storage in ambient conditions for the FEBID-based Co3Fe MFM nano-probes introduced in this study.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Robert Winkler, Miguel Ciria, Margaret Ahmad, Harald Plank, Carlos Marcuello
Summary: Magnetism is crucial in biological systems but the magnetic forces between bodies are often weak, demanding ultra-sensitive tools for sensing. Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) provides high lateral resolution and the capability for single-molecule studies. This comprehensive review highlights the importance of magnetic forces in biological applications, describes the working principles of MFM, and focuses on novel fabrication procedures to enhance magnetic response signals.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Robert Winkler, Michele Brugger-Hatzl, Fabrizio Porrati, David Kuhness, Thomas Mairhofer, Lukas M. Seewald, Gerald Kothleitner, Michael Huth, Harald Plank, Sven Barth
Summary: This study provides solid evidence on the decomposition process of the HFeCo3(CO)(12) precursor, emphasizing the influence of microstructure and composition on the properties of electron beam-induced deposits. It reveals the activity of different fragmentation channels during single-spot growth processes.
Article
Education, Special
Jason D. Fowlkes, Robert Winkler, Philip D. Rack, Harald Plank
Summary: 3D nanoprinting using focused electron beam-induced deposition is susceptible to structural distortions caused by temperature gradients. In this study, an electron dose compensation strategy called the Decelerating Beam Exposure Algorithm (DBEA) is proposed to correct for nanowire bending during computer-aided design. The DBEA utilizes an analytical solution derived from 3D nanoprinting simulations to offset undesired heating effects. This compensation strategy has the potential to improve the fidelity of 3D nanoscale printing.
RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jason D. Fowlkes, Robert Winkler, Philip D. Rack, Harald Plank
Summary: 3D nanoprinting using focused electron beam-induced deposition often results in structural artifacts caused by temperature gradients during the deposition process. Researchers have developed an electron dose compensation strategy to correct for these artifacts and improve the precision of 3D nanoprinting.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Timothy G. Lach, Chinthaka M. Silva, Yufan Zhou, Walker L. Boldman, Philip D. Rack, William J. Weber, Yanwen Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the behavior of two sets of near-equiatomic CoCrCuFeNi thin films under irradiation in different environments. The results demonstrate the influence of composition and environmental exposure on the stability of high entropy alloys under radiation, providing insights into controlling these behaviors.
NPJ MATERIALS DEGRADATION
(2022)
