Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abdel Khaleq Mousa Alsmadi, Belal Salameh, Maryam Barhoush
Summary: In this study, high-quality copper-doped ZnO films were prepared using the standard spray pyrolysis method. The correlation between magnetic ordering and native defect states in the ZnO lattice was systematically investigated. The results showed that the detected ferromagnetic ordering is intrinsic and induced by the copper dopants. An improvement in ferromagnetic ordering was observed with increasing copper dopant concentration, which was correlated with an increase in oxygen vacancy and zinc interstitial concentrations and a slight decrease in the concentration of zinc vacancies and oxygen interstitial levels. The magnetic ordering mechanism was associated with the long-range ferromagnetic coupling between copper ions mediated by intrinsic defects.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xiulan Ling, Xin Chen, Xiaofeng Liu
Summary: Using a finite-difference time-domain method, we conducted a study on the light field intensification in optical films caused by defects with different geometries. The results showed that defects can locally enhance the light intensity in optical films, with spherical defects resulting in the highest intensification. The degree of intensification increases with the diameter of the defect and the relative refractive index between the defect and the film layer, with shallow defects exhibiting the highest intensification. Additionally, the extinction coefficient of the defect significantly affects the light intensification. Our findings reveal that the intensification of the light field induced by nano-defects is mainly due to the interference enhancement of incident light and diffracted or reflected light by defects when the defect size is in the subwavelength range.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Soumita Maiti, Sangchul Roh, Itai Cohen, Nicholas L. Abbott
Summary: This study explores the non-equilibrium interfacial behaviors of thermotropic liquid crystals and finds that the reordering of the liquid crystals is mainly caused by interfacial shearing. Simple methods for mapping interfacial velocities and investigating surfactant-driven flows are established, revealing the importance of surface advection and surfactant desorption. The dynamic states adopted by the liquid crystals in the presence of surfactant concentration gradients offer new opportunities for engineering complex fluids beyond equilibrium.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Optics
Andris Berzins, Janis Smits, Andrejs Petruhins, Roberts Rimsa, Gatis Mozolevskis, Martins Zubkins, Ilja Fescenko
Summary: In this paper, the imaging of stresses in the top layer of diamond with deposited structures of Cr2O3 at temperatures 19°C and 37°C was demonstrated using stress-sensitive optically detected magnetic resonances (ODMR) in NV centers. The stresses in the diamond-film interface were also calculated and correlated to measured ODMR frequency shifts. The results show that NV microscopy can be used to optically detect and quantify the spatial distributions of stresses in diamond-based photonic devices with micrometer precision, and thin films can be used for local application of temperature-controlled stresses.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jinzhong Zhang, Lixin Liu, Xu Luo, Wei Lu, Tianyou Zhai
Summary: Large-area Sb2O3 films were successfully deposited by thermal evaporation deposition, and their optical behaviors were investigated in detail. The as-deposited films exhibited a cubic phase with a lattice constant of about 11.16 angstroms. The thermal stability of lattice vibrations and optical constants, as well as the electronic transitions, were studied at different temperatures. The thermally robust crystalline structure and optical properties of a-Sb2O3 films make them promising for (opto)electronic devices.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
A. A. Al-Muntaser, M. A. Nasher, M. M. Makhlouf
Summary: In this study, homogeneous thin films of Molybdenum oxide (MoO3) were successfully grown on quartz and glass substrates using the thermal evaporation method. The films exhibited amorphous nature and nearly uniform surfaces with worm-like shape grains. The optical and electrical properties of the films were investigated, revealing their linear and nonlinear optical characteristics, as well as the temperature dependence of their DC electrical conductivity and conduction mechanism.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Kenichiro Omoto, Shota Aoyama, Tomasz Galica, Eiji Nishibori, Shohei Katao, Kazuma Yasuhara, Gwenael Rapenne
Summary: The novel coordination polymer ZnC16 shows a thermal crystal-to-crystal phase transition behavior dominated by disordering/ordering of alkyl chains, resulting in the expansion and shrinkage of distances within the rigid 2D coordination networks. The thermal phase transition induces significant changes in crystal morphology, including reversible macroscopic elongation/shrinkage and irreversible delamination and polycrystal slippage. This research provides a new direction to modulate the dynamic behavior and properties of layered coordination polymers by utilizing the thermally responsive character of flexible alkyl chains.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Katarina Viskupova, Branislav Grancic, Tomas Roch, Stefan Nagy, Leonid Satrapinskyy, Viktor Sroba, Martin Truchly, Jiri Silha, Peter Kus, Marian Mikula
Summary: This study investigates thermally induced planar defects in ternary V1-xMoxB2-Delta coatings and their different influences on mechanical properties. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) was used to identify various types of planar defects. In the slightly understoichiometric V0.58Mo0.42B1.9 system, anti-phase boundary defects (APB) were observed, accompanied by chemical separation of V and Mo. This led to the formation of MoB-Cmcm orthorhombic phase without affecting mechanical properties. In the highly understoichiometric V0.37Mo0.63B1.2 coating, no chemical separation was observed, but annealing resulted in crystallization into orthorhombic Cmcm phase with twin lamellae and significant hardening.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xin Chen, Xiu-Lan Ling, Ji Liu, Xiao-Feng Liu
Summary: Based on the finite-difference time-domain method, this study analyzed the light field intensification in optical films caused by the intercoupling of defects and organic contamination. The results reveal that the coupling effect between the defect and the organic contamination droplet enhances with a closer distance and a larger diameter, leading to an increase in the local electric field. Moreover, the coupling effect depends on the thickness and refractive index of the organic contamination layer, with a thicker and higher refractive index resulting in a decrease in the peak value of the electric field. This work deepens the understanding of the degradation mechanism of laser-induced damage in vacuum optical thin films.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Megha Jain, Manju, Manish Kumar, Hyun Hwi Lee, Sung Ok Won, Keun Hwa Chae, Govind Gupta, Ankush Vij, Anup Thakur
Summary: The study found that thermally induced cation ordering affects the emission color of spinel compounds, monitored through X-ray absorption and diffraction analysis. Thermal treatment can stabilize the compound's structure and change the emission color, with potential implications for thermal sensing applications.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wenzhi Zhang, Chen Zhang, Jianchang Liu, Xiao Wang, Shengbo Zhu
Summary: In this study, a facile and efficient method was proposed for the preparation of large-size electrochromic polymer films using in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. The obtained films exhibited excellent electrochromic performance, indicating their great potential applications in electrochromic devices.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Daniel S. Kazal, An Ngo, Ellen L. Holthoff, Brian M. Cullum
Summary: The THermally-induced Optical Reflection of Sound (THORS) phenomenon allows for the generation of optically induced local density barriers in air, which efficiently reflect incident acoustic waves by absorbing intense, modulated laser light. The ability to manipulate and reflect acoustic waves in air, optimize functional parameters, and efficiently steer acoustic waves around physical obstructions using THORS is demonstrated in this study.
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Eva Schmoranzerova, Jozef Kimak, Richard Schlitz, Sebastian T. B. Goennenwein, Dominik Kriegner, Helena Reichlova, Zbynek Soban, Gerhard Jakob, Er-Jia Guo, Mathias Klaeui, Markus Muenzenberg, Petr Nemec, Tomas Ostatnicky
Summary: All-optical ferromagnetic resonance (AO-FMR) is used to detect micromagnetic parameters in yttrium iron garnet (YIG) thin films with a metallic capping layer (Au, Pt) by triggering magnetization precession through heating of the metallic layer with femtosecond laser pulses. The laser-induced precession corresponds to a uniform (Kittel) magnon mode, allowing for the measurement of local magnetic properties with a resolution determined by the laser spot size.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jiujuan Li, Hongwei Zhao, Guoyun Zhou, Hong Wu, Wei He, Yuanming Chen, Yao Tang, Huaiwu Zhang, Yunzhong Huang, Yukai Sun, Yongkang Zhu
Summary: In this study, a silver-containing polythiophene composite membrane is developed by using a mixed oxidant of KMnO4 and AgNO3. The composite layer formed exhibits excellent electrical conductivity and electrochemical performance, with a work function of 4.605 eV and a sheet resistance of 1.86 k ohm/. This composite membrane enables direct electrodeposition of copper lines or patterns on flexible insulating substrates, providing an alternative route for copper layer deposition.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenchao Tang, Yuanyuan Xiao, Yaohang Long, Yaofeng Li, Fang Peng, Can Zhu, Tinggui He, Didong Lou, Yong Zhu
Summary: The study reveals that the reproductive damage induced by NaF in Bombyx mori testis is achieved by affecting the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and ROS levels. Exposure to NaF leads to increased activity of mitochondrial complex enzymes, upregulation of gene transcription levels, oxidative stress reactions, and more severe testicular damage with increasing exposure times.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
