Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Inbar Seroussi, Gadi Naveh, Zohar Ringel
Summary: Deep neural networks (DNNs) have complex structures, making direct microscopic analysis difficult. However, by identifying slow variables that average the behavior of fast variables, the authors have found a similar scale separation in finite deep convolutional neural networks and fully connected networks. They show that DNN layers couple through the second cumulant of their activations and pre-activations, which fluctuate in a Gaussian manner. The resulting thermodynamic theory of deep learning provides accurate predictions and new ways to understand DNNs.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qi Cao, Jiabao Yang, Tong Wang, Yuke Li, Xingyu Pu, Junsong Zhao, Yixin Zhang, Hui Zhou, Xiaoqiang Li, Xuanhua Li
Summary: Metal halide perovskites have gained significant attention for their excellent optoelectronic properties, with the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells being major research focuses. The multidentate-cross-linking strategy has successfully enhanced device efficiency and improved operational stability, offering a new direction for commercial applications.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Robert B. Mann, Behnam Pourhassan, Prabir Rudra
Summary: This paper explores the thermodynamic properties of a thin black ring in AdS space-time, finding that its angular momentum to mass ratio has an upper limit relative to the cosmological radius. The research indicates that the small black ring is thermodynamically stable due to the effects introduced by thermal fluctuations, but less stable than thermal AdS. Thermodynamic analysis shows no critical point, but rather a Hawking-Page transition to radiation, confirmed by Gibbs free energy analysis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luke J. Harrington
Summary: The use of signal-to-noise ratios is an effective method for assessing the significance of future climate change relative to past experiences. Comparing the S/N ratios of annual mean temperatures and emergent changes in daily temperatures experienced by the global population provides insights into the speed of current climate change.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nick Evans, Konstantinos S. Rigatos
Summary: Chiral symmetry breaking is related to the dimension of the quark bilinear condensate passing through one, and is supported by gap equations and holographic models. Confinement may be a separate property of pure Yang-Mills theory, occurring below the scale of dynamically generated quark mass.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. Batic, H. Kittaneh, M. Nowakowski
Summary: This study explores weak and strong gravitational lensing in the presence of an accelerating black hole and positive cosmological constant Λ. New perturbative formulas for event and cosmological horizons are derived, revealing interesting properties of null circular orbits and the inability to distinguish different types of C-black holes based on Sachs optical scalars alone. Analytical formulas for deflection angles in weak and strong gravitational lensing regimes are established for observers and light rays belonging to specific invariant cones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xin Kang, Youcheng Deng, Jianyong Wang, Aiwu Fan
Summary: A versatile numerical tool based on OpenFOAM framework was developed for modeling low-Mach number reacting flows, showing good performance in reproducing experimental flames.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yupeng Yang, Xiujuan Li, Gang Li
Summary: Astronomical measurements have strongly constrained the matter power spectrum at large scales, but only weakly at small scales. Deviation of the matter power spectrum at small scales can affect the formation of cosmological structures and the density of dark matter halos. Changes in the thermal history of the intergalactic medium (IGM) due to the annihilation of weakly interacting massive particles can leave imprints on relevant astronomical observations. By considering the impact of the deviation of the matter power spectrum at small scales on the global 21-cm signal, we explore the allowed parameter space of ms using the measured differential brightness temperature of the global 21-cm signal from the EDGES experiment at redshift z = 17.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caroline L. Wormell
Summary: The dynamics of many important high-dimensional dynamical systems are chaotic and complex. The widely accepted chaotic hypothesis by Gallavotti and Cohen is challenged by our numerical evidence which shows the existence of non-hyperbolic large-scale dynamical structures in a mean-field coupled system. This suggests that the chaotic hypothesis should not be assumed to hold in all systems, and a better understanding of its validity is required.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Automation & Control Systems
Fernando Soto, Jie Wang, Shreya Deshmukh, Utkan Demirci
Summary: The article introduces the latest developments in externally driven assembly of synthetic and biological components, emphasizing the importance of reversibility in creating multiscale systems. By controlling magnetic, acoustic, optical, and electric fields, the assembly of biological and synthetic subunits can be reprogrammed. The article also highlights the ability to dynamically actuate assembly configurations by modulating the properties of external stimuli, and presents design principles for reconfigurable structures.
ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Inas Issa, Christoph Gammer, Stefan Kolitsch, Anton Hohenwarter, Peter J. Imrich, Reinhard Pippan, Daniel Kiener
Summary: The study reports a Brittle-Ductile Transition in silicon controlled by length scale, leading to a significant increase in fracture toughness. In situ Transmission Electron Microscopy experiments show that below 250 nm, fracture toughness inversely increases with size, accompanied by nucleation and propagation of dislocations at the crack tip. The findings offer new strategies for strengthening and toughening brittle materials through geometric miniaturization.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Venkat Kapil, Edgar A. Engel
Summary: Predicting the relative stabilities of molecular crystals is important for technological development, especially in the pharmaceutical industry. However, accurately modeling the free energy differences is challenging due to the complex interactions between electronic structure, statistical mechanics, and thermal expansion. In this study, a computational framework combining state-of-the-art electronic structure calculations, machine learning potentials, and advanced free energy methods is presented, enabling accurate prediction of ab initio Gibbs free energies for general organic molecular materials.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Georgia Papacharalampous, Hristos Tyralis, Yannis Markonis, Martin Hanel
Summary: In this study, a new methodological framework is proposed for exploring and comparing multi-scale analyses in a hydroclimatic context, in order to comprehensively understand the behaviors of geophysical processes and evaluate time series simulation models. By computing the feature values at different temporal resolutions and three hydroclimatic time series types, similarities and differences in the evolution patterns are identified. The computed features are also used for meaningful clustering of hydroclimatic time series, which allows for interpretation of hydroclimatic similarity at various temporal resolutions.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lidi Shi, Jian Sun, Binliang Lin, Zhaowei Liu, Xinyu Zuo
Summary: Confluences are important components in river systems, and their hydrodynamic complexity attracts increasing attention. This study investigates the hydro-thermodynamic processes at a major confluence in the Yangtze River using a three-dimensional numerical model. The results show that reservoir regulation significantly alters flow patterns in the confluence zone and affects the water mixing capacity.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Luiz Renato Fontes, Susana Frometa, Leonel Zuaznabar
Summary: The scaling limit for the Hierarchical Random Hopping dynamics for the non cascading 2-GREM is derived in this study at low temperatures and time scales where the dynamics is close to equilibrium. The fine tuning phenomenon leads to three dynamical regimes depending on the choices of model parameters. In contrast to the cascading case, fluctuations in the pairs of first and second level energies scale with the volume, resulting in a range of time scales where the dynamics only moves through a portion of the full low-temperature energy landscape.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Aurelie Lagorce-Tachon, Fabrice Mairesse, Thomas Karbowiak, Regis D. Gougeon, Jean-Pierre Bellat, Tadeusz Sliwa, Jean-Marc Simon
JOURNAL OF CHEMOMETRICS
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
N. Dawass, P. Kruger, S. K. Schnell, D. Bedeaux, S. Kjelstrup, J. M. Simon, T. J. H. Vlugt
MOLECULAR SIMULATION
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bjorn A. Strom, Jean-Marc Simon, Sondre K. Schnell, Signe Kjelstrup, Jianying He, Dick Bedeaux
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Noura Dawass, Peter Kruger, Jean-Marc Simon, Thijs J. H. Vlugt
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Antoine Patt, Jean-Marc Simon, Sylvain Picaud, J. Marcos Salazar
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2018)
Article
Thermodynamics
Noura Dawass, Peter Kruger, Sondre K. Schnell, Jean-Marc Simon, T. J. H. Vlugt
FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. M. Salazar, M. Badawi, B. Radola, M. Macaud, J. M. Simon
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
C. Petuya, A. Patt, J. M. Simon, S. Picaud, M. J. Salazar, A. Desmedt
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Noura Dawass, Peter Kruger, Sondre K. Schnell, Othonas A. Moultos, Ioannis G. Economou, Thijs J. H. Vlugt, Jean-Marc Simon
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Julie Chanut, Aurelie Lagorce, Sonia Lequin, Regis D. Gougeon, Jean-Marc Simon, Jean-Pierre Bellat, Thomas Karbowiak
Summary: A fast manometric method has been developed to determine the oxygen transfer rate through cork stoppers. It enables the measurement of the effective diffusion coefficient in thin cork wafers in a few days, with a calculation method to extrapolate the results to full-length stoppers based on statistical analysis. The study also addresses the issues of material heterogeneity, representative thickness, and the effective length of the stopper for significant resistance to mass transfer.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Antoine Patt, Jean-Marc Simon, J. Marcos Salazar, Sylvain Picaud
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Masafumi Miyaji, Bastien Radola, Jean-Marc Simon, Peter Kruger
Summary: The article discusses the application of Kirkwood-Buff integrals to solids by introducing a finite volume method to prevent divergence. It demonstrates that this method can accurately calculate thermodynamic properties of solids, with successful application to solid argon.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Julien Joliat, Antoine Patt, Jean Marc Simon, Sylvain Picaud
Summary: In this study, it was found that at low coverage, propanol and hexanal molecules are adsorbed parallel to the ice surface driven by interactions with the ice phase. On the other hand, at saturation, the molecules tend to become tilted with their aliphatic chains pointing towards the gas phase. The polar head of propanol and hexanal molecules remains attached to the ice surface throughout different coverages.
MOLECULAR SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bastien Radola, Maxence Giraudet, Igor Bezverkhyy, Jean Marc Simon, Jose-Marcos Salazar, Mathieu Macaud, Jean Pierre Bellat
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bastien Radola, Igor Bezverkhyy, Jean-Marc Simon, Jose Marcos Salazar, Mathieu Macaud, Jean-Pierre Bellat
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)