Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xiang Gao, Andrew D. Hanlon, Nikhil Karthik, Swagato Mukherjee, Peter Petreczky, Philipp Scior, Shuzhe Shi, Sergey Syritsyn, Yong Zhao, Kai Zhou
Summary: In this study, lattice QCD calculations were performed to determine the valence parton distribution function of the pion, using next-to-next-leading-order perturbative QCD matching. The results are in good agreement with global fits to experimental data.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zhan Bai, Lei Chang, Jingyi Chao, Fei Gao, Yu-xin Liu
Summary: The study utilizes the Dyson-Schwinger equation approach to examine the mass dependence of pseudocritical temperature of QCD crossover at zero chemical potential. The rainbow truncation leads to a critical exponent consistent with the mean field value, and the pseudocritical temperature is related to the maximum value of chiral susceptibility, which may be mass independent.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Dmitri E. Kharzeev, Jinfeng Liao, Shuzhe Shi
Summary: This paper analyzes the results of relativistic heavy ion collisions and suggests the observance of the chiral magnetic effect (CME) in the experiment, with a proposed signal contribution.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Adam Overvig, Nanfang Yu, Andrea Alu
Summary: The study introduces quasi-bound states in the continuum (QBICs) born of chiral perturbations, encoding arbitrary elliptical polarization states and enabling geometric phase engineering. Metasurfaces with ultrasharp spectral features are designed as a result, shaping impinging wave fronts with near-unity efficiency. The findings extend Fano resonances beyond their conventional limits, opening opportunities for nanophotonics, classical and quantum optics, and acoustics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chao-Hsiang Sheu, Mikhail Shifman
Summary: The study investigates the pattern of chiral symmetry breaking in the R3 x S1 L model and derives the implications for R4 physics using a double-trace deformation. The stability of center-symmetric vacua is ensured. By analyzing the instanton-monopole operators, the existence of adjoint chiral condensate in R4 is confirmed, along with the spontaneous breaking of the SUoNcTHORN gauge symmetry.
Review
Physics, Applied
Dmitri E. Kharzeev, Jinfeng Liao
Summary: Experimental observations in heavy-ion collisions may uncover the importance of the topological structure of vacuum in laboratory experiments, which could contribute to the understanding of quantum chromodynamics, the origin of the baryon asymmetry in the present-day Universe, and other areas, including condensed matter physics.
NATURE REVIEWS PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lixin Yang
Summary: In this study, we investigate the response of magnetized chiral plasma to perturbative vector and axial gauge fields based on chiral kinetic theory. By solving the chiral kinetic equations, we obtain density waves containing chiral magnetic waves and establish the constitutive relations between covariant currents and stress tensors. The consistency between the derivative symmetry of the correlators and the Onsager relations is also verified, which confirms the accuracy of the conclusions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ling-feng Chen, Zhan Bai, Fei Gao, Yu-xin Liu
Summary: By solving the Dyson-Schwinger equations and analyzing the resulting mass function, the study computes the quark condensate beyond the chiral limit with a cutoff independent definition. The well-defined condensate is then analyzed for its evolution and susceptibility with the current quark mass, showing a critical mass at about QCD that defines a transition boundary for internal hadron dynamics.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jeremy Hansen, Kirill Tuchin
Summary: We investigate the photon bremsstrahlung in chiral media and analyze its resonance in the scattering amplitude. The resonance contribution is shown to be proportional to the magnetic moment of the target nucleus. We demonstrate that the presence of the chiral magnetic current enhances the anomalous contribution to the photon spectrum, leading to a distinct kneelike structure. The significance of the anomalous terms depends on the ratio of the chiral magnetic conductivity to the projectile fermion mass.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Csaba Csaki, Hitoshi Murayama, Ofri Telem
Summary: In this study, we perturb super-symmetric theories with anomaly-mediated super-symmetry breaking to investigate the dynamics of SU(N-4) gauge theories with fermions in a specific rank-2 symmetric tensor and N antifundamental representations. We find that for certain values of N, the global symmetry SU(N) x U(1) is dynamically broken to another gauge group, which is different from previous conjectures. Furthermore, in some cases, the soft masses divert the theory flow from a superconformal fixed point.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Prabal Adhikari, Jens O. Andersen, Martin A. Mojahed
Summary: In this study, the light-quark, pion, and axial condensates are calculated in three-flavor chiral perturbation theory with an isospin chemical potential at zero temperature. The results are compared with lattice QCD data, showing good agreement. Overall improvements are observed by including next-to-leading order effects.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zachary T. Draper, Stephen R. Sharpe
Summary: This study investigates pion-pion scattering in partially-quenched twisted-mass lattice QCD, revealing issues related to discretization errors and violation of unitarity. It proposes a systematic solution for reducing discretization errors by calculating the I = 2 scattering amplitude, while indicating that the error from the violation of unitarity is challenging to minimize in practice.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jisu Kim, Su Houng Lee
Summary: This study calculates the mass of the vector meson in the chiral symmetry restored vacuum and finds the chiral symmetric part to be between 550 and 600 MeV. Chiral symmetry breaking accounts for only a small fraction of the symmetric part of the mass, demonstrating its role in the mass difference between chiral partners.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Defu Hou, Shu Lin
Summary: The text discusses the phenomenon of polarization rotation for light interacting with chiral materials and chiral fermions interacting with quantum electrodynamics plasma. It demonstrates that the rotation of polarization is perpendicular to both vorticity and fermion momentum, and it also exists in quantum chromodynamics plasma with vorticity. The effect could lead to generation of a vector current when the probe fermions contain momentum anisotropy.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ying-Ying Li, Xing-Lin Liu, Xin-Yi Liu, Zhen Fang
Summary: This article introduces an improved soft-wall AdS/QCD model coupled to an Einstein-dilaton system, which offers the ability to study deconfining and chiral transitions simultaneously. The correlation between these transitions is investigated, and the effects of the scaling dimension of the dual operator of the dilaton on chiral transitions are observed.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Claudio Bonanno, Claudio Bonati, Massimo D'Elia
Summary: The study simulated 4d SU(N) pure-gauge theories at large N using a parallel tempering scheme, reducing the autocorrelation time and refining the quartic coefficient of the theta-dependence of the vacuum energy b(2) with high accuracy. This approach achieved results comparable to the large-N limit of the topological susceptibility.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Claudio Bonati, Alessio Franchi, Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari
Summary: This study focuses on two-dimensional lattice SU(N-c) gauge theories with multiflavor scalar fields, investigating their properties in the zero-temperature limit and exploring the relation between the continuum limit and a symmetric space sigma model. The results confirm a conjecture regarding the nature of the continuum limit in such systems.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Claudio Bonati, Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari
Summary: We investigate the phase diagram and phase transitions in a three-dimensional model with global SU(N) symmetry, local U(1) symmetry, and without monopoles. Monte Carlo simulations for N = 2 and 25 reveal a finite-temperature transition related to the condensation of a local gauge-invariant order parameter. Results for the N = 2 model suggest a weak first-order transition, while results for the N = 25 model also indicate a first-order transition that weakens as the field-length fluctuations decrease.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Andreas Athenodorou, Claudio Bonanno, Claudio Bonati, Giuseppe Clemente, Francesco D'Angelo, Massimo D'Elia, Lorenzo Maio, Guido Martinelli, Francesco Sanfilippo, Antonino Todaro
Summary: In this study, we compute the topological susceptibility of N-f = 2 + 1 QCD with physical quark masses in the high-temperature phase. The numerical simulations are performed on a space-time lattice, and the topological charge is defined using the staggered Dirac operator with spectral projectors. We find that our results for the susceptibility in the explored temperature range are partially in tension with previous determinations in the literature.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Claudio Bonati, Alessio Franchi, Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari
Summary: We study the critical behavior of the three-dimensional Gross-Neveu (GN) model with Nf four-component Dirac fermionic flavors and quartic interactions, at the chiral 7L2 transition in the massless 7L2-symmetric limit. By performing Monte Carlo simulations and analyzing the numerical data, we obtain estimates of the critical exponents and compare them with large-Nf predictions from the continuum GN field theory. We observe substantial agreement, confirming that lattice GN models provide a nonperturbative realization of the GN quantum field theory.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Claudio Bonati, Niccolo Francini
Summary: We examine the phase diagram and phase transitions of the three-dimensional multicomponent lattice Higgs model with noncompact Abelian discrete groups. For a sufficiently large number of scalar fields N, the model with noncompact U(1) gauge group undergoes a continuous transition associated with the charged fixed point of the continuous Abelian Higgs field theory. Our findings show that in the model with gauge group Z(nc)q equivalent to 2 pi Z/q, only critical transitions in the orthogonal universality classes occur for small values of N, while a symmetry expansion to the continuous Abelian Higgs universality class occurs when q is greater than or equal to 5 and N is large enough.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Claudio Bonati, Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari
Summary: This study investigates the phase diagram and phase transitions of three-dimensional lattice gauge-Higgs models obtained by gauging the ZN subgroup of the global Zq invariance group of the Zq clock model. The phase diagram consists of three different phases separated by distinct transition lines. The critical behavior along two transition lines characterized by the ordering of the scalar field is studied. The results confirm the theoretical predictions and show that the transitions belong to the Ising and O(2) universality classes.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Claudio Bonati, Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari
Summary: Investigated the multicritical behavior of the three-dimensional Z(2) gauge Higgs model at the multicritical point, and found that the multicritical XY behavior at the MCP is controlled by the duality properties of the model and shows an effective enlargement of the symmetry to the continuous group O(2).
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Claudio Bonati, Alessio Franchi
Summary: We investigate the interplay between local and global symmetries in two-dimensional lattice scalar theories. We find that the continuum limit of these models corresponds to the gauged nonlinear ?? model field theory associated with the real Grassmannian manifold in some cases. Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling analyses confirm the emergence of the color-flavor reflection symmetry in the scaling limit and support the identification of the continuum limit.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Claudio Bonati, Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari
Summary: This study investigates the continuum limit of the three-dimensional multicomponent Abelian-Higgs field theory in statistical lattice gauge models, and finds that it characterizes the universal behavior at critical transitions in these models.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Claudio Bonati, Alessio Franchi, Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari
Summary: The study focuses on three-dimensional lattice SU(N-c) gauge theories with complex scalar fields, investigating the Higgs phases, critical behaviors, and the role of quartic scalar potential in determining symmetries. The numerical results suggest the existence of charged critical behaviors for N-f > N-f*, with 20 < N-f* < 40 in the case of N-c = 2.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. Frezzotti, G. Gagliardi, V Lubicz, G. Martinelli, F. Sanfilippo, S. Simula
Summary: The low-energy constant l(7) is evaluated through lattice QCD calculations, improving its uncertainty which currently exceeds 50%. Utilizing the RM123 approach and the rotated twisted-mass scheme, the study finds that the matrix element method outperforms the mass method in terms of statistical accuracy. The determination of l(7) is found to be 2.5(1.4) x 10(-3), in agreement with and improving upon previous calculations.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Claudio Bonati, Alessio Franchi, Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari
Summary: This study examines the phase diagram of three-dimensional lattice SU(N-c) gauge theories with multiflavor scalar fields in the adjoint representation, identifying Higgs phases and transition patterns. The role of quartic scalar potential and gauge-group representation in determining Higgs phases and symmetries during transitions is investigated. Numerical analyses confirm the general arguments using Monte Carlo results for models with N-c=3, N-f=2 and N-c=2, N-f=4, which is interesting for describing cuprate superconductors phenomenologically.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Claudio Bonati, Michele Caselle, Silvia Morlacchi
Summary: The study shows that even with string breaking in the three-dimensional SU(2) Higgs model, the confining part of the interquark potential can still be accurately described by effective string theory. Furthermore, the fine details of the effective string, such as higher order terms of the Nambu-Goto action or boundary corrections, can be precisely extracted from fits and agree with the predictions of effective string theory.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Claudio Bonati, Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari
Summary: We studied the effects of gauge-symmetry breaking (GSB) perturbations in three-dimensional lattice gauge theories with scalar fields. The gauge symmetry proves to be quite robust with respect to the GSB perturbation, and we determined the phase diagram of the model which includes one disordered phase and two ordered phases. The behavior at the CP1 gauge-symmetric critical point substantially differs from that at transitions in which gauge correlations become critical.
