Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Emma L. West, Paromita Majumder, Arifa Naeem, Milan Fernando, Michelle O'Hara-Wright, Emily Lanning, Magdalena Kloc, Joana Ribeiro, Patrick Ovando-Roche, Ian O. Shum, Neeraj Jumbu, Robert Sampson, Matt Hayes, James W. B. Bainbridge, Anastasios Georgiadis, Alexander J. Smith, Anai Gonzalez-Cordero, Robin R. Ali
Summary: By using specific conditions and protocols, researchers have successfully achieved improved outer segment formation in hPSC-derived photoreceptors. This has significant implications for the treatment of visual disorders and disease modeling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malgorzata B. Rozanowska, Anna Pawlak, Bartosz Rozanowski
Summary: The study demonstrates that products of DHE oxidation exhibit potent photosensitizing properties similar to those of lipofuscin, including generation of an excited triplet state and photosensitized formation of singlet oxygen and superoxide. The quantum yields of singlet oxygen and superoxide generation by oxidized DHE photoexcited with visible light are higher than for lipofuscin, suggesting that DHE oxidation products may contribute to the photoreactivity of lipofuscin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sun Young Park, Kangmin Park, Jin-Woo Oh, Geuntae Park
Summary: This paper presents a method for synthesizing Tagetes erecta L. gold nanoparticles (TE-GNPs) using an aqueous extract of Tagetes erecta L. The extract serves as a reducing and stabilizing agent with significant antioxidant activity. The TE-GNPs are successfully synthesized and characterized through spectroscopy and microscopy techniques, demonstrating their nanoscale dimensions, stability, and crystalline nature.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Song Yang, Jun Zhou, Dengwen Li
Summary: The retinal pigment epithelium is crucial for visual functions, but damage to its structure and function can lead to various retinopathies with no cure currently available. Understanding the development, function, and pathobiology of the retinal pigment epithelium is essential for preventing and treating retinopathies. This review discusses potential strategies for treatment and provides new perspectives for future research in this field.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuyan Zhou, Jacob Hum, Kaan Taskintuna, Stephanie Olaya, Jeremy Steinman, Junfeng Ma, Nady Golestaneh
Summary: It has been found that the Klotho gene can suppress aging when overexpressed in mice and accelerate aging when deleted. This study demonstrates that Klotho regulates cell viability, mitochondrial gene expression and activity, as well as RPE/retinal resistance to oxidative stress. These findings highlight the important role of Klotho in aging and retinal health.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xiuxiu Jin, Jingyang Liu, Weiping Wang, Jiangfeng Li, Guangming Liu, Ruiqi Qiu, Mingzhu Yang, Meng Liu, Lin Yang, Xiaofeng Du, Bo Lei
Summary: This study analyzed the molecular changes of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells during aging through quantitative proteomic analysis. The findings suggest that protein ubiquitination related to RNF123 and RNF149 plays a crucial role in protecting RPE cells from oxidative damage.
GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kristine A. Tsantilas, Whitney M. Cleghorn, Celia M. Bisbach, Jeremy A. Whitson, Daniel T. Hass, Brian M. Robbings, Martin Sadilek, Jonathan D. Linton, Austin M. Rountree, Ana P. Valencia, Mariya T. Sweetwyne, Matthew D. Campbell, Huiliang Zhang, Connor S. R. Jankowski, Ian R. Sweet, David J. Marcinek, Peter S. Rabinovitch, James B. Hurley
Summary: The study revealed that aged mice had reduced retinal responses to light stimuli, with relatively stable metabolic flux and ATP levels in retinal tissues. However, there was a decrease in glutamine utilization in the Krebs Cycle in eyecups while other metabolic parameters remained constant. This suggests that external factors may play a role in influencing ocular metabolism in vivo.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeremie Canonica, Min Zhao, Tatiana Favez, Emmanuelle Gelize, Laurent Jonet, Laura Kowalczuk, Justine Guegan, Damien Le Menuet, Say Viengchareun, Marc Lombes, Eric Pussard, Yvan Arsenijevic, Francine Behar-Cohen
Summary: Glucocorticoids are commonly used drugs to treat retinal diseases, but the transcriptional regulations induced by GR and MR activation in RPE cells are not well understood. The study found that in the human eye, cortisol is the main ligand for GR and MR, and genes regulated by aldosterone and cortisol + RU-486 can mimic an imbalance toward MR activation. This activation in RPE cells may contribute to retinal pathology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhongjie Fu, Lois E. H. Smith
Summary: Pathologic angiogenesis in eye diseases leading to blindness can be attributed to cell senescence, as demonstrated by the bioinformatics study conducted by Crespo-Garcia, Tsuruda, and Dejda. Their findings were validated in human and mouse retina models, where clearance of senescent cells effectively suppressed neovessel growth.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Shu-Chun Kuo, Chung-Ching Chio, Chao-Hung Yeh, Jui-Ti Ma, Wen-Pin Liu, Mao-Tsun Lin, Kao-Chang Lin, Ching-Ping Chang
Summary: In vivo and in vitro studies showed that A beta(1-42) oligomer affects retinal morphology and cell viability, leading to dysmorphological changes and decreased expression of tight junction proteins. Conditioned medium from mesenchymal stem cells protected against A beta-induced retinal pathology by influencing various signaling pathways and protein expressions. Secretomes from MSC-CM might have potential therapeutic implications in age-related macular degeneration.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kei Takahashi, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa, Hideaki Hara
Summary: This study characterized the retinal phenotype in mature PGRN knockout mice, showing reduced a-wave amplitude and outer nuclear thickness in Grn(-/-) mice compared to wild-type mice. Increased accumulation of retinal microglial cells on the RPE apical layer and changes in lysosomal protein expression were observed in Grn(-/-) mice, indicating a potential modulation of microglial dynamics in PGRN deficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ignacio Ramirez-Pardo, Beatriz Villarejo-Zori, Juan Ignacio Jimenez-Loygorri, Elena Sierra-Filardi, Sandra Alonso-Gil, Guillermo Marino, Pedro de la Villa, Patrick S. Fitze, Jose Manuel Fuentes, Ramon Garcia-Escudero, Deborah A. Ferrington, Raquel Gomez-Sintes, Patricia Boya
Summary: Macroautophagy/autophagy is a key process in maintaining cellular homeostasis, and a decline in retinal autophagy has been associated with photoreceptor degeneration. A study on mice with a haploinsufficiency for Ambra1, a pro-autophagic gene, has shown an accelerated aging phenotype in the retina, with protein aggregation, metabolic underperformance, and premature vision loss. These findings emphasize the importance of autophagy in supporting RPE-retinal metabolism and protecting against stress and physiological aging.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Perrine Vermonden, Matthias Vancoppenolle, Emeline Dierge, Eric Mignolet, Geraldine Cuvelier, Bernard Knoops, Melissa Page, Cathy Debier, Olivier Feron, Yvan Larondelle
Summary: Plant-derived conjugated linolenic acids (CLnA), especially punicic acid (PunA) found in pomegranate seed oil, have been shown to have anti-cancer effects. PunA is highly cytotoxic to colorectal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells, triggering ferroptosis. Combining PunA with the known anticancer fatty acid DHA synergistically increases its cytotoxicity. This highlights the potential of using PunA as a ferroptosis-sensitizing phytochemical for cancer prevention and treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malgorzata B. Rozanowska, Bartosz Rozanowski
Summary: This study investigated the response of lipofuscin in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to visible light and the potential role of docosahexaenoate (DHA) in lipofuscin fluorescence upon oxidation. The results showed that exposure to visible light led to a decrease in long-wavelength fluorescence and an increase in short-wavelength fluorescence in lipofuscin. Additionally, the fluorescence changes in lipofuscin-laden cells resembled those observed during photodegradation of isolated lipofuscin. These findings suggest that fluorescence emission spectra and quantitation of long-wavelength fluorescence intensity can serve as markers for lipofuscin quantification and monitoring oxidation, which could be useful for screening retinal health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Jie Cheng, Casey J. Keuthan, Noriko Esumi
Summary: SIRT6 is a versatile protein that plays a key role in maintaining cellular and organismal homeostasis. It has various functions in gene silencing, metabolism, DNA repair, antioxidant defense, inflammation, aging and longevity, early development, stress response, macrophage polarization, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Recent studies have revealed its critical functions in the retina and RPE, such as regulating energy metabolism, protecting against oxidative stress, and participating in early neurodegenerative events in diabetic retinopathy.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Girgis Obaid, Menitte Eroy, Jie Zhao, Shazia Bano, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Tayyaba Hasan
Summary: The presence of desmoplasia in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with poor treatment outcomes and reduced drug delivery. By analyzing collagen subtypes in PDAC tumors following different treatment regimens, immunofluorescence profiling can predict long-term survival and tumor growth inhibition. This information can aid in personalized treatment and improve patient survival.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fatemeh Malekpour, Rashin Bahrami, Mahshid Hodjat, Neda Hakimiha, Behnam Bolhari, Aidin Sooratgar, Soheil Niavarzi
Summary: This study investigated the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy using an 808 nm diode laser on cellular modulation mechanisms in regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). The results showed that PBM treatment significantly increased cell viability and migration, and enhanced the release of TGF-131 from dentin.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pranathi Tata, Ramakrishnan Ganesan, Jayati Ray Dutta
Summary: Thin film coatings with potent antibacterial properties are widely used in medical devices, frequently touched surfaces, and food packaging. However, achieving antibacterial performance under both light and dark conditions remains a challenge. In this study, we successfully prepared AgBr-coated ZnO nanorod thin film architecture using a unique surfactant-mediated solution-phase spin-coating approach. The resulting structures showed dual functionality as antimicrobial agents and photosensitizers, effectively enhancing the visible-light photodisinfection efficacy of ZnO nanorods. The concentration of the surfactant-based precursor solution could be modulated to control the AgBr content. Additionally, components like urea and lactic acid were found to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of the structures.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY
(2024)