Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Joshua D. Martin, J. Carlson, Vincenzo Cirigliano, Huaiyu Duan
Summary: Our study investigates the impact of nonzero neutrino splitting and elastic neutrino-nucleon collisions on fast neutrino oscillations. We found that small neutrino mass splitting and the neutrino mass hierarchy have minimal effects on fast oscillation waves, which can propagate near the neutrino sphere essentially unimpeded but are damped on larger scales. This damping is due to modifications in the dispersion relation of the oscillation waves in the neutrino medium and flattening of the neutrino angular distributions over time.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hirokazu Sasaki, Tomoya Takiwaki
Summary: The equilibration of neutrino-antineutrino oscillations in dense matter is sensitive to the values of the baryon density and the electron fraction, with oscillations being suppressed in neutron- (proton)-rich matter with large baryon density. However, flavor equilibration can still occur when the electron fraction is close to 0.5 even in high baryon density. The necessary condition for equilibration suggests that a magnetic field larger than 10^14 G near the protoneutron star could allow for flavor equilibration.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zewei Xiong, Yong-Zhong Qian
Summary: The paper presents a method to find stationary solutions for fast flavor oscillations of a homogeneous dense neutrino gas, which can account for numerical results of explicit evolution calculations and provide average survival probabilities with the simplest assumption of adiabatic evolution. The paper also discusses the improvement of these solutions and their use as estimates of the effects of fast oscillations in astrophysical environments.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Huaiyu Duan, Joshua D. Martin, Sivaprasad Omanakuttan
Summary: This study investigates flavor oscillations of fast neutrinos in core-collapse supernovae or binary neutron star mergers, finding nontrivial solutions through numerical calculations and nonlinear analysis. The results suggest the existence of a coherent flavor isospin wave similar to a magnetic spin wave in a lattice of magnetic dipoles.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alex G. Dias, Julio Leite, Diego S. Goncalves
Summary: The proposed gauged two-Higgs-doublet model with an anomalous Peccei-Quinn symmetry, U(1)(PQ), prohibits dangerous tree-level flavor-changing neutral currents common in two-Higgs-doublet models by an extra gauge symmetry, U(1)(X). Neutrino masses are generated through a Dirac seesaw mechanism and their suppression is related to the breaking scales of U(1)(X) and U(1)(PQ), suggesting potential observable signals in near-future experiments. The associated axion in the model may account for cold dark matter abundance with expected sensitivities of forthcoming axion searches.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Takaaki Nomura, Hiroshi Okada
Summary: The proposed model utilizes A(4) symmetry to restrict the structure of the neutrino mass matrix in the lepton sector, making predictions that satisfy lepton flavor violations and neutrino oscillation data. Additionally, the model discusses muon anomalous magnetic moment and briefly mentions dark matter candidates.
Review
Physics, Nuclear
Irene Tamborra, Shashank Shalgar
Summary: Neutrino-neutrino refraction plays a key role in flavor evolution in core-collapse supernovae, neutron star mergers, and the early Universe. Pairwise neutrino scattering can lead to collective flavor conversions, regulated by the neutrino number density and angular distributions of electron neutrinos and antineutrinos. Fast pairwise conversions, often overlooked, could impact the hydrodynamics of astrophysical sources and the synthesis of heavy elements near the neutrino decoupling region.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE, VOL 71, 2021
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Balachandra Suri
Summary: This theoretical study investigates spatial symmetries and bifurcations in a two-dimensional flow consisting of square vortices, revealing a sequence of symmetry-breaking bifurcations leading to the formation of asymmetric flows under different spatial symmetries. The analysis uncovers a range of pitchfork and Hopf bifurcations, resulting in steady or time-dependent asymmetric flows, as well as different types of flows emerging from symmetry-breaking bifurcations. The research provides new theoretical insights into experimental observations in quasi-two-dimensional square vortex flows.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Srimanta Maity, Garima Arora
Summary: The melting process of two-dimensional Yukawa crystals induced by external perturbations has been explored using molecular dynamics simulations. It is shown that transverse surface waves are generated below a certain threshold value of initial perturbation, but the crystalline order remains. However, above the threshold value, the crystalline order structure breaks and melts. This research provides important insights into the experimental observations of plasma crystals.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Debjani Chatterjee, Amar P. Misra, Samiran Ghosh
Summary: The influence of neutrino flavor oscillations on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves and instabilities in neutrino-beam driven magnetoplasmas is studied. The authors derive a general dispersion relation using the neutrino MHD model, which shows the resonant interactions between MHD waves, neutrino beam, and neutrino flavor oscillations. It is found that neutrino flavor oscillations contribute to the wave dispersion and enhance the instability of oblique magnetosonic waves. However, the shear-Alfven wave remains unaffected. This enhancement of magnetosonic wave instability can be significant for long-wavelength perturbations in high neutrino number density and/or strong magnetic field regimes, providing a convincing mechanism for type-II core-collapse supernova explosion.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Joshua D. Martin, A. Roggero, Huaiyu Duan, J. Carlson, V Cirigliano
Summary: This paper investigates coherent quantum neutrino oscillations in extreme astrophysical environments, comparing mean-field and many-body evolutions to reveal their relationships, and discovers intriguing connections between quantum information measures and the behavior of physical observables.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhiyao Zhuo, Hao Chen, Junhui Huang, Shulun Li, Jian Wang, Kun Ding, Haiqiao Ni, Zhichuan Niu, Desheng Jiang, Xiuming Dou, Baoquan Sun
Summary: By transferring QD films onto a Si substrate covered by Ag nanoparticles, an ultralong lifetime exciton emission in InAs/GaAs single quantum dots has been achieved. The long lifetime is attributed to the existence of a dark state in the wetting layer, which is induced by the destructive interference between the exciton emission field and the induced dipole field of the Ag nanoparticles. The classical dipole oscillator model is used for quantitative calculation and simulation of the spontaneous radiation decay rate of the excitons in the wetting layer.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pablo Ares, Yi Bo Wang, Colin R. Woods, James Dougherty, Laura Fumagalli, Francisco Guinea, Benny Davidovitch, Kostya S. Novoselov
Summary: Nonlinear mechanics of solids is an exciting field that involves beautiful mathematics, instabilities, complex patterns, and various applications. By studying the formation of wrinkles in two-dimensional crystals and van der Waals heterostructures, researchers can gain finer control over parameters and offer atomistic interpretations of experimental observations. The relationship between the bending rigidity of the top membrane and the strength of the vdW interaction is shown to influence the number of radial wrinkles, demonstrating a nontrivial dependence on the number of layers and the alignment between the substrate and the membrane.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yu-Chia Lin, Huaiyu Duan
Summary: We investigate collision-induced flavor instability in homogeneous, isotropic, dense neutrino gases with energy-dependent scattering. We find a simple expression for the growth rate of this instability, which depends on collision rates and the lepton number distribution of the neutrinos. The growth rate is independent of neutrino properties such as mass splitting and vacuum-mixing angle, as well as the matter density and neutrino density. Our results suggest that collision-induced flavor conversions can occur deep inside a core-collapse supernova, even when collective flavor oscillations are suppressed.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Eduardo Becerra-Garcia, Abdel Perez-Lorenzana
Summary: A sterile neutrino in the 3+1 scheme is a natural source to explain neutrino anomalies not solely explained by weak active neutrinos. This study explores the predictions for the Dirac CP phases in this scenario, finding that current limits on δ(CP) suggest a normal hierarchy and a lightest neutrino scale below 0.1 eV as the most plausible explanation. Additionally, other Dirac phases are shown to be non-zero as well.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)