Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amanda J. Page
Summary: Gastrointestinal vagal afferents play a crucial role in regulating food intake, under the control of circadian rhythms. Disruption of these rhythms by factors like diet-induced obesity and shift work can be mitigated by time-restricted feeding, offering a potential strategy to reset diurnal rhythms.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kento Ohbayashi, Yukiko Oyama, Chiharu Yamaguchi, Toshiki Asano, Toshihiko Yada, Yusaku Iwasaki
Summary: This study found that gastrointestinal distension stimulates GLP-1 secretion and vagal afferent signaling, regulating feeding behavior and glucose tolerance, and has a positive effect on obesity induced by high-fat diet.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Arnaldo Mercado-Perez, Arthur Beyder
Summary: Mechanosensation is crucial for normal gastrointestinal tract function and is often disrupted in gastrointestinal diseases. The gut contains various mechanosensory cells that can detect mechanical stimuli and coordinate physiological responses. Recent discoveries of mechanosensory molecules and understanding of related circuits have advanced our knowledge in this field.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Shinyoung Jun, Jeonghee Lee, Jeongseon Kim
Summary: This cohort study examines the correlation between dietary fiber intake and the development of gastrointestinal tract cancer among Korean adults.
Review
Neurosciences
Sarah-Jane Leigh, Friederike Uhlig, Lars Wilmes, Paula Sanchez-Diaz, Cassandra E. Gheorghe, Michael S. Goodson, Nancy Kelley-Loughnane, Niall P. Hyland, John F. Cryan, Gerard Clarke
Summary: The physiological consequences of stress often affect the gastrointestinal tract, and understanding the mechanisms behind these effects is important in the fields of neurogastroenterology and psychiatry. Stress-induced changes in the gut can increase susceptibility to gastrointestinal disorders and impair gut-brain communication. The gut microbiota is also sensitive to the effects of stress. This review focuses on different aspects of the gastrointestinal tract, including gut barrier function and gut-brain communication, and discusses the evidence for a role of stress in gastrointestinal disorders.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elly Steenbergen, Anne Krijger, Janneke Verkaik-Kloosterman, Liset E. M. Elstgeest, Sovianne ter Borg, Koen F. M. Joosten, Caroline T. M. van Rossum
Summary: Improving dietary habits at a young age can prevent adverse health outcomes. A study on Dutch toddlers found that while most had adequate nutrient intake, there were high and low intake levels for certain nutrients. Many toddlers used dietary supplements and consumed mainly unhealthy products, indicating a need for a shift towards a healthier diet to prevent negative health impacts.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Olga Kubrak, Takashi Koyama, Nadja Ahrentlov, Line Jensen, Alina Malita, Muhammad T. Naseem, Mette Lassen, Stanislav Nagy, Michael J. Texada, Kenneth Halberg, Kim Rewitz
Summary: This study investigates how the gut regulates metabolism and behavior through gut-derived hormones to maintain energy balance in fruit flies. The researchers found that the gut senses nutrient stress and secretes allatostatin C, which then activates the secretion of glucagon-like adipokinetic hormone to coordinate food intake and energy mobilization. Loss of this regulatory mechanism impairs lipid and sugar mobilization and leads to hypoglycemia.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yan Zou, Lichun Huang, Dong Zhao, Mengjie He, Dan Han, Danting Su, Ronghua Zhang
Summary: Children and adolescents with overweight/obesity have a higher intake of carbohydrates, especially from the food group of cereals, tubers, and beans. Snacks play a significant role in the high intake of the food group of cereals, tubers, and beans among children and adolescents with overweight/obesity.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Agnese Codutti, Jonas Cremer, Karen Alim
Summary: Small intestine motility and flow play a crucial role in nutrient absorption and bacterial growth. Our observations on mice suggest that the average flow velocity is the key factor affecting absorption efficiency and bacterial growth.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicholas DiPatrizio
Summary: The gut-brain signaling system, particularly the endocannabinoid system in the upper gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in controlling food intake and the dysregulation of this system is associated with obesity. Direct and indirect interactions between endocannabinoids and vagal afferent neurons are key mechanisms in this control, with a focus on how diet-induced obesity impacts these pathways.
Review
Biology
Ayelen Melisa Blanco, Jessica Calo, Jose Luis Soengas
Summary: The gut and brain communicate and influence each other through the gut-brain axis, regulating food intake and physiological processes. Studies on this axis in non-mammalian vertebrates are limited, and gaps in knowledge need to be filled to better understand its function and significance.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Javier Aguilera-Lizarraga
Summary: Abdominal pain, a common symptom worldwide, often occurs after food ingestion. Current treatment strategies mainly focus on excluding culprit food(s) from the diet. However, this approach has limitations, as patients may recognize multiple food items and not all offending foods can be identified. Newly identified mechanisms involving neuroimmune interactions and intestinal microbiota communication are important for developing new therapeutic strategies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Williams Turpin, Mei Dong, Gila Sasson, Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay, Osvaldo Espin-Garcia, Sun-Ho Lee, Anna Neustaeter, Michelle Smith, Haim Leibovitzh, David S. Guttman, Ashleigh Goethel, Anne M. Griffiths, Hien Q. Huynh, Levinus A. Dieleman, Remo Panaccione, A. Hillary Steinhart, Mark S. Silverberg, Guy Aumais, Kevan Jacobson, David Mack, Sanjay K. Murthy, John K. Marshall, Charles N. Bernstein, Maria T. Abreu, Paul Moayyedi, Andrew D. Paterson, Wei Xu, Kenneth Croitoru
Summary: The study found that Mediterranean-like dietary patterns are associated with specific microbial compositions and lower levels of intestinal inflammation, providing insights for future dietary strategies to impact microbial composition and host gut inflammation to prevent diseases.
Review
Neurosciences
Amanda J. Page
Summary: Gastrointestinal vagal afferents play a crucial role in regulating food intake by responding to short-term and long-term changes in nutritional demand. However, this plasticity is disrupted in disease states such as obesity and chronic stress.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Williams Turpin, Mei Dong, Gila Sasson, Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay, Osvaldo Espin-Garcia, Sun-Ho Lee, Anna Neustaeter, Michelle Smith, Haim Leibovitzh, David S. Guttman, Ashleigh Goethel, Anne M. Griffiths, Hien Q. Huynh, Levinus A. Dieleman, Remo Panaccione, A. Hillary Steinhart, Mark S. Silverberg, Guy Aumais, Kevan Jacobson, David Mack, Sanjay K. Murthy, John K. Marshall, Charles N. Bernstein, Maria T. Abreu, Paul Moayyedi, Andrew D. Paterson, Wei Xu, Kenneth Croitoru
Summary: Mediterranean-like dietary patterns are associated with specific gut microbial compositions and lower levels of intestinal inflammation.
