Article
Microbiology
Katarzyna Dudek, Ewelina Szacawa, Magdalena Wasiak, Dariusz Bednarek, Michal Reichert
Summary: This study investigated the effects of pegbovigrastim injection on peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves experimentally infected with M. bovis. The results showed that pegbovigrastim significantly stimulated an increase in granulocyte and monocyte counts and activity, indicating a potential beneficial effect on the immunity of the affected animals.
Article
Fisheries
Shun Yang, Yuanxin Ma, Xiaocong Lou, Zhewei Zhou, Huimin Zhang, Shunfa Yi, Yan Cheng, Shichao Qian, Mengmeng Huang, Hui Fei
Summary: The phagocytic capacity of largemouth bass leukocytes, particularly granulocytes/monocytes, was observed against fluorescent microspheres and Aeromonas hydrophila. Up-regulation of phagocytosis-related genes and TNF-alpha was observed in the leukocytes following A. hydrophila stimulation. Recombinantly expressed TNF-alpha in largemouth bass significantly enhanced the phagocytic ability of granulocytes/monocytes and increased their ROS activity, while also inducing apoptosis.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Fernandez, Alicia de Coo, Ines Quintela, Eliane Garcia, Marcio Diniz-Freitas, Jacobo Limeres, Pedro Diz, Juan Blanco, Angel Carracedo, Raquel Cruz
Summary: This study identified genetic variations associated with periodontitis in individuals with Down syndrome. Genes such as PIWIL, MIR9-2, LHCGR, TPR and BCR were highlighted at the gene level. Signaling pathways like PI3K-Akt, long-term depression, and FoxO showed significance in the pathogenesis of periodontitis in DS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhuoyi Liao, Tian Zhao, Ningxiang Wang, Jiaqi Chen, Weibin Sun, Juan Wu
Summary: Periodontal Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (pEDS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by severe early-onset periodontitis and other symptoms. This study used transcriptome profiling to identify molecular mechanisms and potential treatment targets for pEDS. The analysis revealed differential gene expression in monocytes of pEDS patients, particularly genes related to inflammation response and immune response.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jhefferson Miranda Alves, Danielle Borges Germano, Yeon Jung Kim, Francisco Antonio Helfenstein Fonseca, Maria Cristina Izar, Izabela Dorota Tuleta, Rogerio Nagai, Neil Ferreira Novo, Yara Juliano, Lucas Melo Neves, Debora Pallos, Carolina Nunes Franca
Summary: Non-surgical periodontal treatment can modulate the phenotype of monocytes to a less inflammatory state, particularly in individuals with diabetes.
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maigualida Cuenca, Maria Jose Marin, Lourdes Novoa, Ana O'Connor, Maria Carmen Sanchez, Juan Blanco, Jacobo Limeres, Mariano Sanz, Pedro Diz, David Herrera
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the subgingival microbiota in patients with Down syndrome, finding that those with periodontitis had higher levels of anaerobic bacteria, T. forsythia, and E. corrodens. Additionally, periodontitis patients were older, had lower rates of hypothyroidism, and higher levels of dental plaque.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Ferrari, Stefano Stagi
Summary: Oxidative stress results from an imbalance in redox state, with DS and WBS being genetic conditions associated with oxidative stress and important causative genes affecting redox regulation. Symptoms such as early aging, dementia, autoimmunity, and chronic inflammation are linked to oxidative stress in these conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. Pilar Bayona-Bafaluy, Nuria Garrido-Perez, Patricia Meade, Eldris Iglesias, Irene Jimenez-Salvador, Julio Montoya, Carmen Martinez-Cue, Eduardo Ruiz-Pesini
Summary: Down syndrome is the most common genomic disorder of intellectual disability caused by trisomy of chromosome 21. Genes in this chromosome repress mitochondrial biogenesis, leading to a defect in oxidative phosphorylation as an early and general event in individuals with Down syndrome. Drugs that enhance mitochondrial biogenesis have been tested in mouse models, showing potential in restoring neurogenesis and cognitive defects associated with Down syndrome.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Pagnotta, Antonella Tramutola, Eugenio Barone, Fabio Di Domenico, Valeria Pittala, Loredana Salerno, Valentina Folgiero, Matteo Caforio, Franco Locatelli, Stefania Petrini, D. Allan Butterfield, Marzia Perluigi
Summary: This study focuses on the role of BACH1/NRF2 ratio in the regulation of antioxidant response and its impact on patients with Down syndrome. The results show that overexpression of BACH1 disrupts the induction of antioxidant response genes, leading to oxidative damage accumulation. Additionally, administration of CAPE and VP961 promotes NRF2 nuclear translocation in cells from Down syndrome patients, improving antioxidant response.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Muhammad G. T. Ahmed, Andreas Limmer, Christoph Sucker, Khaled Mohamed Fares, Sahar Abdel-Baky Mohamed, Ahmed H. Othman, Marc Moritz Berger, Thorsten Brenner, Matthias Hartmann
Summary: This study investigated the expression of CD45 on leukocytes in patients with COVID-19 and healthy volunteers, as well as the impact of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) incubation on CD45 expression. The results showed increased CD45 expression on granulocytes and lymphocytes, and decreased CD45 expression on monocytes in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy individuals. LPS incubation led to changes in CD45 expression on leukocytes in both healthy individuals and COVID-19 patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Muhammad G. T. Ahmed, Andreas Limmer, Matthias Hartmann
Summary: Inflammation regulates the expression of CD45 in leukocytes, and this study investigated the effect of inflammation on the expression of CD45 subtypes in different cell types. The results showed that CD45RA expression was reduced in granulocytes of postoperative and septic patients, while CD45RO expression was reduced in lymphocytes. The diagnostic and pathophysiologic implications of these findings should be further studied.
Review
Cell Biology
Nina V. Vorobjeva, Maria A. Chelombitko, Galina F. Sud'ina, Roman A. Zinovkin, Boris V. Chernyak
Summary: Granulocytes, the most abundant circulating cells in the innate immune system, play crucial roles in combating pathogens and regulating immune response. Despite having few mitochondria, they are involved in effector functions, cytokine production, and apoptosis.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Xiaoxue Wang, Yilin Luo, Yanlan Huang, Zhiheng Jin, Zhichao Li, Junyu Chen, Fei Hu, Xueyang Zhang, Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
Summary: The study revealed that microbiota-derived metabolites associated with periodontitis aggravated colitis in mice, with isoleucine being a key metabolite involved in this process.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zongshan Shen, Shuhong Kuang, Min Zhang, Xin Huang, Jiayao Chen, Meiliang Guan, Wei Qin, Hockin H. K. Xu, Zhengmei Lin
Summary: The study showed that Diabetes-associated periodontitis is closely related to persistently elevated levels of CCL2 and proinflammatory monocyte infiltration in periodontal tissues. Oral administration of bindarit reduced bone loss and increased epithelial thickness by suppressing inflammation in periodontal tissues. Bindarit also suppressed the infiltration of proinflammatory monocytes and altered the inflammatory properties of macrophages in the diabetic periodontium.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Genni Enza Marcovecchio, Francesca Ferrua, Elena Fontana, Stefano Beretta, Marco Genua, Ileana Bortolomai, Anastasia Conti, Davide Montin, Maria Teresa Cascarano, Sonia Bergante, Veronica D'Oria, Alessandro Giamberti, Donato Amodio, Caterina Cancrini, Adriano Carotti, Raffaella Di Micco, Ivan Merelli, Marita Bosticardo, Anna Villa
Summary: Down syndrome (DS) patients exhibit clinical manifestations associated with aging earlier than usual, with their immune system declining prematurely. Cellular senescence is hypothesized to contribute to early thymic involution and immune dysregulation in DS. Thymic tissue analysis in DS patients showed signs of accelerated thymic aging, with gene expression alterations related to stress response, epigenetic regulation, and senescence. Senescence markers and oxidative stress were detected in DS thymic epithelial cells, thymocytes, and T cells, highlighting the role of cellular senescence in immune dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
