Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nogah Nativ-Zeltzer, Rumi Ueha, Yuval Nachalon, Betty Ma, Gabrielle Pastenkos, Clay Swackhamer, Gail M. Bornhorst, Maureen A. Lefton-Greif, Johnathon D. Anderson, Peter C. Belafsky
Summary: The study found that recurrent aspiration of small amounts of thickened water resulted in significant pulmonary inflammation in a murine model of aspiration, supporting the need for further investigation of liquid thickener safety and its efficacy in reducing the pulmonary complications of swallowing disorders.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yayoi Gotoh, Yoshiyuki Tabata, Shinya Sugiura, Michiko Obara, Takashi Tomita, Toshio Suzuki
Summary: Yoghurt made with Lactococcus cremoris subsp. cremoris FC, which has a characteristic viscous texture, was assessed as a food deglutition aid. Results showed that the addition of yoghurt or food thickener reduced the dissolution rate of famotidine, but there was no significant difference in plasma famotidine levels between the test groups. Therefore, using yoghurt as a deglutition aid may be a suitable alternative method.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Huaiwen Yang, Chai-Chun Tsai, Jung-Shiun Jiang, Chi-Chung Hua
Summary: Combining apple pectin with xanthan gum to create thickeners can result in matrices suitable for individuals with dysphagia, displaying fluid-like or gel-like properties at different concentrations. The composite matrix shows superior hardness and viscosity values compared to single thickener matrices, potentially serving as a promising formulation base for future applications.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Myoung Kyoung Kim, Tae Yeon Jeon, Kyunga Kim, Yu Jin Kim, So-Young Yoo, Ji Hye Kim, Yun Sil Chang, Sanghoon Lee, Jeong-Meen Seo, Sung-Hoon Moon
Summary: This study investigated the clinical outcomes of ultrasound-detected perforated NEC without radiographic pneumoperitoneum in very preterm infants. The study found that very preterm infants with US-detected perforated NEC without radiographic pneumoperitoneum had a lower risk of death before discharge. This suggests that bowel ultrasounds may have a potential role in surgical decision-making for infants with advanced NEC.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine E. Chetta, Katherine G. Vincent, Bresney Fanning, Ashley B. Klumb, Justin A. Chetta, Allison M. Rohrer, Leslie H. Spence, Jeanne G. Hill
Summary: This study examined whether delayed receipt of antibiotics is associated with disease severity in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The timing of antibiotic administration in medical and surgical NEC cases was compared in a retrospective, single-center cohort study. Delayed antibiotic receipt was more common in surgical NEC cases, and every hour of delay increased the odds of surgical NEC. Further studies are warranted to investigate if optimizing antibiotic timing can improve intestinal outcomes.
Article
Polymer Science
Huaiwen Yang, Yuhsien Lin
Summary: This study found that nectars thickened with TS exhibited the best water holding and oil binding capacities, solubility index, and swelling power, while those thickened with HDP showed higher viscoelastic properties during thermal processing.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Akapong Kongjaroen, Pawadee Methacanon, Nispa Seetapan, Asira Fuongfuchat, Chaiwut Gamonpilas, Katsuyoshi Nishinari
Summary: This study investigated the rheological effects of different dispersing media on thickened liquids prepared with xanthan gum or guar gum-based thickening powders. The results showed that the dispersing media had a significant impact on the zero shear viscosity, but had little effect on the high shear viscosity. Additionally, the dispersing media had a significant effect on the extensional rheological characteristics, with apple juice and milk weakening the extensional property of xanthan gum-based thickened beverages, and milk enhancing the extensional property of guar gum-based thickened beverages.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xiliang Yu, Yue Wang, Wenyu Zhao, Shouwei Li, Jinfeng Pan, Sangeeta Prakash, Xiuping Dong
Summary: The effects of different KGM/XG ratios on the properties of cooked sturgeon pastes were investigated. The pastes demonstrated shear-thinning behavior and viscoelasticity, making them suitable for 3D printing. The texture properties of the pastes were significantly improved with different KGM/XG ratios and met the requirements for transitional foods in the IDDSI framework. Cross-linking between proteins through hydrogen bonding was promoted by the addition of KGM/XG, strengthening the network structure.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jaechun Park, Byoungseung Yoo
Summary: Thickened barium liquids (TBL) prepared with xanthan gum-based thickener and barium powder exhibited significantly higher rheological parameters compared to thickened non-barium liquids (TNL). The thixotropy loops of TBL decreased with increasing thickener concentration, indicating a lower degree of shearing-induced structure breakdown at higher concentrations. The rheological characteristics of TBL were more strongly influenced by thickener concentration, suggesting a strong molecular interaction between XG and barium at high concentrations.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Johannes W. W. Duess, Maame E. E. Sampah, Carla M. M. Lopez, Koichi Tsuboi, Daniel J. J. Scheese, Chhinder P. P. Sodhi, David J. J. Hackam
Summary: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease in premature infants, caused by dietary and bacterial factors in a vulnerable host. Intestinal perforation can lead to severe infection and sepsis. Toll-like receptor 4 has been identified as a critical regulator of NEC development. This review article presents recent findings on microbial signaling, the immature immune system, intestinal ischemia, systemic inflammation, and potential therapeutic approaches.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessie Morgan, Lauren Young, William McGuire
Summary: The delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds beyond four days after birth may not reduce the risk of necrotising enterocolitis or death in very preterm or VLBW infants. It may slightly reduce feed intolerance and probably increase the risk of invasive infection.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhenbin Liu, Xi Chen, Quanyu Dai, Dan Xu, Liangbin Hu, Hongbo Li, Subrota Hati, Bimal Chitrakar, Lishan Yao, Haizhen Mo
Summary: With the increasing prevalence of chewing/swallowing difficulties in the elderly population, there is a growing demand for dysphagia diets. This study explored the use of 3D printing technology to create visually appealing dysphagia diets based on pea protein isolate (PPI) and xanthan gum (XG). The addition of XG at different rates was found to affect the microstructure, mechanical properties, and compatibility between PPI and XG. The results showed that a 0.3% XG addition demonstrated high printing precision and sensory evaluation, making it suitable for a pureed/extremely thick dysphagia diet. This research provides valuable insights for the development of attractive dysphagia diets using 3D printing.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Review
Biology
Naser A. Alsharairi
Summary: Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by gut microbial fermentation play a beneficial role in metabolic health. They maintain gut homeostasis, enhance gut barrier integrity, and reduce gut inflammation through epigenetic modifications. Although there is evidence of the therapeutic implications of SCFA-producing bacteria in infant inflammatory diseases, such as obesity and asthma, its application in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is limited. This literature review aims to summarize the evidence on the therapeutic potential of gut microbiota and SCFAs in neonatal NEC.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Liqing Qiu, Min Zhang, Bhesh Bhandari, Bimal Chitrakar, Lu Chang
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of using apple and rose as raw materials for 3D printed dysphagic foods, with the addition of xanthan gum and basil seed gum. The results showed that the addition of gums improved the physical properties and self-supporting ability of the ink, and the effects varied with different proportions of gums.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Martin L. Blakely, Jon E. Tyson, Kevin P. Lally, Susan R. Hintz, Barry Eggleston, David K. Stevenson, Gail E. Besner, Abhik Das, Robin K. Ohls, William E. Truog, Leif D. Nelin, Brenda B. Poindexter, Claudia Pedroza, Michele C. Walsh, Barbara J. Stoll, Rachel Geller, Kathleen A. Kennedy, Reed A. Dimmitt, Waldemar A. Carlo, C. Michael Cotten, Abbot R. Laptook, Krisa P. Van Meurs, Kara L. Calkins, Gregory M. Sokol, Pablo J. Sanchez, Myra H. Wyckoff, Ravi M. Patel, Ivan D. Frantz, Seetha Shankaran, Carl T. D'Angio, Bradley A. Yoder, Edward F. Bell, Kristi L. Watterberg, Colin A. Martin, Carroll M. Harmon, Henry Rice, Arlet G. Kurkchubasche, Karl Sylvester, James C. Y. Dunn, Troy A. Markel, Diana L. Diesen, Amina M. Bhatia, Alan Flake, Walter J. Chwals, Rebeccah Brown, Kathryn D. Bass, Shawn D. St Peter, Christina M. Shanti, Walter Pegoli, David Skarda, Joel Shilyansky, David G. Lemon, Ricardo A. Mosquera, Myriam Peralta-Carcelen, Ricki F. Goldstein, Betty R. Vohr, Isabell B. Purdy, Abbey C. Hines, Nathalie L. Maitre, Roy J. Heyne, Sara B. DeMauro, Elisabeth C. McGowan, Kimberly Yolton, Howard W. Kilbride, Girija Natarajan, Kelley Yost, Sarah Winter, Tarah T. Colaizy, Matthew M. Laughon, Satyanarayana Lakshminrusimha, Rosemary D. Higgins
Summary: The study found that initial surgical treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or isolated intestinal perforation (IP) did not result in overall differences in death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) rates in premature infants. However, the impact of initial treatment varied depending on the preoperative diagnosis of NEC or IP.
