Article
Pediatrics
C. P. Rath, G. Athalye-Jape, E. Nathan, D. Doherty, S. Rao, S. Patole
Summary: This study compares the outcomes of preterm infants in different epochs and finds that routine probiotic supplementation has sustained benefits in reducing necrotising enterocolitis and mortality.
Article
Microbiology
Allison K. Guitor, Efrah Yousuf, Amogelang R. Raphenya, Eileen K. Hutton, Katherine M. Morrison, Andrew G. McArthur, Gerard D. Wright, Jennifer C. Stearns
Summary: Probiotic supplementation reduces the prevalence and persistence of antibiotic resistance genes in preterm infants, improving the diversity of their gut microbiome.
Article
Pediatrics
David B. Healy, Benjamin Campbell-Green, Vicki Livingstone, C. Anthony Ryan, R. Paul Ross, Catherine Stanton, Eugene M. Dempsey
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined outcome of death and/or severe grade necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in very preterm infants before and after the introduction of routine supplementation with Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotics. The results showed a reduction in the composite outcome of severe grade NEC and/or death after the introduction of routine administration of probiotics.
Article
Microbiology
Jumana Samara, Shirin Moossavi, Belal Alshaikh, Van A. Ortega, Veronika Kucharova Pettersen, Tahsin Ferdous, Suzie L. Hoops, Amuchou Soraisham, Joseph Vayalumkal, Deonne Dersch-Mills, Jeffrey S. Gerber, Sagori Mukhopadhyay, Karen Puopolo, Thomas A. Tompkins, Dan Knights, Jens Walter, Harish Amin, Marie-Claire Arrieta
Summary: Probiotics have positive effects on gut microbiome assembly and immunity in premature infants, accelerating microbiome maturation and improving intestinal immune environment.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ayoub Mitha, Sofia Soderquist Kruth, Sara Bjurman, Alexander Rakow, Stefan Johansson
Summary: This retrospective cohort study investigated the effects of probiotics on neonatal morbidities and feeding tolerance in very preterm infants. The results suggest that probiotic supplementation may reduce the risk of adverse outcomes and improve feeding tolerance in this population.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Comilla Sasson, Jason Haukoos
Summary: Treatment of patients in ventricular fibrillation is challenging, and despite advanced cardiac life support interventions, some patients remain in refractory ventricular fibrillation, resulting in difficulties in treatment.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre, Massimiliano Marazzato, Marta Pensa, Maria Teresa Loverro, Michele Quercia, Francesca Lombardi, Federico Schettini, Nicola Laforgia
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a single administration of the SLAB51 probiotic formula in improving oxygenation in premature babies with respiratory distress syndrome. The results showed that the SLAB51-treated group had significantly increased SaO2 levels and SaO2/FiO2 ratio, while the control group showed no changes. Additionally, the study found that SLAB51 can enhance antioxidant responses in intestinal epithelial cells. Therefore, SLAB51 represents a promising approach to manage preterm infants requiring oxygen supplementation.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Felipe A. Souza, Caroline C. L. Nogueira, Andrea J. Silva, Paula S. C. Chagas, Jaqueline S. Fronio
Summary: The study showed that GMA assessment at the age of 5 weeks post term was the most predictive of neuromotor development disorders in at-risk newborns, with a sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 58%, respectively. The single assessment with GMA near the time of NICU discharge seems to be the best time to determine infants who need to be followed more carefully, with the best time point to predict the fidgety movements period being 5 weeks post term.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Luca Bedetti, Licia Lugli, Natascia Bertoncelli, Eugenio Spaggiari, Elisabetta Garetti, Laura Lucaccioni, Federica Cipolli, Alberto Berardi
Summary: Early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) is safe for preterm infants and can be performed in the first few weeks of life, which should reassure healthcare professionals and parents.
Article
Pediatrics
Jacob A. F. Westaway, Roger Huerlimann, Yoga Kandasamy, Catherine M. Miller, Robert Norton, Kyran M. Staunton, David Watson, Donna Rudd
Summary: This study found significant changes in gut flora of premature infants from admission to discharge, with associations with diagnosed disorders, feeding with formula, and other clinical variables. The findings highlight the importance of microbiome in the development of health and disease in preterm infants.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amber Dance
Summary: After a series of well-publicized cases of tenure denials, American academics are reconsidering how to make this embattled academic process more fair.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Amrita Nayak, Caterina Tiozzo, Xinhua Lin, Claudia Mejia, Ellen Gurzenda, Maureen Kim, Nazeeh Hanna
Summary: This study investigates the effects of HM maturation, fortification, and storage conditions on the levels of lactoferrin (LF) and its antibacterial properties. The results show that the highest LF levels are observed in preterm HM during the first week of lactation, but storage at 4 degrees C significantly decreases LF levels. LF levels and antibacterial activity in preterm HM are lower compared to term HM but higher than donor HM even after HM-based fortification.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alicja Kolodziejczyk-Nowotarska, Renata Bokiniec, Joanna Seliga-Siwecka
Summary: A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of monitored vitamin D supplementation in preterm infants. Results showed that a higher percentage of infants in the monitored group had safe vitamin D levels, while potential vitamin D toxicity was observed in the standard treatment group. Therefore, vitamin D intake should be between 800-1000 IU and monitored to avoid overdose.
Article
Immunology
Matthew O'Donnell, Andrew W. Eller, Evan L. Waxman, Cornelius J. Clancy, M. Hong Nguyen
Summary: This article discusses the controversy surrounding the screening of candidemic patients for ocular candidiasis, highlighting the accuracy and safety of indirect funduscopy in diagnosis and the potential impact of positive findings on treatment recommendations. However, the lack of conclusive evidence on the effectiveness of treatment changes in improving outcomes is acknowledged. The authors endorse routine screening and suggest exploring digital fundus photography and teleophthalmology as alternatives to inpatient ophthalmologic consultations in asymptomatic patients.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ting Huang, Zhe Li, Kian Deng Tye, Sze Ngai Chan, Xiaomei Tang, Huijuan Luo, Dongju Wang, Juan Zhou, Xia Duan, Xiaomin Xiao
Summary: Probiotic supplementation does not significantly affect the microbial diversity of pregnant women and infants, but it does significantly alter the structure and properties of the intestinal microbial network. Probiotic supplementation leads to more complex and stable networks in pregnant women, while it weakens the networks in infants.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Tarun Aurora, Audrey Cole, Parul Rai, Paul Lavoie, Carrie Mcivor, Lisa M. Klesges, Guolian Kang, Janaka S. S. Liyanage, Heather M. Brandt, Jane S. Hankins
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a vaccine strategy bundle in increasing HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates in a specialty clinic setting. By implementing the bundle, which included staff education, provider incentives, offering vaccines in clinics, and verifying vaccine completion, the clinic successfully improved HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates among sickle cell disease patients.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nienke M. Halbmeijer, Wes Onland, Jeroen Dudink, Filip Cools, Anne Debeer, Anton H. van Kaam, Manon J. N. L. Benders, Niek E. van der Aa
Summary: In ventilated infants born preterm, high dose systemic hydrocortisone initiated between 7 and 14 days after birth did not have a significant impact on brain development.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine Melton, Jianfang Liu, Hossein Sadeghi, Maureen George, Arlene Smaldone
Summary: This study aims to identify predictors of change in lung function and body weight during health care transition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The study findings highlight the importance of CF RISE program engagement and reducing gaps in care for improving the transition of adolescents and young adults with CF.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Laura A. Duckworth, Kimberly A. Sutton, Nurmohammad Shaikh, Jinli Wang, Carla Hall-Moore, Lori R. Holtz, Phillip I. Tarr, Ronald C. Rubenstein
Summary: The study tested the usefulness of various biomarkers as indicators of gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis (CF) and investigated the repeatability of these measures in individuals over short periods and their correlation with clinical outcomes. The results showed that elevated levels of fLcn2 in individuals with CF may predict worsened pulmonary function.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Lindsey Haack, Nikkan Das, Arvind Hoskoppal, Mark Debrunner, Tarek Alsaied, Gaurav Arora
Summary: RAE on ECG has a low positive predictive value for RAE on echocardiogram in previously healthy young patients. The highest yield for RAE on echocardiogram was observed in patients who were <1 year of age, had RAE in the anterior precordial leads, or displayed right ventricular hypertrophy on ECG.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael A. Padula, Khatija Naing, Tara L. Wenger, Irfan Ahmad, Carl H. Coghill, K. Taylor Wild, S. Alex Rottgers, Cory M. Resnick, Jeffrey Goldstein, Zarmina Ehsan, Donna Watkins, Nicole Deptula, Kuan-Chi Lai, Janet Lioy, Semsa Gogcu, Christopher M. Cielo
Summary: This study describes the spectrum of disease and burden of care in infants with congenital micrognathia. The results show that these infants commonly require surgical intervention and tube feedings, and disparities based on race and among centers were identified.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael P. Fundora, Manvitha Kalicheti, Guantao Zhao, Kevin O. Maher, Nicoleta Serban
Summary: This study investigated the variation of outpatient opioid prescribing in postoperative pediatric cardiac patients across the US. The results showed that there were significant differences in opioid prescribing by race, ethnicity, sex, and region.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Jia Guo, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Leigh Blizzard, Michael D. Schmidt, Terence Dwyer, Alison J. Venn, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: There is a correlation between childhood and adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nianzhou Xiao, Michelle Starr, Adrienne Stolfi, Gilad Hamdani, Shireen Hashmat, Stefan G. Kiessling, Christina Sethna, Mahmoud Kallash, Robyn Matloff, Robert Woroniecki, Keia Sanderson, Ikuyo Yamaguchi, Stephen D. Cha, Michael G. Semanik, Rahul Chanchlani, Joseph T. Flynn, Mark Mitsnefes
Summary: This multicenter study reports that most infants diagnosed with idiopathic hypertension in the NICU will discontinue antihypertensive treatment within 2 years of discharge. Antenatal steroid treatment is associated with a decreased likelihood of needing antihypertensive therapy for more than 1 year.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Kanwaljit Singh, John Concato, Jonathan M. Davis
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Yaxing Meng, Harri Niinikoski, Suvi P. Rovio, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Feitong Wu, Antti Jula, Tapani Ronnemaa, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, Katja Pahkala, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: This 26-year study shows a correlation between early-life non-HDL-C levels and future levels. Early dietary counseling can reduce the risk of high pediatric non-HDL-C, emphasizing the importance of early interventions in preventing cardiovascular risks.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kelsey A. B. Gastineau, Rebecca Bell, Allison Hanes, Sandra Mckay, Eric Sigel, Filoteia Popescu, Evan C. Sommer, Shari Barkin
Summary: This study aimed to assess the self-reported counseling outcomes for a firearm safe storage counseling training program provided by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The results demonstrated significant improvement in counseling self-efficacy and frequency one month after the training.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kathryn E. K. Berlin, William Scott, Sara Dawson, David Brousseau, Joanne M. Lagatta
Summary: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of infants from NICU hospitalization to one year post-discharge. The study found that lower HRQL during NICU stay was associated with earlier gestational age, postnatal corticosteroid usage, outborn status, and gastrostomy tube placement. Lower HRQL at 3 and 12 months post-discharge was associated with readmissions, home oxygen use, parent-reported difficulty breathing, lower developmental scores, and not playing with other children. Most parents reported similar or improved HRQL after discharge, but parents of infants with respiratory symptoms experienced less improvement. Efforts to improve parent HRQL should focus on respiratory symptoms and social isolation.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Garett J. Griffith, Alan P. Wang, Robert I. Liem, Michael R. Carr, Tyler Corson, Kendra Ward
Summary: This study developed reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness in children aged 6-18 years without underlying heart disease, measured by peak oxygen uptake and treadmill time. Fitness levels increased with age in males but not females. Males generally exhibited higher fitness levels compared to females in the same age groups.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
David S. Liu, Patricia Miller, Anna Rothenberg, Carley Vuillermin, Peter M. Waters, Andrea S. Bauer
Summary: This study aims to determine if children with elbow flexion contracture (EFC) caused by brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) are more likely to develop shoulder contracture and undergo surgical treatment. A retrospective review was conducted on children under 2 years old with BPBI who presented to a single children's hospital. The results showed that patients with EFC had reduced shoulder range of motion and higher odds of shoulder contracture and surgical treatment. Prompt referral to a BPBI specialty clinic is recommended for evaluation and potential surgery.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)