Article
Pediatrics
Seung-Han Shin, Ee-Kyung Kim, Seh-Hyun Kim, Hyun-Young Kim, Han-Suk Kim
Summary: Preterm infants with SIP show faster head growth, while those with NEC exhibit more abnormalities in gross motor, fine motor, cognitive, and social domains at 36 months of age. More studies on neurodevelopmental outcomes in these infants are needed.
Article
Pediatrics
Jacky Herzlich, Dror Mandel, Ronella Marom, Rafael Mendelsohn, Audelia Eshel Fuhrer, Laurence Mangel
Summary: This study aimed to explore early biomarkers for predicting spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) in preterm infants. Laboratory markers of SIP and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) infants were compared and evaluated. Hyperlactatemia was less frequent and platelet count was lower in SIP infants than in NEC infants. Glucose levels strongly correlated with lactate levels only in the NEC group. An increase in lactate levels was associated with a decrease in the odds of being diagnosed with SIP.
Article
Surgery
Martin L. Blakely, Jon E. Tyson, Kevin P. Lally, Susan R. Hintz, Barry Eggleston, David K. Stevenson, Gail E. Besner, Abhik Das, Robin K. Ohls, William E. Truog, Leif D. Nelin, Brenda B. Poindexter, Claudia Pedroza, Michele C. Walsh, Barbara J. Stoll, Rachel Geller, Kathleen A. Kennedy, Reed A. Dimmitt, Waldemar A. Carlo, C. Michael Cotten, Abbot R. Laptook, Krisa P. Van Meurs, Kara L. Calkins, Gregory M. Sokol, Pablo J. Sanchez, Myra H. Wyckoff, Ravi M. Patel, Ivan D. Frantz, Seetha Shankaran, Carl T. D'Angio, Bradley A. Yoder, Edward F. Bell, Kristi L. Watterberg, Colin A. Martin, Carroll M. Harmon, Henry Rice, Arlet G. Kurkchubasche, Karl Sylvester, James C. Y. Dunn, Troy A. Markel, Diana L. Diesen, Amina M. Bhatia, Alan Flake, Walter J. Chwals, Rebeccah Brown, Kathryn D. Bass, Shawn D. St Peter, Christina M. Shanti, Walter Pegoli, David Skarda, Joel Shilyansky, David G. Lemon, Ricardo A. Mosquera, Myriam Peralta-Carcelen, Ricki F. Goldstein, Betty R. Vohr, Isabell B. Purdy, Abbey C. Hines, Nathalie L. Maitre, Roy J. Heyne, Sara B. DeMauro, Elisabeth C. McGowan, Kimberly Yolton, Howard W. Kilbride, Girija Natarajan, Kelley Yost, Sarah Winter, Tarah T. Colaizy, Matthew M. Laughon, Satyanarayana Lakshminrusimha, Rosemary D. Higgins
Summary: The study found that initial surgical treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or isolated intestinal perforation (IP) did not result in overall differences in death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) rates in premature infants. However, the impact of initial treatment varied depending on the preoperative diagnosis of NEC or IP.
Review
Pediatrics
Gonzalo Solis-Garcia, Agostino Pierro, Bonny Jasani
Summary: This study aimed to review and analyze the effects of peritoneal drainage (PD) compared to laparotomy (LAP) on morbidity and mortality in preterm neonates with surgical NEC (sNEC) or spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP). The results showed that there were no differences in survival rates between PD and LAP in randomized controlled trials, but observational studies indicated that PD was associated with lower survival rates for sNEC/SIP infants. The subgroup analysis also showed that LAP had higher survival rates for sNEC infants.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laura Moschino, Giovanna Verlato, Miriam Duci, Maria Elena Cavicchiolo, Silvia Guiducci, Matteo Stocchero, Giuseppe Giordano, Francesco Fascetti Leon, Eugenio Baraldi
Summary: This systematic review examines the use of untargeted metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis in evaluating the differences between neonates affected by NEC and healthy controls. The review finds that an early urinary alanine/histidine ratio >4 may serve as a predictive biomarker for NEC. Additionally, NEC specimens show increased relative abundance of Proteobacteria at phylum level and a lack or decreased abundance of Bifidobacterium at genus level. The study suggests that untargeted metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis can shed light on the pathophysiology of NEC and help identify potential biomarkers.
Article
Pediatrics
Carlos Zozaya, Jyotsna Shah, Agostino Pierro, Augusto Zani, Anne Synnes, Shoo Lee, Prakesh S. Shah
Summary: The study evaluated neurodevelopment and growth in extremely preterm infants, finding that spontaneous intestinal perforation, necrotizing enterocolitis, or any bowel perforation are risk factors for death or significant neurodevelopmental impairment in these infants.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Muhammad Khalid Syed, Ahmad A. Al Faqeeh, Noman Saeed, Talal Almas, Tarek Khedro, Muhammad Ali Niaz, M. Ali Kanawati, Salman Hussain, Hussain Mohammad, Lamees Alshaikh, Lina Alshaikh, Abdulaziz Abdulhadi, Abdulaziz Alshamlan, Saifullah Syed, Hamdy Katar Hanafi Mohamed
Summary: The study revealed that in patients with NEC without perforation, surgical treatment does not provide a comparative therapeutic advantage compared to medical management alone. Conservative treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics like metronidazole has shown equally favorable outcomes in such cases.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
JinBao Han, Gang Liu, MengNan Yu, Guang Li, JianYing Cao, Lian Duan, LiuMing Huang
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the surgical outcomes of 271 NEC patients and found that preterm infants in the non-perforated group had more serious complications and longer recovery time after surgery. Additionally, Bell staging was not accurate in diagnosing severe NEC requiring surgical intervention.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Qin Chen, Weiquan Yao, Fengdan Xu, Jinfeng Liao, Jinfeng Li, Minling Mai, Haoqiang Xie, Xiaoguang He, Ning Li
Summary: This study focused on the utility of abdominal ultrasound (AUS) in the diagnosis and evaluation of surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The results showed that AUS has a high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing NEC with perforation, and it can effectively monitor and evaluate the progression and complications of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Kristiina Karila, Antti Koivusalo
Summary: In necrotizing enterocolitis, preoperative blood transfusion and blood transfusion beyond 48 hours before surgery are associated with a slightly increased risk of 2-week mortality, but not with small intestinal loss or duration of parenteral nutrition.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine Culbreath, Gregory Keefe, Erika M. Edwards, Kate A. Morrow, Roger F. Soll, Tom Jaksic, Jeffrey D. Horbar, Biren P. Modi
Summary: This study compared the morbidities between spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. The results showed that both SIP and NEC had similar lengths of stay in the hospital, which were significantly longer than those without SIP or NEC. The risk of growth morbidity at discharge was similar between SIP and NEC, but higher than infants without SIP or NEC. Infants with NEC were less likely to require supplemental oxygen at discharge compared to infants with SIP.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Brenda Poindexter
Summary: Probiotic products in the US and Canada are increasingly used in preterm infants, despite lacking FDA approval and sufficient evidence on safety and efficacy. The use of dietary supplement-grade probiotics raises concerns due to potential contamination and lack of regulation. As such, universal administration of probiotics to preterm infants is not recommended based on current evidence.
Article
Pediatrics
Allison C. Lure, Xinsong Du, Erik W. Black, Raechel Irons, Dominick J. Lemas, Janice A. Taylor, Orlyn Lavilla, Diomel de la Cruz, Josef Neu
Summary: This study successfully differentiated between NEC and SIP using a machine learning model with high predictive accuracy and feasibility. After analyzing data from 40 patients, a 98% AUROC was achieved. The results of this study provide a new method for distinguishing these two diseases in preterm neonates.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Ester Maria Gill, Kristine Jung, Niels Qvist, Mark Bremholm Elleb
Summary: There is currently insufficient evidence to support any specific recommendations regarding antibiotic treatment, route of administration, or duration for infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) at Bell's stage II and III.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Raju K. Shinde, Rahul Rajendran Jr
Summary: This case report presents a rare case of spontaneous caecal perforation in a term neonate who presented with vomiting and abdominal distension on day two of life. On exploration, a single large full-thickness cecum perforation was noted. Histopathologic samples were negative for necrotizing enterocolitis and Hirschsprung's disease. Clinical awareness of this rare entity could help in preventing delays in imaging and prompt surgical management.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Tarun Aurora, Audrey Cole, Parul Rai, Paul Lavoie, Carrie Mcivor, Lisa M. Klesges, Guolian Kang, Janaka S. S. Liyanage, Heather M. Brandt, Jane S. Hankins
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a vaccine strategy bundle in increasing HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates in a specialty clinic setting. By implementing the bundle, which included staff education, provider incentives, offering vaccines in clinics, and verifying vaccine completion, the clinic successfully improved HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates among sickle cell disease patients.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nienke M. Halbmeijer, Wes Onland, Jeroen Dudink, Filip Cools, Anne Debeer, Anton H. van Kaam, Manon J. N. L. Benders, Niek E. van der Aa
Summary: In ventilated infants born preterm, high dose systemic hydrocortisone initiated between 7 and 14 days after birth did not have a significant impact on brain development.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine Melton, Jianfang Liu, Hossein Sadeghi, Maureen George, Arlene Smaldone
Summary: This study aims to identify predictors of change in lung function and body weight during health care transition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The study findings highlight the importance of CF RISE program engagement and reducing gaps in care for improving the transition of adolescents and young adults with CF.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Laura A. Duckworth, Kimberly A. Sutton, Nurmohammad Shaikh, Jinli Wang, Carla Hall-Moore, Lori R. Holtz, Phillip I. Tarr, Ronald C. Rubenstein
Summary: The study tested the usefulness of various biomarkers as indicators of gut dysfunction in cystic fibrosis (CF) and investigated the repeatability of these measures in individuals over short periods and their correlation with clinical outcomes. The results showed that elevated levels of fLcn2 in individuals with CF may predict worsened pulmonary function.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Lindsey Haack, Nikkan Das, Arvind Hoskoppal, Mark Debrunner, Tarek Alsaied, Gaurav Arora
Summary: RAE on ECG has a low positive predictive value for RAE on echocardiogram in previously healthy young patients. The highest yield for RAE on echocardiogram was observed in patients who were <1 year of age, had RAE in the anterior precordial leads, or displayed right ventricular hypertrophy on ECG.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael A. Padula, Khatija Naing, Tara L. Wenger, Irfan Ahmad, Carl H. Coghill, K. Taylor Wild, S. Alex Rottgers, Cory M. Resnick, Jeffrey Goldstein, Zarmina Ehsan, Donna Watkins, Nicole Deptula, Kuan-Chi Lai, Janet Lioy, Semsa Gogcu, Christopher M. Cielo
Summary: This study describes the spectrum of disease and burden of care in infants with congenital micrognathia. The results show that these infants commonly require surgical intervention and tube feedings, and disparities based on race and among centers were identified.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael P. Fundora, Manvitha Kalicheti, Guantao Zhao, Kevin O. Maher, Nicoleta Serban
Summary: This study investigated the variation of outpatient opioid prescribing in postoperative pediatric cardiac patients across the US. The results showed that there were significant differences in opioid prescribing by race, ethnicity, sex, and region.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Jia Guo, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Leigh Blizzard, Michael D. Schmidt, Terence Dwyer, Alison J. Venn, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: There is a correlation between childhood and adulthood cardiorespiratory fitness.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Nianzhou Xiao, Michelle Starr, Adrienne Stolfi, Gilad Hamdani, Shireen Hashmat, Stefan G. Kiessling, Christina Sethna, Mahmoud Kallash, Robyn Matloff, Robert Woroniecki, Keia Sanderson, Ikuyo Yamaguchi, Stephen D. Cha, Michael G. Semanik, Rahul Chanchlani, Joseph T. Flynn, Mark Mitsnefes
Summary: This multicenter study reports that most infants diagnosed with idiopathic hypertension in the NICU will discontinue antihypertensive treatment within 2 years of discharge. Antenatal steroid treatment is associated with a decreased likelihood of needing antihypertensive therapy for more than 1 year.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Kanwaljit Singh, John Concato, Jonathan M. Davis
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Yaxing Meng, Harri Niinikoski, Suvi P. Rovio, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Feitong Wu, Antti Jula, Tapani Ronnemaa, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, Katja Pahkala, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: This 26-year study shows a correlation between early-life non-HDL-C levels and future levels. Early dietary counseling can reduce the risk of high pediatric non-HDL-C, emphasizing the importance of early interventions in preventing cardiovascular risks.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kelsey A. B. Gastineau, Rebecca Bell, Allison Hanes, Sandra Mckay, Eric Sigel, Filoteia Popescu, Evan C. Sommer, Shari Barkin
Summary: This study aimed to assess the self-reported counseling outcomes for a firearm safe storage counseling training program provided by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The results demonstrated significant improvement in counseling self-efficacy and frequency one month after the training.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kathryn E. K. Berlin, William Scott, Sara Dawson, David Brousseau, Joanne M. Lagatta
Summary: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of infants from NICU hospitalization to one year post-discharge. The study found that lower HRQL during NICU stay was associated with earlier gestational age, postnatal corticosteroid usage, outborn status, and gastrostomy tube placement. Lower HRQL at 3 and 12 months post-discharge was associated with readmissions, home oxygen use, parent-reported difficulty breathing, lower developmental scores, and not playing with other children. Most parents reported similar or improved HRQL after discharge, but parents of infants with respiratory symptoms experienced less improvement. Efforts to improve parent HRQL should focus on respiratory symptoms and social isolation.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Garett J. Griffith, Alan P. Wang, Robert I. Liem, Michael R. Carr, Tyler Corson, Kendra Ward
Summary: This study developed reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness in children aged 6-18 years without underlying heart disease, measured by peak oxygen uptake and treadmill time. Fitness levels increased with age in males but not females. Males generally exhibited higher fitness levels compared to females in the same age groups.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
David S. Liu, Patricia Miller, Anna Rothenberg, Carley Vuillermin, Peter M. Waters, Andrea S. Bauer
Summary: This study aims to determine if children with elbow flexion contracture (EFC) caused by brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) are more likely to develop shoulder contracture and undergo surgical treatment. A retrospective review was conducted on children under 2 years old with BPBI who presented to a single children's hospital. The results showed that patients with EFC had reduced shoulder range of motion and higher odds of shoulder contracture and surgical treatment. Prompt referral to a BPBI specialty clinic is recommended for evaluation and potential surgery.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2024)